The sources insisted that a country that buries such chemicals during wartime is required by international law to clear and "disable" them. They said Italy has the responsibility of informing relevant international authorities of the locations where its occupying forces had buried war weaponry as well as the responsibility of clearing and defusing them.
Mezgebu Air is free. Water is free; and here we are not talking about piped water. Anyone so inclined as to go to the nearest river and have a bath can do it for free. Whether or not the river they would want to swim in is waste -ridden is beside the point. What happens to supposedly free resources in the course of time and as the result of the actions of people is, however, never beside the point. The air is supposedly free and is meant to be for the common good but if the carbon monoxide belching out from the back of an old truck that has long passed its road worth iness triggers a fit of coughs in passers -by, does the culprit go scot-free?
The law's answer to that is no. However, since the law remains buried in paper, most people, including drivers possibly, hardly know it exists. Officials that are supposed to enforce regulations seem hardly aware of it, too. Again, take packagers of which cigarette makers and plastic bag manufacturers are only two. The plastic bag at present is the most widely popular use-and-throw form of packaging in use. And it happens to be the most eye catching litter in cities and towns in this country to-day. Should plastic manufacturing plants continue to produce such a persistently polluting product and not be accountable to some degree?
Should they continue to pollute with a free hand? Not if we were to follow the precedents in Europe and other places. In Germany alone, 2 billion US Dollars are collected every year from 19, packagers. The money is then plowed back to help recycle the packaging material, be it pizza cartons, jars, cans of coke, old newspapers, cigarette packing etc. Manufacturing companies understandably might object to any extra payment even if the money were to be spent on enhancing the environment, on grounds of a couple of arguments: One, that they only make the product.
They package their product in such a way that it gives the maximum satisfaction to the consumer. It is the buyers that litter and pollute carelessly. As to recycling, they say, if it pays economically to recycle as the advocates of the environment seem to believe, let others do it on their own free will; they have to travel no further than the next garbage bins. Two, Companies or manufacturing firms pay taxes, anyway.
It should be up to governments that collect tax money to do the cleaning or the recycling. Obviously these kinds of arguments though not to be dismissed as totally self-serving have not had many buyers in many countries. In Europe for example, in 12 countries, 40, packagers were charged, one way or another, for their billion individual packages last year alone.
At present the debate in Europe isn't actually if packagers should pay at all but rather in what fashion. As usual this debate revolves around the argument as to who can do the job better with the money so collected: Could we subscribe to such a principle here, too? The principle that companies, bus inesses and others that either pollute directly themselves or generate waste and end up polluting the air, water or the surroundings, would have to prove that they have paid for at least some of their waste to be removed or even recycled.
If businesses that don't pollute the environment pay taxes, then it is only fair that companies that do generate should pay a little extra. As a new trend, we are already beginning to see what could be the beginning of a long-term collaboration between the business community and environment activists in Addis Ababa. Several of the Gashe Aberra Molla city greening efforts have been assisted by business people. But these are one-off deals that may not be sustainable.
Already there are signs that the spontaneous community participation that we saw a few months ago in the streets of Addis may have peaked now. We only hope that the graph doesn't begin to tailspin. We would like to suggest to the Addis Ababa City Administration, if we may, that perhaps the first useful step in future work on the environment is to identify the sources that generate waste and engage them on continued bases; be they companies, government institutions or even individual entrepreneurs.
Money may not be everything. It said on 1 August that tree seedlings were being planted on an "extensive scale" during the present rainy season, but that more planting Seite 16 was not in itself sufficient. According to 'Addis Zemen', over one million tree seedlings had been planted in the week ending on 1 August in seven areas of Bale, southeastern Ethiopia. Half the planted seedlings were introduced to replace the forests of Menergetu that had been destroyed by fire last year, the report said. The scheme is a component of a joint programme designed by the Nile riparian states under the Nile Basin Initiative.
Tarekgn Tadesse, told ENA recently that project proposal has been submitted to the government to prepare geological map for the remaining parts of the country within 15 years. Work on the project would start soon-as the 50 million birr worth financial and material donation is obtained from donors, Dr. He said the preparations of geological map would help identify the age, structure, type and distribution of the major rocks in the country.
The map would also give vital information about the location of raw materials believed to be us eful for agricultural, construction and industrial purposes, the head said. He said the map would also indicate the amount, quality and drainage of underground waters. The map would provide advance information about the vulnerability of areas to natural calamities prior to launching dam and road constructions as well as urban planning and population settlement in the area, he said.
Tarekegn said the map would serve as the best reference to the government and investors, who are willing to launch mine exploration and extraction activities. Head of the Public Relations Office with the Authority, Derese Beyene, told WIC yesterday that work on the final designs of underground and surface water developments and distribution points were among the projects. Derese said that nearly 41 million birr was earmarked for the Addis Ababa Water and Sewerage Back-up Project in addition to the total of 21,, birr allotted to help execute the Kotebe Potable Water Project and to revamp the Legedadi Water Purification Plant.
According to him, the delay in executing the seventeen identify projects was due to uncompleted design works and stu dies for some projects, failure to secure project sites on time and also failure on the part of contractors to execute projects according to schedule, among others. Derese further said that the Authority was ready to complete the projects succes sfully by overcoming the aforementioned and other impediments.
The Authority had undertaken 15 water project during the last budget year with an outlay of over 56 million birr, it was learnt. Expired Pesticide to Be Destroyed September 19, The Ethiopian Ministry of Agriculture is in the process of collecting expired pesticides from rural areas for disposal, the progovernment Walta Information Centre reported on Monday. The pesticides will be shipped to Finland for incineration, since Ethiopia does not have the facilities, a local agricultural expert told IRIN. The ministry hoped to collect 1, mt of pesticide, and has budgeted accordingly.
However, 2, mt of pesticide have already been collected, and the government is looking to donors, who bore the cost of the initial project, to fund the safe disposal of the additional hazardous material. The project would get under way once clearance was received from countries that the shipment would traverse, he added. He told IRIN that unused pesticide, if improperly stored, can contaminate ground water, as well as rivers and streams, posing a danger to humans, livestock and wild animals.
Emergency water needs in Warder, Degeh Bur, Gode, Afder and Liben zones in southeastern Ethiopia were an ongoing concern for humanitarian agencies, the report said. The local administration had detailed exhaustion of shallow wells and birkas reservoirs in many of the areas, and decreasing borehole productivity. Although some rain had been reported in the last few weeks, "it remains to be seen whether these rains will be sufficient to relieve pressure on pastoralists in areas still recovering from the drought", EUE said.
It pointed out that demands on increasingly scarce water sources had been exacerbated by "an influx of drought migrants from affected areas of north-central Somalia, who are coming with their livestock". Recent climate outlooks for Ethiopia show probabilities for belownormal rainfall over southern Ethiopia for the period September-December Association calls for industrial productions of traditional medicines Awassa, October 1, WIC The National Association of Traditional Medicine Practitioners has called for mechanisms that would enable the production of traditionally used medicinal herbs by pharmaceutical industries.
At the inauguration of a traditional medical center in Awassa Town today, Association Chairman Wubet Abay said that mechanisms should be devised to help prepare the various types of medicinal herbs with the help of the modern medical technology. He said that since efforts made to promote the use of traditional medicine were insignificant, the profession is now feared may be relinquished o ttally. The Association established in E. C has a total of 2, members, it was learnt.
UNMEE says that both Ethiopia and Eritrea have not fully adhered to requirements stated in the cessation of hostilities agreement signed by both countries when their border conflict ended last year. The number of troops and military observers remains unchanged. By unanimously adopting resolution , the Council also called on the parties to cooperate fully and expeditiously with UNMEE in the implementation of its mandate and to abide scrupulously by the letter and spirit of the agreements signed by Ethiopia and Eritrea.
The Council also emphasized that the Algiers Agreements linked the termination of UNMEE with the implementation of the work of the independent Boundary Commission, which is charged with delimitation and demarcation of the border between the two countries and that in the interim, the Temporary Security Zone TSZ must be completely demilitarized Daily Monitor, Sep. The delegation said the Eritrean government would make its position clear on the issue soon Radio Ethiopia, June Ethiopia has rejected the UN map that marks the buffer zone between Ethiopia and Eritrea.
Ethiopia says the boundaries demarcated on the map are inconsistent with what was agreed with the UN. Kidane said that in the northern area of Irob, the zone is only 12 kms. Border and Compensation Commission: Ethiopia recently presented its claims on the border issue with supporting evidence to the Ethiopia and Eritrea Border Commission, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs said. Ethiopia has also presented a separate document consisting of procedural matters to the Compensation Commission.
The UN says that only six months remain for the deadline before Ethiopia and Eritrea must submit their claims to the Ethiopia and Eritrea Claims Commission, one of the several UN agencies created to find a final solution to the conflict between the two countries.. Official reports indicate that Ethiopia lost more than mio USD worth of goods at the Eritrean port of Assab alone, when Eritrea detained import and export goods belonging to Ethiopia when hostilities broke out between the two countries.
The worst hit were private businessmen, who have so far received no compensation for the goods they had lost at the port. The claims commission had met in March and May at The Hague. The current vacancy on the commission caused by the resignation of one of the Commissioners originally appointed by Ethiopia is expected to be filled in soon Entrepreneur, June Ethiopians there, Eritreans here: Residents of Axum and Adwa have disclosed that Eritreans deported as security risks during the Ethio-Eritrean war are coming back.
These include Eritreans married to Ethiopians. Ethiopians who returned from Eritrea via Rama have complained that local officials in Rama failed to act when advised about the return of the Eritreans Satenaw, Sep. Eritrea had complained to he t UN Security Council that Ethiopia had deported a group of people, in violation of inter- national humanitarian laws and human rights conventions. In a statement, the Asmara government said it took the decision to return the POWs because of health reasons.
The statement also called on the international community to put pressure on Ethiopia to release the POWs it is holding State media, Oct. Costs of the War: It states the economic and social infrastructures were destroyed, properties were looted and normal human settlement and economic activities were disrupted with a significant loss of life.
The report, which is due to be published in the autumn, gives a comprehensive analysis of how the conflict diverted scarce resources from development to fund a war which cost tens of thousands of lives. Thus, the military expenditure became This, it said, is based on the expected growth in agriculture as a result of good weather during the current crop season. The performance of the economy will also benefit from improvements in the private sector and increased foreign assistance to Ethiopia as a result of better relations with development partners State media, Oct.
The relative expansion is largely accounted for by the growth of the share of private manufacturing enterprises, it said. The growth rate of medium and largescale private manufacturing reached This development is corresponded by an equal growth in he t proportion of the share of workers now employed privately, as compared to the total workforce in the sector ETV, Oct. The general manager of the Federal Internal Revenue Authority has said that, so far, it had not been able to collect a total of over 2.
The taxes amount to The Addis Ababa Lagahar customs office has collected over 3. The amount exceeded that of last year by It attributed the increase to the bumper harvest last year accompanied by the resurgence in the industrial, trade and transport sectors. The Federal Ministry of Finance has announced that mio birr out of the budget allocated this year for defense will go for subsidy to the regional states.
Radio Ethiopia, June On June 19, the Council of Ministers referred the bill on the national budget for the next fiscal year to the House of Peoples' Representatives for approval. The bill proposed an over It was based on the new budgetary reform system of the country.
The council also proposed over 4. Debts, Grants, Loans and Credits: The visit will be followed by government negotiations on the forthcoming German- Ethiopian development cooperation meeting scheduled to take place in Bonn October The Commercial Bank of Ethiopia CBE has given a loan of over mio birr to farmers to be used for the purchase of agricultural inputs during the coming fiscal year. The National Fertilizer Agency said it has distributed over three million quintals of fertilizers to farmers in the various regional states for the coming fiscal year.
The loans were given to the farmers under the guarantee of the regional states Radio Ethiopia, Sep. The vice-minister of Economic Development and Cooperation, Dr. Mulatu Teshome, has said that in the past decade, Ethiopia obtained over seven billion USD in foreign assistance through bilateral and multi-lateral agreements. Agreements amounting to mio USD 1.
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The agreements provide development support in the areas of basic education, democracy and governance, health, food and agriculture, and a special project targeting pastoralists. About , veterans of the conflict with Eritrea will benefit from activities of the project, which are aimed at reintegrating them back into their communities and providing them with employment opportunities Daily Monitor, Aug.
About , people will become beneficiaries of the projects Radio Ethiopia, July Ethiopia and the European Commission EC signed a memorandum of understanding for a grant amounting to mio birr. Out of the total grant, mio birr will be used for the prov ision of , metric tons of food aid for emergency distribution and the employment generation schemes EGS that creates job opportunities for vulnerable groups in the drought-prone areas. The remaining 11mio birr was assigned for capacity building and support studies and midterm review and evaluation activities ETV, July The government of Ethiopia and China signed a protocol of partial debt cancellation of The Government of China has exempted Ethiopia from paying four batches of interest-free loans, which had matured in December This includes about mio USD interestfree loan provided in , and a A grant agreement of about 1.
According to reports from the Ethiopian Export Promotion Agency, the country earned 3. In terms of Seite 20 exported products, in the previous Ethiopian fiscal year , tons of different items were exported, while last year it was , tons. Contrary to this, the performance in the export earnings from leather and leather products, flower, sugar, cotton, marble, teff, oil seeds, and textile products was accompanied by an incredible growth.
Hides and skin, taking the lead in the highest performance of the export commodities, have shown a dramatic improvement enabling the country to earn mio birr, a figure said to be the highest in the past three years. The growth is attributed to the increase in the world trade market of hides and skin. The investment bureau of the Benishangul-Gumuz State has announced that an investor in Metekel Zone has exported over 3, quintals of sesame to Germany.
Similarly, two other investors in the state will soon export more than 1, quintals of incense to the U. The general manager of the Coffee and Tea Development Authority CTDA , predicted a recovery by , when he expects nearly all Ethiopian coffee to be certified as organic, thus generating premium prices.
The Ethiopian Petroleum Corporation has announced that Ethiopia would soon import all the butane gas that it needs from Sudan. The Sudanese government is ready to supply metric tons of butane a day to Ethiopia at a favorable price. Ethiopia annually consumes , metric tons of white diesel, , metric tons of petrol, , tons of aircraft petrol and kerosene, and , metric tons of black diesel for factories. Ethiopia and Sudan signed an agreement on June 14, , allowing Ethiopia to import fuel from Sudan starting next year State media, July 1.
Investment and Investment Policy: The corporation plans to work on 56 projects, of which 37 include those that have been carried forward from the previous years. The remaining 19 are new projects. The projects include the Sebeta-Mekanisa Transmission Project, Fincha 4th Unit Project, which has a capacity to produce 34 Megawatts of electricity, and the Bahr Dar— Gonder transmission and substation projects. Ato Sendeku said the last two should be completed by June while the diesel station planned for Galafi and Semera towns in the Afar region should be finalized by around November A mio birr food processing company has been established in accordance with the commercial code of Ethiopia, the weekly reported.
The company, whose major share holder is Sheikh Mohammed Al-Amoudi will produce edible oil, butter, flour, pastry, pasta, macaroni, chocolate, candy and other sweet food and drinks. In an interview the Ministry said that it had issued licenses to 17 local companies and 11 foreign companies in the last seven years. Over 75 types of licenses have been issued to these companies to engage in various kinds of mining activities Abiotawi Democracy. Technical Asistance, Development Projects: The projects include basic education, health, rural water supply and sanitation, small scale irrigation schemes, training and capacity building, small income generating activities and environmental protection.
The number of projects implemented to date are 3,, out of which 2, were completed in July Close to 16 million rural and urban residents have become beneficiaries of the projects ETV, Oct. He said the over public enterprises privatized by the Agency were currently experiencing serious economic crises. The document detailed that 3. Out of 44 companies, 32 are controlled by Tigrai Rehabilitation, five each by Amhara and Oromo development groups and only two by the Southern Ethiopia Development Association.
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Wegagen Bank is a joint venture incorporating capital contributions by all groups. The business companies are directly controlled by senior political chiefs of the parties who serve as board members and directors, the report added Tobia July The A Family Airbus carries passengers and is the only singleaisle Aircraft able to accommodate standard containerized cargo, it was learned state media, Oct.
Internet services will be made available to five towns in Tigrai State, the northern office of the Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation announced. The work on the installation of equipment was completed in June to expand the services to Adigrat, Axum, Endaselassie and Maichew. The towns will share the line from the main hub in Mekele which has the capacity to cater for users Radio Ethiopia, Sep.
The Ethio-Djibouti Railway Administration is planning to replace the old rails stretching from Dire Dawa to Adigala with new ones at a cost of mio birr. The building project will be completed in two years while construction work will begin in the next six months Abiotawi Democracy, Sep. Ethiopian Airlines will fly to Amsterdam effective Dec. The twice weekly service to Amsterdam will make Ethiopia and the whole of Africa more conveniently accessible to tourists and business people alike from the Netherlands and other neighboring countries in Europe. Ethiopia has signed an agreement with the Sudanese government to use port and customs facilities for its import and export transit of goods which will allow Ethiopia to move import-export goods to and from Port Sudan and also use customs facilities.
Ethiopia is planning to start using Port Sudan and import fuel from Sudan once the construction of the cross-border road that links the two countries is completed Fortune, July The general manager of the project said that so far, mio birr had been spent on the construction. He disclosed that the km. The manager also said the ring road project would be finalized in tw o years time. It was disclosed that the Port of Djibouti would no longer have an environment where companies can survive on their merit.
The much applauded free market environment has now been shattered by a new decree signed into law by President Ismael Omar Guelleh on July 8. The law gives right of the port business, stevedoring, exclusively to Djiboutian nationals while it requires other countries to introduce reciprocal laws should their companies want to engage in agency and transit operations at the port.
The Ethio-Djibouti Railway Enterprise plans to undertake emergency construction and study projects to improve its capacity and overall services. The projects include the replacement of the km old rails that stretch from Dire Dawa to Djibouti and the revamping of the 2, m bridges along the rails. Ethiopian Airlines will start a bi-weekly flight to Hong Kong in August and increase its weekly flights to Lagos, Nigeria, from five to seven starting in July. The Bank said that during the just ending fiscal year, the average exchange rate of one USD was 8. The Bank attributed the depreciation of the birr to the fall in prices for coffee and other agricultural products in the world market since three years ago.
Somalis migrating from the droughtaffected Gedo and Bakol regions in southern Somalia are congregating in areas of the Somali Regional State. The regions most affected in the Somali region were those which enjoyed reasonable rains this year, and could offer pasture and water, the source said. The flood disaster assessment committee of Afar State council said the number of people displaced by the flooded Awash River has exceeded 41, However, the Federal Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission said the number of the displaced stands at only 8, The committee said over 41, people in Assaita, Afambo and Dubti district have been displaced as the floods inundated 21 kebeles.
It is now over one month since the displaced have been liing in deplorable conditions Radio Ethiopia, Aug. Emergency relief assistance is being distributed to more than 15, people displaced by the overflooded rivers in the country. Over two thousand quintals of food grain as well as medicines and nonfood relief items have reached the affected people.
Over families have been displaced from their homes following the flooding of their homes as a result of the overflowing of the Finchitu River in Oromiya zone of Amhara State. Similarly, floods that followed torrential rains in eastern Harerge have killed six people and destroyed houses Radio Ethiopia, Aug. Heavy rains and thunder have made over 6, people homeless in Gambella region. The overflowing Gilo River burst its banks and isolated residents of Jol Awraja who have been forced to survive on roots and leaves.
Crocodiles attacked people killing four. The chairman of Jihu district said three weeks after the floods, displaced victims are not yet supplied with relief items. Meanwhile, the overflowing Omo River has drowned five people and a large number of cattle. A local official has warned that the life of about 3, people is at risk unless people are airlifted by helicopter Addis Admas, Aug. The office of the U. It said all the commodities would be provided to the UN World Food Program to be channeled through target supplementary feeding, food-for-work, food-for-training and general distributions.
However, despite positive recovery trends among drought-affected people, pockets of the population in Somali region has experienced an increase in malnutrition rates Daily Monitor, June According to the latest WFP estimates, a further , mt of cereals and 70, mt of supplementary foods are required to meet the needs of 6. The DPPC has already been forced to cut rations form 15 kg per person per month to The Ministry of Agriculture has disclosed that about 2, quintals of expired pesticides were being collected from Addis Ababa, Bedelle and Arjo for consignment to Finland.
The project expects to collect a total of 15, quintals of pesticides from various sites in the country.
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World Politics, 50 October Indonesia after the Fall of President Suharto: A Case Study in Human Security, in: Asia s Emerging Regional Order Tokyo: Is there a Silver Bullet? The Asian Financial Crisis: Informe Los de afuera? Syndromes of Global Change: A Taxonomy for Peace and Conflict Research, in: Carius, Alexander; Lietzmann, Kurt M. Environmental Change and Security. A European Perspective Berlin-Heidelberg: Biermann, Frank; Boas, Ingrid, Preparing for a Warmer World. Global Governance Working Paper, No. Environmental Degradation as a Cause of Conflict? Theoretical Conceptualisation and Empirical Analysis of the relationship of Environment and Security, in: The Land that Became Israel: Yale University Press, Boundaries of Modern Palestine London: Peace and War in the World After Westphalia: Reflections on the Challenges of a Changing International Order, in: Ideology and social psychology: A rhetorical approach to social psychology Cambridge: Henri Tajfel s Cognitive aspects of prejudice and the psychology of bigotry, in: British Journal of Social Psychology, 41,2: Bilskie, Julia; Arnold, Hugh, Journal of Third World Studies, 19,2: Bin Jafaar, Bakar, Smoke Signals in Southeast Asia, in: Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy, 14,4: Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards.
Towards Disaster Resilient Societies Tokyo: Measuring Vulnerability to Hazards of Natural Origin. Birnie, Patricia; Boyle, Alan, International Law and the Environment Oxford: European Security in the 21 st Century: An Institutional Perspective, in: Levinson, David; Ember, Melvin Eds.
Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology New York: Management of International Waters: Problems and Perspectives, in: International Journal of Water Resources Developments, 9,2: Water Resources Development, 20,1 March: Management of Latin American River Basins: Water as a focus for regional development Oxford: Canadian Journal of Political Science, 26,4 December: Refugees, Environment and Development Harlow, Essex: University of Sussex, March. Blacksell, Mark; Reynolds, F. Military Training in National Parks: Bateman, Michael; Reily, Raymond Eds.
The Geography of Defence London - Sydney: Journal for Women in Culture and Society, 28, Nuevas visiones de la Maternidad Leon: Blatter, Joachim; Ingram, Helen Eds. Bloom, David E; Canning, David, The Health and Wealth of Nations, in: Health, Wealth and Welfare, in Finance and Development, 41,1: In the North, Residents thirst for clean drinking water ; at: Governance and Cooperation around the Caspian Sea, in: Conca, Ken; Dabelko, Geoffrey D.
Woodrow Wilson Center Press: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina: Geographische Rundschau, 52 Braunschweig: Information, Communication and Society, 4,1: Climate Change and Conflicts Berlin: A Challenge for Human Security - Defining and conceptualizing the environmental dimension of human security, in: Bogardi, Janos; Castelein, Saskia Eds.
Mining, Environmental Degradation and War: The Bougainville Case, in: Bogoyavlenskiy, Dmitry; Siggner, Andy, Arctic Human Development Report Akureyri: Bohanan, Paul; Glazer, Mark, Soziales oder unsoziales Kapital? Das Konzept von Sozialkapital in der Geographischen Verwundbarkeitsforschung, in: Soziale und regionale Polarisierung und die Rolle der Agrarpolitik, in: Wasser als kritischer Faktor, in: Perspectives from Social Geography, in: Ursachen, Auswirkungen, Vorsorge Stuttgart: Land Degradation and Human Security. Human Security and Environment. Geographie Physische Geographie und Humangeographie Munich: Geographies of Violence and Vulnerability.
Geographien von Verwundbarkeit, in: Physische Geographie und Humangeographie Heidelberg: Livelihoods and Human Security in Risky Environments, in: Climate Change and Social Vulnerability: Toward a Sociology and Geography of Food Insecurity, in: Global Environmental Change, 4,1: The Political Ecology of Violence: Development and Change, 38,4: The Discourse on Human Security: Implications and Relevance for Climate Change Research.
A Review Article, in: Climate Change and Human Security. Boisson de Chazournes, Laurence, Changing Perspectives in the Management of International Watercourses, in: Transboundary Rivers, Sovereignty and Development: Revue de droit de l ULB, 12,2: Expanding the Moral Space, in: Health, Empowerment, and Rights Boston: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability.
Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Cambridge University Press, December: Bolin, Robert; Stanford, Lois, Vulnerability and Disaster London New York: Bolin, Robert; Stanford, Lois, a: Inter-American Development Bank ; at: Behind the Turkish-Israeli Alliance: A Turkish View, in: Journal of Palestine Studies, 29,1 Autumn: Against Global Apartheid Cape Town: Walker, Brian; Steffen, Will Eds.
The Terrestrial Biosphere and Global Change: Bonfil Batalla, Guillermo, Human Security in the Andean Region, in: Journal of African Economies, 68,5: Africa Center for Strategic Studies, January. Quaternary lake levels in the Dead Sea basin: Two centuries of research, in: Geological Society of America Ed. Special Paper Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America:.
Late Holocene lake levels of the Dead Sea, in: Analysis of risks and challenges. Booth, Ken; Wheeler, Nicholas J. Feminism, Postmodernism and Gender-Scepticism, in: Water Regime Formation in Africa: Internal, External, and Implications. Landschaftsentwicklung in Mitteleuropa Gotha: Irrigation and Drainage Performance Assessment: Practical Guidelines Oxfordshire Cambridge: Menschliche Sicherheit in der Praxis. Der institutionelle Kontext zur globalen und regionalen Umsetzung von menschlicher Sicherheit, in: Bosold, David; Werthes, Sascha, Human Security in Practice: Canadian and Japanese Experiences, in: Caught between pretension and substantiveness: Ambiguities of human security as a political leitmotif, in: Debiel, Tobias; Werthes, Sascha Eds.
The Hydrogen Illusion, in: International Rivers Network , at: European Journal of International Law, 12,3: Security in International Law since , in: New Rules for Victims of Armed Conflicts: United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. New Agendas for Peace Research. Conflict and Security Reexamined Boulder, Co: Introduction, in Powers, Janet M.: Blossoms on the Olive Tree: Language and Symbolic Power London: The Logic of Practice Cambridge: The Privatisation of Security Bradford: Le statut de l eau en droit international humanitaire, in: Revue internationale de la Croix Rouge, 82, El Salvador's Adjustment Toward Peace: Economic Policy for Building Peace: Statistical Review of World Energy London: Constructions of Territoriality in the Sahara: Behind the Nuclear Curtain: D London New York: Initial burden of disease estimates for South Africa, , in: South African Medical Journal, 93,9: A Program for Survival.
Damming the Senegal River, in: World Resources New York; Oxford: Asociacion y Diplomacia Preventiva Madrid: Migration von Nordafrika nach Europa, in: Spektrum der Wissenschaft August: Energiepolitik Technische Entwicklung, politische Strategien, Handlungskonzepte zu erneuerbaren Energien und zur rationellen Energienutzung Berlin Heidelberg: Energy Policy in North Africa: Partnership Building Measures to deal with long-term non-military challenges affecting North-South relations, in: Euro-Mediterranean Partnership for the 21st Century London: Macmillan, New York, St.
Implications for the Euro-Mediterranean Dialogue, in: Als mein Kind geboren wurde war ich sehr traurig. Conceptual and Political Efforts Revisited, in: Euro-Mediterranean Partnership for the 21 st Century London: Environmental Degradation as Root Causes of Migration: Desertification and Climate Change. Friedrich, Peter; Jutila, Sakari Eds.
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Collection Strademed 14 Madrid: Von der Vision zur Realisierung, in: Politik, Technik und Szenarien einer nachhaltigen Energiewirtschaft. Joachim Nitsch zum Climate Change and Conflict. Can climate change impacts increase conflict potentials? What is the relevance of this issue for the international process on climate change?
A Survival Pact for the Mediterranean: Linking virtual water and virtual sun, in: Security and Environment Linkages in the Mediterranean: Natural Disasters in the Mediterranean: From Disaster Response to Disaster Preparedness, in: The Future of Disaster Risk: December Conference Papers Washington, D. An assessment and Proposal, in: Security linkages with peace, development and environment. A conceptual contribution to conflict resolution and long-term conflict avoidance. Environment and Human Security.
Policy agenda for recognising and coping with fatal outcomes of global environmental change and potentially violent societal consequences, in: Desertification in the Mediterranean Region. A Security Issue Dordrecht: Potential of solar thermal desalination to defuse water as a conflict issue in the Middle East - Proposal for functional cooperation in the Gulf of Aqaba, in: Linkov, Igor; Morel, Benoit Eds.
Role of risk assessment in environmental security and emergency Preparedness in the Mediterranean Region Dordrecht: Brauch, Hans Gunter, b: Desertification and Climate Change: Environmental threats, challenges, vulnerabilities and risks, in: Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems Paris: Four Pillars of Human Security: Towards a Fourth Pillar of Human Security: Freedom from Hazard Impacts. Encyclopedia of Life Support System Oxford: Security Threats, Challenges, Vulnerability and Risks, in: Four Phases of Research on Environment and Security, in: Global Environmental Change and Security for the People.
Global Change and Desertification: Scenarios and Social and Ecological Impact. New Security Dangers and Shifting perceptions, in: Shuval, Hillel; Dweick, Hassan Eds. Water Resources in the Middle East. Environment and Security in the Middle East: Landscape Ecology and Environmental Security: Basic concepts and regional applications for the Mediterranean in the 21 st Century, in: Potential of solar thermal desalination to defuse water as a conflict issue - A conceptual contribution to conflict resolution and long-term conflict avoidance, in: Hillel Shuval; Hassan Dweik Eds.
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