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Aristotelian ethics
This special type of value is in turn identified by the reasons… Hardback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory. Methodology and Moral Philosophy 1st Edition Edited by Jussi Suikkanen , Antti Kauppinen Many ethicists either accept the reflective equilibrium method or think that anything goes in ethical theorizing as long as the results are plausible. The aim of this book is to advance methodological thinking in ethics beyond these common attitudes and to raise new methodological questions about… Hardback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory.
This book develops an account of others-centeredness, a way of putting… Hardback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory. In Volume One, Parfit argues that the distinct—indeed, powerfully conflicting—theories of deontology and contractualism can be woven together in a way so as to yield… Hardback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory. Environmental Skill Motivation, Knowledge, and the Possibility of a Non-Romantic Environmental Ethics, 1st Edition By Mark Coeckelbergh Today it is widely recognized that we face urgent and serious environmental problems and we know much about them, yet we do very little.
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Welfare, Meaning, and Worth 1st Edition By Aaron Smuts Welfare, Meaning, and Worth argues that there is more to what makes a life worth living than welfare, and that a good life does not consist of what is merely good for the one who lives it. Smuts defends an objective list theory that states that the notion of worth captures matters of importance for… Hardback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory.
Although technologies such as nanotechnology, biotechnology, ICT, and nuclear energy can improve human well-being, they may also convey risks for our well-being due to, for example, abuse, unintended side-effects, accidents, and… Hardback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory. Her thesis is that the moral sensibility of the text derives from an effort to conceptually capture and articulate the features seen in exemplars, exemplars that are identified and admired pre-theoretically and thus… Paperback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory.
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Trivigno Since ancient times, character, virtue, and happiness have been central to thinking about how to live well. Taking up the general challenge of situationism — that philosophers should pay attention to empirical… Paperback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory. Ethics and Social Survival rejects theories that treat ethics as having justification within itself and contends that ethics can have a grip on humans only if it serves their… Hardback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory.
Consequentialism and Environmental Ethics 1st Edition Edited by Avram Hiller , Ramona Ilea , Leonard Kahn This volume works to connect issues in environmental ethics with the best work in contemporary normative theory. The Self, the Soul and the Psychology of Good and Evil 1st Edition By Ilham Dilman The way an individual's psychology is intertwined with their morality is the subject of this fascinating book from the pen of the late Ilham Dilman. Dilman convincingly argues that evil, though it cannot be reduced to psychological terms it is a moral concept is explicable in terms of an… Paperback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory.
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As a political philosophy, it justifies the implementation and maintenance of many of the… Paperback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory. Aristotelian Ethics in Contemporary Perspective 1st Edition Edited by Julia Peters By bringing together influential critics of neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics and some of the strongest defenders of an Aristotelian approach, this collection provides a fresh assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of Aristotelian virtue ethics and its contemporary interpretations.
While in synch with their underlying aim of grounding human… Paperback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory. Caste Wars A Philosophy of Discrimination, 1st Edition By David Edmonds The central topic for this book is the ethics of treating individuals as though they are members of groups. How should a victim and a perpetrator relate to each other outside the courtroom, and how should others relate to… Paperback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory.
While her project maintains the fundamental features of the eudaimonistic virtue ethical framework—virtue, character, and well-being—she constructs these concepts from an… Hardback — Routledge Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory. Aristotle's Moral Realism Reconsidered Phenomenological Ethics, 1st Edition By Pavlos Kontos This book elaborates a moral realism of phenomenological inspiration by introducing the idea that moral experience, primordially, constitutes a perceptual grasp of actions and of their solid traces in the world.
In order for one to be virtuous they must display prudence, temperance, courage, and justice; moreover, they have to display all four of them and not just one or two to be virtuous. In this discussion, Aristotle defines justice as having two different but related senses—general justice and particular justice.
General justice is virtue expressed in relation to other people. Thus the just man in this sense deals properly and fairly with others, and expresses his virtue in his dealings with them—not lying or cheating or taking from others what is owed to them. Particular justice is the correct distribution of just deserts to others. For Aristotle, such justice is proportional—it has to do with people receiving what is proportional to their merit or their worth. In his discussion of particular justice, Aristotle says an educated judge is needed to apply just decisions regarding any particular case.
This is where we get the image of the scales of justice, the blindfolded judge symbolizing blind justice, balancing the scales, weighing all the evidence and deliberating each particular case individually. In his ethical works, Aristotle describes eudaimonia as the highest human good. In Book I of the Nicomachean Ethics he goes on to identify eudaimonia as the excellent exercise of the intellect, leaving it open [ citation needed ] whether he means practical activity or intellectual activity.
With respect to practical activity, in order to exercise any one of the practical excellences in the highest way, a person must possess all the others. Aristotle therefore describes several apparently different kinds of virtuous person as necessarily having all the moral virtues, excellences of character. Aristotle also says, for example in NE Book VI, that such a complete virtue requires intellectual virtue, not only practical virtue, but also theoretical wisdom. Such a virtuous person, if they can come into being, will choose the most pleasant and happy life of all, which is the philosophical life of contemplation and speculation.
Aristotle claims that a human's highest functioning must include reasoning, being good at what sets humans apart from everything else.
Aristotelian ethics - Wikipedia
Or, as Aristotle explains it, "The function of man is activity of soul in accordance with reason, or at least not without reason. A person that does this is the happiest because they are fulfilling their purpose or nature as found in the rational soul. Aristotle's work however continued to be taught as a part of secular education. Aristotle's teachings spread through the Mediterranean and the Middle East, where some early Islamic regimes allowed rational philosophical descriptions of the natural world.
Alfarabi was a major influence in all medieval philosophy and wrote many works which included attempts to reconcile the ethical and political writings of Plato and Aristotle. Later Avicenna , and later still Averroes , were Islamic philosophers who commented on Aristotle as well as writing their own philosophy in Arabic. Averroes, a European Muslim, was particularly influential in turn upon European Christian philosophers, theologians and political thinkers. In the twelfth century, Latin translations of Aristotle's works were made, enabling the Dominican priest Albert the Great and his pupil Thomas Aquinas to synthesize Aristotle's philosophy with Christian theology.
Later the medieval church scholasticism in Western Europe insisted on Thomist views and suppressed non-Aristotelian metaphysics. Aquinas' writings are full of references to Aristotle, and he wrote a commentary on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics. Aquinas also departed from Aristotle in certain respects.
In particular, his Summa Theologica argued that Eudaimonia or human flourishing was held to be a temporary goal for this life, but perfect happiness as the ultimate goal could only be attained in the next life by the virtuous. Aquinas also added new theological virtues to Aristotle's system: And supernatural assistance could help people to achieve virtue. Nevertheless, much of Aristotle's ethical thought remained intact in Aquinas. In modern times, Aristotle's writings on ethics remain among the most influential in his broad corpus, along with The Rhetoric, and The Poetics, while his scientific writings tend to be viewed as of more strictly historical interest.
Modern science develops theories about the physical world based on experiments and careful observation—in particular, on the basis of exact measurements of time and distance. Aristotle, on the other hand, bases his science largely on qualitative and non-experimental observation. Accordingly, he made some inaccurate claims which have been overturned—such as the claim that objects of different mass accelerate at different rates due to gravity. On the other hand, The Nicomachean Ethics continues to be relevant to philosophers today. In fact, virtue ethics takes its inspiration from Aristotle's approach to ethics—in particular, sharing his emphasis on character excellence, and ethical psychology.
Some philosophers, in particular Bernard Williams, regard Aristotle's ethics as superior to the Utilitarian and Kantian traditions, which have come to be the dominant approaches to philosophical ethics. Aristotle's well-known function argument is less commonly accepted today, since he seems to use it in order to develop a claim about human perfection from an observation from what is distinctive about man. But the exact role of the function argument in Aristotle's ethical theory is itself a matter of dispute.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Generally agreed to be spurious. Hackett Publishing Company Indianapolis: Also see Burger See Nussbaum, Fragility of Goodness Cambridge: See Whiting, "Aristotle's Function Argument: A Defense" Ancient Philosophy 8, p. Studies Bambrough, Renford The Philosophy of Aristotle. Aristotle's Dialogue with Socrates: On the Nicomachean Ethics. University of Chicago Press.
Reason and Human Good in Aristotle. Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Aristotle on Ethics. Aristotle on the Human Good. University of California Press. Aristotle and the Philosophy of Friendship. Translations Broadie, Sarah; Rowe, Christopher Translation, Introduction, and Commentary. Aristotle The Nicomachean Ethics: Translated with an Introduction. Re-issued , revised by J. Translation, Glossary and Introductory Essay. The Ethics of Aristotle: Re-issued , revised by Hugh Tredennick. Retrieved from " https: All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from December Articles with unsourced statements from November Articles with unsourced statements from July CS1 maint: Views Read Edit View history.
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