Eckert, ed Theories of Mind: Introductory Readings Rowman and Littlefield. Robb, eds Philosophy of Mind: Contemporary Readings Routledge, Scientific American , 6: Vaughn, eds Doing Philosophy: An Introduction through Thought-Experiments. Baker, eds Philosophical Problems: An Annotated Anthology Longman, Shapiro, eds Arguing About the Mind Routledge, The Cognitive Basis of Experience?
The Nature of Consciousness: Journal of Consciousness Studies 4 1 , Toward a Science of Consciousness II. Jasper, ed Consciousness at the Frontiers of Neuroscience. Chalmers, ed Philosophy of Mind: A Reader Blackwell, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research , Philosophy and Phenomenological Research Cambridge University Press, Metzinger, ed Neural Correlates of Consciousness: Empirical and Conceptual Issues , pp.
Metaphysics; or, The philosophy of consciousness, phenomenal and real
Thompson, eds Vision and Mind: Philosophical Review , Hawthorne, eds Conceivability and Possibility , pp. In Philosophy of Mind: Davidson, ed On Sense and Direct Reference: New Philosophical Essays , pp. Reprinted abridged in W. Prinz, eds Mind and Cognition: Cleeremans, ed The Unity of Consciousness: Binding, Integration, Dissociation , pp.
Philosophy Section of thematrix. Grau, ed Philosophers Explore the Matrix. Leiter, ed The Future for Philosophy , pp. Macia, eds Two-Dimensional Semantics: Hawthorne, eds Perceptual Experience. Smith, eds Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Language.
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New Essays on the Foundations of Ontology , pp. Grim, ed Mind and Consciousness: Journal of Consciousness Studies Weatherson, eds Epistemic Modality. Journal of Philosophy Journal of Cognitive Science Amherst Lecture in Philosophy Jaskolla, eds Panpsychism Oxford University Press, Reply to Soames, Turner, and Wilson. Journal of Consciousness Studies , August Journal of Philosophy , December The Routledge Handbook of Panpsychism. Andy Clark and His Critics.
Review of Journal of Consciousness Studies. Times Literary Supplement , November 24, Penrose, Shadows of the Mind.
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Scientific American , June New York Review of Books , May 15, Searle et al The Mystery of Consciousness. New York Review Press, Metzinger, ed Conscious Experience. PNP Technical Report , The Hard Problem J. University of Buffalo, November Phenomenal Consciousness and Conceptual Analysis: University of Cologne, September Conference on Constructing the World.
Tuebingen Masterclass in Theoretical Philosophy: The Philosophy of David Chalmers. Philosophy of Language and Mind Masterclass: Metaphilosophy in Carnap and Chalmers. Reviews of The Conscious Mind: International Conference on Genetic Algorithms , July Perspectives on Mind , Washington University, December Society for Philosophy and Psychology , June American Philosophical Association , March Toward a Scientific Basis for Consciousness , April Society for Machines and Mentality , December Toward a Science of Consciousness , April Greater Philadephia Philosophy Consortium , November Science and Consciousness , Mexico City, April American Philosophical Association , April Consciousness at the Frontiers of the Neurosciences , Montreal, May Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness , June Australasian Association of Philosophy , July Fundamental Approaches , Tokyo, June Metaphysical Mayhem , Syracuse, August Conference on Consciousness , Amsterdam, June Two-Dimensionalism , Barcelona, June Metaphysics of Human Beings , Syracuse, July Consciousness Symposium , Cornell, January Workshop on Consciousness , Rio de Janiero, May Australasian Association of Philosophy , Adelaide, July Workshop on Cosciousness , Taipei, July Workshop on Consciousness , Taipei, July Northwest Philosophy Conference Necessity , October Conceivability, Explanation, and Physicalism , Copenhagen, November The Ontology of Color , Fribourg, November Workshop on Modality , St.
Toward a Science of Consciousness , Tucson, April Knowledge and Skepticism , Moscow, Idaho, April Philosophy of Mind Workshop , Florence, June Physicalism , Bowling Green Ohio , April Metametaphysics , ANU, June Australasian Association of Philosophy , Sydney, July Festival of Ideas , Adelaide, July Consciousness at the Beach , Kioloa, August Arizona Ontology Conference , Tucson, January Inland Northwest Philsophy Conference: Idaho State University, March Norms and Analysis , Sydney, June Australasian Association of Philosophy Presidential Address. Experimental Philosophy Meets Conceptual Analysis.
World Congress of Philosophy Seoul, August Consciousness and Thought , Dubrovnik, August Hyperintensionality and Impossible Worlds: Alaska Undergraduate Conference , Anchorage, April Philosophical Methodology , St. Australasian Association of Philosophy. Salt Lake City, July Propositions and Same-Saying , Macquarie, January Spatial Perception , Harvard, October Pacific APA, April The Epistemology of Philosophy , Cologne, June Emergence and Panpsychism , Munich, June Ordinary Language, Linguistics, and Philosophy , St.
Philosophical Progress , Harvard University, September Consciousness, Intentionality, and Phenomenality. Rice University, October Unity of Consciousness and Sensory Integration.
The Appearance of Reality
Brown University, November Knowers are subjects with bodies, whose perceptual life is articulated only incompletely and discloses the world in progressively surprising ways. More meaning is found in existence than can at any moment be expressed, and even the meaning of existence is not reducible to any definable set of meanings. In thinking that he could prescind so neatly from facts and retain the essence of facts, Husserl was still involved to some extent in the prejudgments—the psychologistic, physicalistic, and logistic dualisms—that he inveighed against.
For Heidegger there is no realm of consciousness that constitutes meaning, and he does not think that some sharp but harmless line could be drawn between essence and fact. It is unjustifiable to think that consciousness can finally demarcate the essential sense of a thing. For example, a man can band with other men in philosophical groups and can think about the metaphysical status of other men only because he is already essentially with others.
He cannot hope to so purify his own thinking that it becomes that of an impersonal thinker, an absolute ego. According to Heidegger, to rethink the problem of reality at its roots, it is necessary to rethink the fundamentally temporal, already-given structures of human involvement. The being of the world transcends any constitution of the meaning of the world and is a condition of experience. Thus, a sense is required of being not as object but as the underlying condition for the reality of the being of all objects. Heidegger wanted to propose a genuine phenomenology, a study that would presuppose nothing of the traditionally formulated distinctions such as subjective—objective or phenomenal—real.
The transcendence of the world can be understood only as it appears; i. If to the uneducated eye the Sun appears to be smaller than it is, the naive inference can be corrected only by educating the person to interpret appearances—to calculate, for example, the speed and direction of light. The real is given in and through its appearances. The thought of Alfred North Whitehead is a distinctive variation on these contemporary themes. Dualisms are undermined by a phenomenology that does not bracket factual assertions. Logical and mathematical deductive schemes must be able to be interpreted in relationships crudely observable in experience, and abstractions of physics and common sense parading as realism e.
Their unity is constituted in a perception-like responsiveness to the universe that, though usually lacking consciousness or apprehension , is an appropriation to and for itself of the whole. God, however, does not create actual entities. He provides them with initial impetus , in the form of their subjective aim, to self-creation. Even God is the outcome of creativity, the process by which the events of the world are synthesized into new unities.
It is the creative, not fully predictable, advance into novelty of a pluralistic process. The freedom of man and the determinism of nature were regarded by Whitehead as another artificial dualism.
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