If successful, it will set him on the path to world domination and eventual confrontation with his Creator's nemesis. During these global travels for this Alien artefact, this unlikely hero from a totalitarian state whose despotic ruler has similar designs to his own will encounter a host of bizarre Nations and adversaries whom he must overcome for the first stage of the Alien plan to succeed.
Web Design Northampton by New Edge. By Michael O'Dwyer Alien Reformation is the first novel in The Hydro-Carbon Stratagem trilogy which questions the origins of humankind, our ultimate fate and influence on the entire cosmos.
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The Lutheran World Federation LWF and Roman Catholic Church joint event will highlight the 50 years of continuous ecumenical dialogue between Catholics and Lutherans and the joint gifts of this collaboration. The Catholic-Lutheran commemoration of years of the Reformation is structured around the themes of thanksgiving, repentance and commitment to common witness. The aim is to express the gifts of the Reformation and ask forgiveness for division perpetuated by Christians from the two traditions.
Younan, stated that "With gratitude we acknowledge that the Reformation helped give a greater centrality to sacred Scripture in the Church's life". In Germany, representatives from Lower Saxony , Schleswig-Holstein , Hamburg and Bremen have concluded a decision has to be made by state parliaments on whether to make Reformation Day a permanent official holiday in these respective states. Slovenia celebrates it as well due to the profound contribution of the Reformation to that nation's cultural development, although Slovenes are mainly Roman Catholics.
With the increasing influence of Protestantism in Latin America particularly newer groups such as various Evangelical Protestants , Pentecostals or Charismatics , [40] it has been declared a national holiday in Chile in Within the Lutheran church, Reformation Day is considered a lesser festival, and is officially referred to as The Festival of the Reformation.
Until the 20th century, most Lutheran churches celebrated Reformation Day on 31 October, regardless of which day of the week it occurred. Today, most Lutheran churches transfer the festival, so that it falls on the Sunday called Reformation Sunday on or before 31 October and transfer All Saints' Day to the Sunday on or after 1 November. The liturgical colour of the day is red, which represents the Holy Spirit and the Martyrs of the Christian Church. It is also traditional in some Lutheran schools for schoolchildren to hold Reformation Day plays or pageants that re-enact scenes from the life of Martin Luther.
Reformation Day
The fact that Reformation Day coincides with Halloween is not mere coincidence. Halloween, being the Eve of All Saints' Day, might have been an entirely appropriate day for Luther to post his Ninety-five Theses against indulgences since the castle church would be open on All Saints' Day specifically for people to view a large collection of relics. The viewing of these relics was said to promise a reduction in time in purgatory similar to that of the purchase of an indulgence.
That Martin Luther intended his Ninety-five Theses to persuade the common people, however, is extremely unlikely, since they were written in Latin , a language which the common people did not understand. Although not shaped by Luther's doctrine, Calvinist churches throughout the world do not regard the Reformation Day as less important, and celebrate it in a similar manner to Lutherans.
Reformation Day - Wikipedia
The nailing of the Ninety-five Theses sparked the discussion about Catholic beliefs and practices of the day. Reformed theology first emerged with Huldrych Zwingli in Switzerland who decided to participate in this European-wide discussion after seeing Luther's postulates; all this would not have happened without the events of 31 October Theological conversations caught on with French lawyer John Calvin joining it soon after Zwingli. Other Protestant denominations differ in their celebration of this holiday from the Lutheran and Reformed way of honoring the events, to a complete lack of observance.
The United Methodist Church offers a theological reason for its observance of Reformation Day, stating that: Our roots are deep in the Anglican tradition: There are a number of reasons we should observe the day. The themes of the Reformation remain the great themes and principles of our own faith today.
The great schism that occurred in the church remains with us. Our fractured denominations have entered into dialogue and cooperative activities that have brought us closer together. Today we may observe Reformation Day with a sense of moving toward unity and community. It is an opportunity to repent of the sins and excesses of the past and to celebrate our common faith, even if we still cannot celebrate a common ritual and sacrament.
Reformation today can represent healing of old wounds as, together, we all work to build and strengthen Christ's church and love one another as Christ has loved us.
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Ten years after the indulgences have been destroyed; in memory of this we both drink and are comforted at this hour. Three hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the Reformation, observed by the American Lutheran Church on 31 October God's word and Luther's doctrine pure shall to eternity endure.
Luther set a stone in motion that was unstoppable and changed the world forever. Lutheranism portal Calvinism portal Christianity portal Religion portal History portal. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Albrecht obtained permission from Pope Leo X to conduct the sale of a special plenary indulgence i. In effect, Tetzel became a salesman whose product was to cause a scandal in Germany that evolved into the greatest crisis the Reformation in the history of the Western church.
Martin Luther, Wittenberg and the Reformation". Retrieved 31 October Penguin, , 60; Brecht, Martin. Fortress Press, —93, 1: Augsburg Fortress Publishing House, , The Theses Were Not Posted. Saunders of Toronto, Ltd. The Cambridge Companion to Martin Luther.
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Cambridge University Press, , The Renaissance and Reformation Movements , St. Concordia Publishing House, , Retrieved 6 August Archived from the original on 21 July Archived from the original on 25 July Retrieved 4 July Retrieved 8 April Retrieved 22 February Pope Francis will celebrate the th anniversary of the Reformation by attending an ecumenical service in Sweden as a guest of the Lutheran Church, the Vatican said Monday.
In a highly symbolic act of reconciliation that would even recently have been unthinkable for a Catholic pontiff, Francis will visit the Swedish city of Lund on 31 October for a commemoration jointly organised by his own inter-faith agency and the Lutheran World Federation LWF.