String Quartet in G Major, Op. 77, No. 1 (Lobkowitz) - Viola

It seems unlikely that Beethoven knew of Haydn's quartets. One might just say they emerged separately, in parallel. The fluid diversity of textures is a hallmark of Haydn and the Viennese style. Dazzling counterpoint is juxtaposed with homophony and even dramatic unisons. Virtuosic concertante solos are soon echoed by call and response interactions that formalize into canons and long harmonic sequences for elegant skeins of interchange evoking the late Baroque.

The composite effect demonstrates that unique style so famously called conversational. The opening movement is a robust, definitive sonata form with the two-beat drive of a march and the three-beat perpetual motion of a dance. As in multiple places throughout the quartet, the cello rises in repartee with the first fiddle for some of the most independent part writing to date. This is one of the most elaborate of Haydn's sonatas complete with multiple themes, an adventurous development section, a recapitulation full of fresh innovations and even a small coda.

The elaborate polyphony bounding with energy makes for a showcase of both technique and bravado character. The slow movement is almost the polar opposite. Vocal models prevail from the opening unisons, to four-part chorale, to the accompanied cantilena for first violin to the nearly operatic duet for violin and cello.

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George Gershwin was born in Brooklyn in and died prematurely in Hollywood at the age of His musical career began as a "song-plugger" in Tin Pan Alley from where he worked his way up to become the toast of Broadway. Writing hit songs and even shows, he stamped his personal idiom on the course of popular American music. Yet for all his early success with popular music, Gershwin longed to be taken seriously.

Raised in a musical home, he was surrounded by classical chamber music, Jewish liturgical music and klezmer music — a traditional style of Jewish ensemble music with roots in Eastern Europe that features vocals and various instruments, especially the violin and the clarinet. I wanted to visit the cave, high on the banks of the river. In these playful, intense pieces we see the composer moving with superb fluidity across the boundaries between serious music and entertainment.

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More so than in many of her large scale works we see the inner thoughts of the composer revealed; her compassion, suffering, joy and tireless energy. The composer herself provides an insight into this work. He is remembered as one of the reigning violinists of his era but he was also a successful composer of considerable skill. Mozart wrote a number of chamber works for strings and a wind instrument, including the flute, oboe, horn and clarinet. In each case, he managed to showcase the idiomatic character of the featured instrument while setting it naturally within a chamber context for a balanced, blended ensemble.

The flute quartet was a popular medium of the late 18th century, having arisen as an offshoot of the string quartet, which had become the most significant form of chamber music at this time. For variety the first violin was substituted by the flute. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, one of the greatest composers of the Classical period, is not identified with radical formal or harmonic innovations, or with the profound kind of symbolism heard in some of Bach's works.

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Yet his best music has a natural flow and irresistible charm, and can express humour, joy or sorrow with both conviction and mastery. When Mozart arrived in Vienna in , Haydn held a reputation as the most celebrated composer of his age. Even though Mozart never formally studied with Haydn, his music exerted a profound influence on the young composer.

This influence was particularly evident in the string quartet, which Haydn had virtually invented as a genre. By Mozart was at the height of his mature period. The Quintet in G minor, K. It is the most heartfelt of the string quintets composed in a key that had had strong associations for Mozart of anxiety, desperation, and confrontations with anguish. John Peterson is a contemporary Australian composer. Sadly Michele died when Giacomo was only six years old and the chain of succession was broken. Sergei Rachmaninov, born in , is today remembered as the last truly great composer in the Russian Romantic tradition and one of the most formidable pianists of all time.

Like many other musicians, artists, and men of letters, Raphael got caught in the field of tension produced by dictatorship and racist madness during the Nazi period from to As with the two preceding movements, the theme is first played in unison. Enlivened by accents in popular style, the writing includes several canonic sequences. The first theme is calm and expressive and leads directly into the second theme, in the second violin part. The Menuetto, also marked Presto, occupies here the second and not, as is usually the case, the third position.

It distinguishes itself mostly by the rhythmic play between the binary and ternary beats.

The trio, which is to be played pianissimo, creates a wonderful contrast which surprises the listener. The third movement is a serene, tranquil Andante which is part sonata, part variation and part rondo. The theme is first played by the first violin and the cello, to which are added, at the repeat, the second violin and the viola.

The richness of invention with which Haydn varies the return of the theme is of the greatest inspiration. The Quartet, Opus , which remained unfinished, is also a work of great inspiration. It begins with an Andante grazioso in B-flat major, filled with painful melancholy.

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The second movement, in D minor, is an unstable, nervous and extremely tense Menuetto ma non troppo presto. The trio, in D major, is of a more majestic, almost sacred, nature, no doubt because of its sober writing. Founded in , the Quatuor Alcan of the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean Symphony Orchestra has earned the enviable reputation of being the best Canadian ensemble of its kind since the advent of the Orford [ Release date October 01, Choose your streaming platform. They spoke about it.