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If the overall cost including non-co-financed expenditure is calculated for each of the projects in question, by how much does the average cost differ from the European average for implementing similar projects? How reasonable is the increase in financing? Does the State have an obligation under public procurement regulations to intervene if projects are unable to sustain their debt?
Will there be any increase in the contribution by the Greek State to the cost of the projects and its liability if they are not implemented? Does it consider that these projects can feasibly be completed by the end of ? The overall cost of E and Olympia Odos will not rise in comparison to the overall costs envisaged at the time when the original concession agreements were signed.
The EU contribution is increased following the declaration by the Greek State of the eligible expenditure of state aid and tolls. It is not possible to provide the Honourable Member with an average comparison of costs. No sum is forecast to be carried over to The Commission adopted the major projects following the assessment of the applications, in accordance with normal procedures.
The projects have positive socioeconomic indicators. Greece notified the additional support measures. Concerning the applicability of public procurement rules, such rules apply in principle only to the award stage and do not include any obligation upon contracting authorities to intervene in case the projects awarded face debt sustainability problems. That is not true. However, precisely the opposite is stated on pages 31 and 91 of the study. Does it insist that all legal procedures were complied with, as described and financed by the EU?
The information the Commission has received indicates that the canals are intended to direct water from the catchment area to the wetland's permanent flooding area, which has a lower elevation, and therefore unlikely to risk draining the lagoon. This is in spite of the fact that rail projects contribute to regional development and to the creation of up to twice as many jobs as roads. Is it a demand of the European Commission and the Troika, or an initiative of the Greek Government that the proposed privatisation should include transport projects only for lines that are currently in operation?
Does it intend to cooperate with the Greek Government on an open call for proposals for the reopening of the lines? Are these similar to the existing criteria in other Member States? Under what conditions would the European Commission agree to a discussion with the Greek Government over an increase in the limit? The Commission has not proposed a privatisation of rail infrastructure lines. The European Union has been the biggest funder of rail infrastructure investments in Greece for decades, whilst it has no competence to finance maintenance of infrastructure.
Does it consider that the changes being considered in the regulation will help to iron out imbalances in the performance and financing of European SMEs? Does it have a study and evaluations at its disposal? How does this regulation tie in with the need for financing for SMEs, especially in the Member States in which SMEs are feeling the impact of austerity and fiscal adjustment? It defines clear horizontal rules that apply to all Member States and beneficiaries, including SMEs, and will thus improve the performance and financing of SMEs.
However, the extent to which the rules will be used in practice to target financing needs depends on policy choices at national level. In times of increased difficulty for SMEs in accessing finance, the Commission is working on a series of initiatives to improve the financing environment for SMEs to help innovation and growth. Where the market does not sufficiently serve its function of allocating scarce financial resources because of information asymmetries notably for SMEs , State support is an important element that fills financing gaps and complements available sources of finance.
This type of aid is particularly suited to promoting growth and quality of public finance. In this way the Commission has made sure that de minimis remains a simple and flexible instrument, notably to support SMEs. Member States which experience significant emigration by their citizens to other countries face another — much more serious — side of the same problem. Mass emigration together with a lack of immigration is damaging to a country not just because of the loss of human capital, the money, time and effort invested in the vocational training of these people.
Another very serious problem associated with the phenomena of disproportionately high emigration and insufficient immigration is the risk to the sustainability of the social security systems in such countries. After all, most often it is economically active people of working age paying taxes into the national budget who are the ones emigrating.
Does the Commission not feel that it would be appropriate to carry out an evaluation of the risk to the sustainability of social security systems in EU Member States experiencing significant emigration and insufficient immigration and discuss possible means of solving these problems by cooperating with these Member States?
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While labour mobility can alleviate labour market pressures in origin countries and therefore reduce costs for social security systems e. However, outward mobility is only one of the factors affecting the sustainability of social security systems. Other factors relate to the level of participation to the labour market, in particular among young, older persons and among women and to long-term trends such as productivity, demographic ageing and fertility. The inefficient design of some social protection systems e. The White Paper on Pensions provides guidance on improving the sustainability of pensions systems, while the Social Investment Package sets out ways to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of social protection systems e.
This approach was confirmed again in the Annual Growth Survey In the long-run, mobility outflows are projected to decrease further, in line with economic convergence. One should also consider the temporary nature of mobility and the potential gains among the movers in terms of experience and skills. Past experience suggests that mobility is often followed by a return to the home country once conditions improve. Turken willen niet bij EU vervolgvraag. Daarin schrijft hij onder andere: Beseft de Commissie dat de definitieve veroordeling van Say een bijzonder ernstige kwestie is, die de stelselmatige inperking van de vrijheid van meningsuiting in Turkije belichaamt?
In zijn antwoord schrijft hij louter: Welke toelichting geeft de Commissie op het feit dat zij in de beantwoording van de aan haar gerichte schriftelijke vragen continu louter naar haar voortgangsverslag verwijst? Waarom weigert zij klaarblijkelijk om concreet inhoudelijk op de in de vragen aangehaalde afzonderlijke gevallen in te gaan? Turkije wil Twitter aan banden leggen vervolgvraag. Daarom heeft de Commissie herhaaldelijk benadrukt dat er eerder minder dan meer beperkingen op de media nodig zijn in Turkije.
Welke concrete, positieve, meetbare resultaten — duidelijk merkbaar voor de Turkse burgers — heeft de inzet van de Commissie tot dusverre in Turkije gehad? Deelt de Commissie de mening dat Turkije, vooral wat betreft de vrijheid van meningsuiting, juist almaar verder afglijdt en absoluut geen oren heeft naar de inzet van de Commissie resp. Boete voor kritische tv-stations Turkije vervolgvraag III.
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Afwimpelend schrijft hij daarin: Turkse politie arresteert 70 voetbaltoeschouwers vervolgvraag. De Turkse politie heeft 70 voetbaltoeschouwers gearresteerd — zogezegd in de strijd tegen hooliganisme. Turkse autoriteiten moeten de veiligheid van alle burgers waarborgen en tegelijk ervoor zorgen dat de maatregelen in overeenstemming zijn met de Europese normen inzake de grondrechten. Acht de Commissie het optreden van de politie in deze kwestie wel of niet in overeenstemming met de Europese normen inzake de grondrechten?
Is de Commissie, voor de verandering, ertoe bereid niet met het geijkte antwoord op de proppen te komen dat de toetredingsonderhandelingen, juist vanwege de slechte situatie in Turkije, simpelweg voortgezet zouden moeten worden? Dit zou in de hele wereld niet geaccepteerd worden.
Deelt de Commissie de mening dat Turkije, op dit terrein, juist alsmaar verder afglijdt? De Commissie verwijst naar de lopende toetredingsonderhandelingen met Turkije die ook betrekking hebben op de onderwerpen die door het geachte Parlementslid zijn genoemd. De Commissie rapporteert jaarlijks in detail aan de lidstaten en het Europees Parlement over de voortgang van Turkije bij de naleving van de criteria voor de toetreding en over aanhoudende punten van zorg.
If not, how can the Commission prove the opposite? Does the Commission agree that absolutely nothing at all has come of its optimistic expectations for the freedom of expression in Turkey? Does it also agree that its optimistic expectations have been downright naive? If not, how can it prove the opposite? Does the Commission agree that there is only one option with regard to Turkey as a candidate country, which is already regressing further, which is to terminate the accession negotiations immediately and permanently? Is it prepared to do this?
What explanation does the Commission have for the fact that it continues, in its answer to the written questions submitted to it, to simply refer to its progress report? Why does it patently refuse to go into the specific subject matter of the individual cases raised in the questions?
How can what is stated in the progress report in relation to freedom of expression in Turkey be relevant to situations arising after the publication of the report or situations that were not considered in the report? If not, is it thereby implying that the Serit issue is, in its idealistic view, too embarrassing?
Is the Commission therefore prepared to call a halt to this fruitless endeavour and to break off accession negotiations immediately, never to reopen them? If not, why not? Following the presentation of the report by this group, the Commission launched two public consultations, one on the recommendations of the group and one specifically on the independence of national audiovisual regulatory authorities. Recommendations 9 and 10 concern the promotion of European values beyond EU borders. Does the Commission agree that the Commissioner responsible for the Digital Agenda has no business promoting European values — in this case media freedom and pluralism — beyond EU borders?
If not, how can the Commission guarantee that the reverse is true? If not, what is the Commission's interpretation of the accusation? If so, what are they? How does it view those positive expectations in the light of the systematically deteriorating situation in Turkey? Does the Commission agree that, as is demonstrated by reality, the package of democratisation measures which has been announced is just for show and is designed to delude the EU? If not, by when does the Commission expect those democratisation measures to have actually been introduced in Turkey? If not, how does the Commission justify the accession negotiations with Turkey, in which respect for human rights plays a crucial role, while the candidate Member State in question violates human rights without eliciting from the Commission any specific reaction to that fact?
This circle of questions then leads to one and the same reply: Does the Commission agree that it has turned the parliamentary institution of the written question into a contemptuous game comprising a vicious circle of critical questions and useless answers? Does the Commission agree that it is discrediting the democratically elected Members of the European Parliament in question and rendering their parliamentary work partially impossible by making their critical written questions part of a vicious circle and ultimately systematically dismissing them with one and the same meaningless answer?
If not, when will the Commission respond seriously to critical written questions? If not, on what specific effects does it base its assumption that the negotiations are actually producing a positive impact on the very poor situation in Turkey? Turkish police have arrested 70 football fans — supposedly as part of the fight against hooliganism. However, opponents of the regime claim that this is a pretext for rounding up political opponents en masse.
Turkish authorities need to guarantee security for all citizens, while ensuring that measures are in line with European standards concerning fundamental rights. Does the Commission regard the abovementioned police action as being in line with European standards concerning fundamental rights? If not, what are the consequences for the accession negotiations? Is the Commission prepared, for a change, not to come up with the stock answer that accession negotiations simply have to continue precisely because the situation in Turkey is bad?
This would not be accepted anywhere in the world. If not, what specific positive results has the Commission observed? Does the Commission share the view that, in this area, Turkey is actually sliding further and further backwards? If not, what positive developments has the Commission observed? Has the third judicial reform package been completely and correctly implemented in Turkey as yet?
If so, what specific manifestation of this has there been, and how does the Commission square this, for example, with the ever increasing restriction of the freedom of expression? If not, why is the fourth judicial reform package being introduced, even before the third package has been fully implemented? Judiciary and Fundamental rights and Science and research has been successfully closed? The Commission refers to the on-going accession negotiations with Turkey which also cover the subjects mentioned by the Honourable Member.
The Commission reports yearly in detail to the Member States and the European Parliament on progress in Turkey's fulfilling of the criteria for accession and on persisting concerns. These concerns are brought up in regular meetings at all levels with the Turkish authorities as appropriate. Zu den Fragen 3 und 4: The taxation of retirement income in the Federal Republic of Germany changed with effect from Over a transitional period from to , the taxation will switch from taxation of the income portion to deferred taxation.
Is the Commission aware of the problems relating to the taxation of cross-border workers, whereby non-German EU citizens living in another Member State are currently receiving tax demands with retroactive effect from onwards? Is it aware that pensioners living in Germany are automatically fully taxable and thus, with regard to the retroactive taxation, are able to claim large allowances and in many cases are not required to make any back payments, whereas people living in another EU Member State who have to pay retroactive tax on German pensions are automatically not fully taxable and cannot benefit to the same extent from allowances?
Does the Commission see a violation of the freedom of movement in this unequal treatment of those people receiving German pensions who live in Germany and those who live in another EU Member State in respect of the automatic tax classification into not fully and fully taxable persons? In addition, as a consequence of the statements in the report for of the German Federal Court of Auditors on the taxation of non-residents receiving German pensions, the German tax authorities started to systematically request non-residents receiving a German pension to also submit their tax declarations.
There is no difference between a resident and non-resident taxpayer when taking into account the pension income in the tax base. The taxation of a resident and non-resident pensioner differs in so far as certain tax benefits relating to the personal and family circumstances are only taken into account in the country of residence. However, the Court came to the conclusion that there was no objective difference between these categories when the non-resident obtained the major part of his taxable income from an activity performed in the State of source.
This was because in his State of residence he would not have sufficient income to allow that State to grant him the benefits resulting from taking into account his personal and family circumstances. Was unternimmt die Kommission konkret, um diesen Kreislauf des sozialen Abstiegs zu durchbrechen? Wie kann — nach Ansicht der Kommission — der sozialen Akzeptanz von Kinderarbeit entgegengewirkt werden?
Der Besitzstand der Union verbietet Kinderarbeit. Alle Mitgliedstaaten haben die Richtlinie in innerstaatliches Recht umgesetzt. Child labour is a major problem even in the European Union, and one that must be taken seriously.
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According to media reports, in Italy one in 20 children has to earn money to support his or her parents financially. Other EU Member States are also facing the same problem. What, in specific terms, is the Commission doing to break the cycle of this downward social spiral? What steps would it recommend the Member States to take at national level in particular in relation to socio-political changes? What measures and programmes exist at EU level to prevent people from entering the labour market too early and subsequently dropping out of school and to take account of the exacerbation of the situation by the financial and economic crisis and thus also rising unemployment among parents?
The EU acquis prohibits the employment of children. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union prohibits the employment of children and recognises their right to education and vocational training. All Member States have transposed the directive into their national legislation. In their national reports, many Member States pointed out that the directive has resulted in increasing awareness and plays a positive role by contributing to the improvement of the legal protection afforded to young people. In addition, all EU Member States have ratified ILO fundamental Conventions on the minimum age for labour and on the worst forms of child labour.
Why does the European Union persist in its international defamation of Cyprus on money laundering, when Germany holds one of the top positions in the global ranking? The Commission considers that the Cyprus situation was unique, as was the way that the situation was dealt with. The measures agreed with Cyprus responded to the demand by Member States to ensure a standard of Customer Due Diligence which is appropriate to the specific risks to which Cypriot banks were exposed. The Commission does not wish to comment on the position in the Financial Secrecy index of other individual Member States.
However, it can confirm that it monitors Member States' compliance with the relevant EU legislation and the progress of Member State evaluations and follow-up procedures established by the Financial Action Task Force where the Commission is a full member and MONEYVAL where it is an observer , which provide detailed findings and follow-up rather than an overall ranking. These reports cover a wider range of issues including the adequacy and effectiveness of the legal structure, preventative measures, law enforcement and cooperation than those identified in the Financial Secrecy Index, which concentrates on issues such as transparency of beneficial ownership and easy access to information.
The European Commission concludes in its communication that this merger is compatible with the internal market because, according to its in-depth investigation, Olympic Air would be forced to exit the market in the near future due financial difficulties if not acquired by Aegean. Therefore, according to the Commission, the concentration of undertakings does not distort competition which, in any case, does not exist.
Did the privatisation of Olympic Airways in bring about positive results in terms of competition to date on the Greek domestic market? Following Olympic Airlines' privatisation in , consumers benefitted from the choice between two airlines on many important commercial routes. Although in Olympic was able to restart its operations with a clean slate and without liabilities, its business model was ultimately not sustainable. Olympic was loss-making every year since privatisation and began scaling down its flight operations in in order to reduce losses.
Furthermore, Olympic was unlikely to become profitable under any business scenario in the near future, and would have been forced to leave the market soon in any event. The Greek domestic market as a whole is attractive to newcomers, as the recent entry of Ryanair on the Thessaloniki-Chania route demonstrates. This entry will increase competition on the domestic market and benefit Greek consumers. This is as a result of families sending their children to work to help with loan repayments, or employing them in small businesses financed by microloans.
Are EU-funded development and investment activities regularly assessed as regards their impact on child labour? Does the Commission have arrangements in place to inspect, monitor and report on its projects with a view to confirming that they have not had any impact in terms of encouraging or facilitating child labour?
The Commission is well aware that child labour remains a pressing concern, and recognises that microcredit, if not managed properly, could contribute to its increase. In order to mitigate this risk it has adopted a holistic approach going beyond microcredit to include other financial products and additional social services, tailored to the needs of the poorest. Evidence has shown that such tailored savings and insurance can be an effective tool to cope with emergencies, better manage risks, and invest in social assets, such as education.
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The Commission's primary focus on microfinance is to support Micro Financial Institutions with an excellent track record in monitoring social and financial performance. Since , concerns about over-indebtedness have led to stronger social performance management of financial services providers in order to deliver responsible finance.
All too often, European emergency aid has come too late and has been inadequate, scattered and relatively hard to see on the ground, as during management of the crisis in Haiti. Will it really be any different this time? This delay is down to a lack of enthusiasm on the part of certain Member States during the negotiations. The EU must play a greater role in managing international crises, particularly environmental crises natural disasters, effects of climate change.
What conclusion does the Commission draw from the delay in the adoption of the proposal for a decision of the European Parliament and of the Council on a Union civil protection mechanism COM ? Will this mechanism be usable both inside and outside the Union for responding to natural disasters? Precarizzazione del giornalismo che sottopone gran parte dei lavoratori dell'informazione, collaboratori e freelance, a condizioni di lavoro e trattamenti economici inaccettabili.
La crescente precarizzazione che in Italia sta investendo in maniera esponenziale diversi ambiti lavorativi ha colpito anche il giornalismo, sottoponendo gran parte dei lavoratori dell'informazione, collaboratori esterni e freelance, a condizioni di lavoro e trattamenti economici inaccettabili. La Commissione segue la questione cofinanziando progetti in questo ambito e in sede di comitati europei per il dialogo sociale e settoriale. The growing job insecurity that is spreading exponentially in Italy in various employment sectors has also hit journalism, and is imposing unacceptable working conditions and financial treatment on the majority of information workers, external contributors and freelance workers.
A snapshot of this situation is provided by the Freedom of the Press, Right to Information report for , which reveals that currently six working journalists in 10 are self-employed, and between and the percentage of those in an employment relationship fell from Journalists who are employed account for Is the Commission already aware of this situation, and does it believe that it is just an Italian anomaly? Does it believe that job insecurity in the field of information, in view of the resulting lack of autonomy and independence that the profession would demand, inevitably has an effect on the product supplied, and thus lowers the quality of information?
Does it consider it appropriate to propose setting up a special enquiry committee, and if so, within what time frame, to begin comprehensive and coordinated monitoring throughout the countries of Europe in order to throw light on the situation regarding self-employment as a journalist in the information sector? The Commission is aware that journalism is often a precarious occupation.
The Commission seeks to ensure the respect for media freedom and pluralism enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union within its competences. The Commission considers quality newspapers to be an important factor in European political culture and democracy. However there are no specific rules at European level regarding job security of journalists.
The Commission follows the issue by co-financing projects in this area and through the European sectoral social dialogue committees. Since there is no EU legislation setting criteria for determining who are self-employed workers, this matter is left to national authorities, including the courts.
All'inizio della crisi finanziaria internazionale, quando circolavano voci di centinaia di miliardi di euro in titoli tossici negli istituti di credito della Germania, diverse banche sono state salvate con ingenti aiuti di Stato grazie a valutazioni generose di Bruxelles soprattutto nell'area delle Landesbanken casse di risparmio , snodo essenziale dei partiti a livello locale. In effetti, come indicato dall'onorevole parlamentare, diverse banche tedesche, in particolare alcune Landesbanken, sono state salvate con denaro dei contribuenti.
Le valutazioni della Commissione europea sono sempre state in linea con le severe norme UE in materia di aiuti di Stato e hanno portato a tagli importanti nei bilanci delle banche o addirittura alla liquidazione nel caso di WestLB. Il problema specifico delle Landesbanken bisognose di misure di salvataggio era la loro mancanza di un modello aziendale sostenibile, che aveva portato anche ad acquisti di obbligazioni USA subprime il cui grado di rischio non era stato adeguatamente valutato.
Since enormous losses concealed by German banks via vehicles enjoying the anonymity of tax havens give rise to suspicions and cast even greater mystery upon attempts to clarify the details of the issue, can the Commission throw some light on the real situation of German banks? Indeed, as referred to by the honourable Member of the European Parliament, several German banks, in particular some Landesbanken, had been rescued with taxpayer money. The evaluation by the European Commission is always governed by strict EU state aid rules.
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It resulted in major shrinkages of bank's balance sheets, down to outright resolution in the case of West LB. The underlying problems of the Landesbanken in need of rescue measures had been their lack of a sustainable business model, leading also to purchases of US sub-prime bonds whose riskiness had not been appropriately assessed. Important to note is that the Commission's approval of state aid had been always linked to a re-orientation of those banks' business models with a view to making them sustainable, involving significant de-risking in all cases.
German banks will be included in the forthcoming asset quality review and stress tests. De Turkse parlementscommissie die een nieuwe grondwet moest formuleren, wordt vanwege aanhoudende onenigheid opgeheven. De vier partijen die in de commissie zaten, konden het niet eens worden. Een topman van de regerende partij AK-partij meldt dat het opstellen van een nieuwe grondwet daarmee voorlopig van de baan is.
Wat vindt de Commissie ervan dat het opstellen van een nieuwe grondwet daarmee voorlopig van de baan is? De Commissie is op de hoogte van de kwestie die door het geachte Parlementslid is gesignaleerd. De Commissie staat volledig achter het proces van de opstelling van een nieuwe grondwet in overeenstemming met de Europese normen. Inclusiviteit is van cruciaal belang aangezien een grondwet moet worden gebaseerd op een zo breed mogelijke consensus en een weerspiegeling moet zijn van de verwachtingen van de hele samenleving.
Bij talrijke gelegenheden heeft de Commissie gewezen op het belang van het opstellen van een nieuwe civiele grondwet, en de Commissie zal doorgaan met het aanmoedigen van Turkije om de laatste hand te leggen aan deze inspanningen. The Turkish parliamentary commission, which was due to draft a new constitution, is being disbanded because of a continuing lack of consensus.
The four parties which made up the commission were unable to reach agreement. A leading figure from the ruling AK Party stated that this means that the drafting of a new constitution has been shelved for the time being. What does the Commission think about the drafting of a new constitution thereby being shelved for the time being?
Does the Commission now feel disappointed in Turkey? If not, on what is the Commission basing its thereby implied hope for progress? The Commission fully supports the process of drafting a new constitution in line with European standards. Inclusivity is central as a constitution should be based on the broadest possible consensus and should reflect the aspirations of society at large. On numerous occasions, the Commission has stressed the importance it attaches to drafting a new civilian constitution, and will continue to encourage Turkey to finalise these efforts.
Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, a member of the Russian band Pussy Riot, has been moved to a prison in Siberia as further punishment for having spoken out about the degrading conditions in Russian prisons. The activist started a hunger strike last week in protest at the conditions prisoners are kept in and the ill-treatment meted out to them, practices which violate the international human rights commitments undertaken by Russia. The EU is consistently calling on the Russian authorities to ensure that detention conditions including pre-trial detention and police custody are in conformity with European and International standards.
It conveys this message to the Russian authorities at bilateral level in the framework of its political dialogue and regular human rights consultations, as well as in the multilateral framework. The EU then also called on Russia to clarify why her whereabouts had remained unknown for such a long time during her last transfer.
A relationship of dependence is developing between the Troika and the governments of memorandum states. Every new assessment results in new measures and new demands before the next instalment is disbursed. We saw it in Greece. Now we are seeing it in Cyprus. What is its position on the question of interest rates? What does it propose in connection with the high interests in Cyprus?
Does it realise that, by continually cutting back social security benefits, it is weakening the welfare state and pushing vulnerable groups of the population into despair, disdain for institutions and politicians and euroscepticism? After Cyprus requested assistance, the Eurogroup mandated the troika to negotiate a programme with the Cypriot authorities.
The content of these negotiations was regularly reviewed by the Eurogroup. Retail interest rates are influenced by market conditions. The supervisory measures taken by the competent authorities in Cyprus for influencing the direction of deposit interest rates do not appear to be contradictory with the acquis communautaire.
The MoU concluded with Cyprus establishes a longer maximum time-span, 2. This procedure will be implemented from end , macroeconomic conditions permitting. The protection of borrowers' interests will also be ensured by banks' internal appeal committees, as well as by the Financial Ombudsman.
Earlier this year EU officials have visited the prison where the two men are held, but were not accorded access to individual prisoners. Per tutti il Pubblico ministero di Udine ha ipotizzato l'associazione per delinquere, finalizzata alla truffa aggravata e all'usura. Nella sfera delle sue competenze in materia di concorrenza, tuttavia, la Commissione interviene in tutti i settori, compreso quello bancario.
La normativa europea in materia di vigilanza prudenziale sulle banche ossia la direttiva e il regolamento sui requisiti patrimoniali impone agli enti creditizi di disporre di un assetto robusto di governo societario e di meccanismi di controllo interno adeguati che permettano di individuare, gestire e monitorare tutti i rischi, compresi i rischi di frode. Dal settembre saranno attribuiti alla BCE poteri di vigilanza su tutti gli enti creditizi autorizzati negli Stati membri partecipanti alla nuova disciplina.
Justice will run its course, including uncovering the motive for the fraud, which for the moment remains a mystery: How does it explain the lack of control and supervision internally, by the board of auditors and by the Bank of Italy? The European Commission is not directly supervising banks as regards prudential requirements and market conduct. This is a matter for the competent national authorities or for the ECB in the framework of the new supervisory rules for banks in the Eurozone. However, within its competition competencies the Commission takes actions in all sectors, including the banking sector.
The European banking prudential legislation i. Supervisory authorities should review these arrangements and take appropriate action, as necessary. As far as the supervisory so-called stress-tests are concerned, the aim and purpose of these tests is to test the solidity of the bank if exposed to certain stressed market-scenarios. The purpose is not to detect cases of fraud. In the event of fraud, the responsibility and the determination of who is to bear the losses incurred by the customers are to be determined under national law.
Middle Eastern tradesmen would marry Indian women just for the length of their stay in India to avoid having non-marital sexual relations. They would then return home and divorce. It was thought that this phenomenon had died out, until a teenage girl reported her Emirati husband to the authorities last summer. Cases of this kind are apparently not that uncommon and every year an increasing number of children are born of such marriages.
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If not, is it possible for the European authorities to do so, or do they intend to remain silent? If not, will the European authorities do so, or do they intend to remain silent too? The EU is aware of these unfortunate practices and notes that the Indian authorities are investigating the matter: In addition, local media and NGOs are raising awareness on this issue. The EU is also supporting a wide range of projects in that regard under the European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights and would welcome specific proposals in the framework of the relevant calls for proposals under that instrument.
The Commission will determine the details of its intermediate and long term assistance to the Philippines once the results of the ongoing needs assessment and the priorities and plans of the Government are known. The Commission is also assessing how funds available under ongoing programmes could be used to support reconstruction. Finally, support to the affected areas will be considered in the context of the focal sectors of the programming for La presencia de los menores en Internet es hoy algo incuestionable. Nowadays, children spend a significant amount of time on the Internet.
In recent years, the average time that children spend online has soared, most probably due to changes in the habits of young people and the high penetration of smartphones in this age range. This behavioural change is leading both public and private institutions to seek the regulation of issues relating directly to the protection of children on the Internet.
The Commission has already brought forward legislation focusing on children using the Internet or including specific protective rules. Also for on-demand nonlinear services, programmes which might seriously impair the development of minors may only be made available if not accessible for minors. Una serie de programas de la UE ofrecen apoyo a este respecto. Europe has an immense cultural and artistic heritage, created throughout its history, reflecting the origins, development and present situation of our civilisation.
Its preservation is, and should remain, a priority objective of the European Union and its Member States. Unfortunately, the economic crisis that many European governments are going through is leading to less investment in this area, a situation that, if it continues, could seriously threaten the preservation of this heritage.
The Commission shares the Member's view that the preservation of Europe's cultural and artistic heritage is an important priority. A range of EU programmes offer support in this regard. During , funding opportunities for cultural and artistic heritage will include:. Finally, since , the Commission has launched annual Calls for Proposals to support the development of transnational tourism related to European cultural heritage.
Does the Commission agree with the European Parliament that cyber-security policy should be cross-cutting, so that its implementation can create effective pathways between internal and external security policy? Will the Commission encourage all Member States to fine-tune their national cyber-security policies and to seek greater synchronisation at European Union level? The Commission fully recognises the need to adopt a cross-cutting approach when addressing cybersecurity and tackling cybercrime. This promotes a coordinated approach of all involved, both at EU and national level.
The Commission encourages the Member States to work on both the internal and the external dimension of cybersecurity. The right operational tools, legal frameworks and capabilities are needed to tackle this evolving threat. EU institutions, Member States' governments, businesses and individuals all need to work together and share responsibility for making the Internet safe and secure. In its own-initiative report voted through in plenary, Parliament explicitly asked the Council to reaffirm the importance of space, which is fundamental to the strategic independence of the Union and the Member States, as well as highlighting the opportunities which exist for gaining independent access to space by developing launch facilities and satellites.
What does the Council think of devising policy specifically aimed at developing multipurpose space capability? Programmes for Earth monitoring play an important role in ensuring Europe's independent access to key strategic information supporting many EU policies enshrined in the Treaty.
In the own-initiative report adopted in plenary, there was an explicit call on the Commission to devise policy specifically aimed at developing multipurpose space capability. The communication analyses the situation in the European market and observes that market alone is not sufficient to sustain the current level of excellence of the European space industry. Space industrial policy contributes to the objectives of the Europe strategy, Europe's growth strategy for a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy. Therefore, the development of space capabilities of multiple use is implicit in this policy, since it constitutes one way of sustaining space activities in Europe.
There are several lines of action proposed in the next Multiannual Financial Perspective The Space theme under Horizon itself is aimed at developing multipurpose space capability as it addresses space technologies, products and applications that will be of interest in other sectors. Ils ont des pistes dans ce domaine, qu'il faut encore confirmer. Several European scientists are suggesting that we should eat bacteria to avoid becoming ill. This explains why probiotics are probably a good way of helping us live longer.
The scientists are following up leads in this field, but the results still need confirming. They believe that progress with new technology will take us forward in leaps and bounds in the years to come; the idea being that, in time, it will be possible to rebalance our gut flora by incorporating probiotics into ordinary food, whereas they are nowadays taken mainly as supplements or medicine.
The Commission is aware of the potential health problems linked to the species and composition of the human gut microbiome. Dietary solutions and innovations leading to improvements in health and well-being will be identified. Regarding concrete military capabilities, the European Council calls, within the broader area of Rapid Response, for improving the effective employment of EU Battle Groups with possible avenues regarding modularity, exercises and certification and advanced planning. A main focus should be on a systematic and more long term European defence cooperation, which requires convergence of Member States' defence capability plans and rationalisation of demand to reduce the number of variants within collaborative programmes.
Multinational collaboration needs to be intensified in critical, mainly strategic capability areas such as Air-to-Air Refuelling, Remotely Piloted Air Systems, Satellite Communication and Cyber Defence. The EC called on the Member States to deepen defence cooperation in order to improve the development and availability of the required civilian and military capabilities.
It stressed its commitment to delivering key capabilities and addressing shortfalls through concrete projects by Member States. Welcoming the Commission Communication on security and defence, the EC underlined the need for a more integrated, sustainable, and competitive European Defence Technological and Industrial Bas to develop and sustain defence capabilities.
The Council provides for a robust follow-up process to ensure and monitor concrete progress, and sustain the momentum across all three clusters of effectiveness, visibility and impact of CSDP, capability development, and industry and market. A progress report is expected by mid and shall include concrete proposals in the work strands enumerated in the Council conclusions including the development of defence capacities.
Will the European Commission adopt provisions to counter the risk of the European Defence Technological and Industrial Base EDTIB becoming exposed to external control and limitations exerted by other powers with divergent strategic interests? What does the European Commission intend to do to step up European industrial cooperation to ensure that Member States remain strategically independent by developing and producing effective military and security capability based on the most up-to-date technology?
The communication was a key Commission contribution to the December European Council. Although exposure to external control is primarily a matter for Member States, the Commission has proposed issuing a Green Paper on the control of defence industrial capabilities to explore in greater detail potential benefits of taking action at an EU level in this area. This was the first petition made directly to the Supreme Court since the former NSA agent, Edward Snowden, disclosed the vast surveillance programme.
The United States Government had asked the Supreme Court to reject the petition, arguing that the surveillance programme, which has been in place since , had been duly authorised by the FISC. These issues were discussed in the framework of an ad-hoc EU-US working group on data protection. In addition, President Obama set up a Review Group on Intelligence and Communications Technologies to assess whether, in light of advancements in communication technologies, the United States employs its technical collection capabilities in a manner that properly balances national security with privacy, diplomatic and other interests at stake.
Is the Commission aware of the controversy surrounding the report to the Commission from the Irish Government on the development of further sea fish farms in Galway Bay, stemming from the fact that a critical report from Inland Fisheries Ireland on the dangers of sea lice that would result from such a development was suppressed and not sent to the Commission? This is now the subject of an investigation by the Ombudsman in Ireland.
The Commission are aware of the risks that sea lice which result from salmon farming may have an impact on the populations of wild salmons in Galway Bay and elsewhere. The matter was investigated by the Commission and closed in on the basis of lack of evidence that would indicate a breach of the applicable EU environmental law. The Commission have raised these new circumstances with the Irish authorities and are currently waiting for their reply. Recognising the very high energy consumption in European industry Mtoe in , EU energy and climate policy has encouraged industry to adopt combined heat and power CHP.
This is now widely used in the refining, food, paper, ceramic and chemical sectors, in which CHP plants supply low-carbon electricity to the grid. The EU has a long-term interest in developing all its energy efficiency potential and continues to support CHP through several directives, including the Energy Efficiency Directive. However, at the moment industrial CHP is facing several market challenges as the electricity market slowly makes the transition. The situation is made more severe by current high gas prices. Current national energy market policies could lead to decreasing use of CHP in a number of countries because of growing investor uncertainty and a lack of clearly-defined long term policy structures.
What can the Commission do to support this higher productivity and lower carbon enabling technology, in this difficult transitional period? In this context, the Energy Efficiency Directive adresses market failures and short-term market uncertainties that periodically may affect certain types of CHP, such as recently experienced by some industrial gas-fired CHP. In addition, the Commission regularly monitors market developments and is putting in place various initiatives aiming at further facilitating investment in CHP and providing long-term outlook.
These include a dedicated platform on the implementation of the industry related provisions of the Energy Efficiency Directive, in particular CHP and energy audits, to be set up in How can the Commission ensure that provocative incidents of this kind do not happen again with regard to Cypriot airspace? How can the Commission ensure that European airspace is not be violated again, even in this distant Eastern Mediterranean border region?
Does the Commission intend to bring this to the attention of the ICAO, so that sanctions will be imposed on the candidate country involved? Fourth Review — Autumn Occasional Papers , noviembre ]. Como empresa privada, gestionada por profesionales, la SAREB toma decisiones de manera independiente con el fin de cumplir mejor sus objetivos. The question refers to a newspaper article that summarises the fourth monitoring report by the European Commission, in liaison with the European Central Bank, of the financial assistance programme for the recapitalisation of financial institutions in Spain, which has been published mid-November Financial Assistance Programme for the Recapitalisation of Financial Institutions in Spain.
The creation of Sareb has been an important element of the financial sector assistance programme for Spain to facilitate timely and orderly disinvestment of legacy assets linked to the construction and the real estate development sectors. As a private company, managed by professional staff, Sareb takes decisions independently in order to best fulfil its goals. In the light of the important role of SAREB in the context of the financial sector assistance programme, the Commission, in liaison with the ECB, monitors closely SAREB's activities within the context of the general monitoring of progress with the mentioned programme.
The rise in the bank credit default rate in September was the biggest monthly increase so far in , reaching After this new rise, both the default rate and the total volume of bad debt are at their highest since records began in Is the Commission aware of these figures? Is it concerned about this new rise in the default rate? How damaging does the Commission think this rise will be to the balance sheets of Spanish banks? Has the Commission detected increases in the default rate in specific sectors of the economy?
The European Commission is well aware of the situation of the Spanish banking sector, including the quality in assets in general and the large amount of non-performing loans. It is watching this development in non-performing loans very closely and regularly.
However, the Commission is in general not surprised by this trend. Such a further increase has been widely expected, and such a further rise has also been factored in the stress test and the ensuing recapitalisation of Spanish banks in and Although emissions of many air pollutants have declined substantially in Europe in the past few decades, a study by the European Environment Agency suggests that virtually everyone living in European cities is exposed to dangerously poor quality air, and this can lead, for example, to respiratory illnesses, heart problems and lower life expectancy.
Air pollutant concentrations are too high, and pollution of the air due, in particular, to ozone, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, creates serious health risks. Air pollutants also cause acid rain, loss of biodiversity and damage to buildings and materials. The causes of air pollution include, for example, the use of fossil fuels in the generation of electricity and in transport, industry and households, and industrial processes, agriculture and waste management.
It follows that action to improve air quality will often also curb climate change, so the benefits derived from measures to control pollution may be enormous. For example, one factor involved in the slowdown in the increase in greenhouses gases in China is thought to be the heavy investment in improvements to air quality. Furthermore, emissions in the United States have seen a rapid fall in recent years, with a corresponding improvement in air quality.
How, in particular, do the major pollutants, such as sulphur, nitrogen, fine particles and ozone compare? How does the Commission intend to address the problems of air quality, in particular as there are cases where EU measures associated with its policy on climate and energy have, in places, worsened air quality, as a result of fuel choices, for example? The results are presented in the table below. As a result of the review, the Commission has adopted a new Air Quality package, including a set of measures that set out the pathway to compliance with existing air quality legislation and propose new medium-term objectives for cutting air pollution.
Toys that do not comply with safety standards may damage this vulnerable age group. Could the Commission provide information on its review of the implementation of the directive as new types of toys and materials and manufacturing processes are being continually developed? What has been done to ensure that toys which contain dangerous chemicals have not been put on sale before that date in stores? Could the Commission describe the enforcement of provisions relating to chemical substances in toys in Member State?
Nevertheless, as the directive lays down general and particular safety requirements, rather than specifying toy types, materials and manufacturing process, it is equipped to address new types of toys, materials and manufacturing processes. Enforcement of Union law is in the first place a task of the Member States. Does the Commission intend to conclude similar agreements with China in relation to other international EU ports? The common aim is that the tested working methods and protocols developed together with Chinese authorities can also be applied in other Member States.
Under this guideline, regular information exchanges on toy safety rules and standards have taken place as well as toy safety seminars and training of AQSIQ staff to improve enforcement activities at source. The Commission has not concluded guidelines with other countries for the time being. Esta reforma entrou em vigor a 1 de janeiro de His new contractual situation means that the former Commission representative is accruing a retirement pension while being paid in his new role.
In his assessment of the MoU, the former Commission representative advocated increasing the retirement age and cutting pensions and allowances, in direct contrast to his own situation. On the basis of which objective criteria set by the Commission has this situation come about? Does the Commission intend to adopt legislation applicable to its officials, preventing them from accruing retirement benefits while being paid for work in the same organisation they used to belong to? Does the Commission not think that practices such as this mean that it has no moralauthority to ask the Portuguese people to make so many sacrifices?