We shall only mention some of the more recent: In legal encyclopedias, individual subjects are subdivided into "entries", set out in alphabetical order and containing an extended treatment of the single issues dealt with in relation to the various branches of the law. The Italian Constitution The fundamental law of the Italian State is represented by the Constitution, published in a special issue of the Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica on 27 December and coming into force on 1st January The text of the Constitution comprises articles and is subdivided into four parts: The so-called "Transitional Provisions" can be found in 18 articles, all listed with Roman numbers.
Among the English translations of the text of the Italian Constitution, we shall only mention a few here: The Constitution of the Italian Republic. Italy , edited by A. An English translation of the text of the Italian Constitution , revised and updated to , can currently be found in A. It is a translation, prepared by the International Constitutional Law ICL , a scientific organisation that also translates other material relating to constitutional documents, providing a series of cross references aimed at enabling a user to easily and rapidly compare texts dealing with the same topic.
The Commentario della Costituzione, in 35 volumes ,edited by G. Pizzorusso Zanichelli, Bologna , is still today the most extensive treatise on Italian Constitutional Law. The most updated publications are: Commentario alla Costituzione, edited by R. The work consists of a thorough study, updated with recent reforms. Constitutional Laws After its promulgation, the Italian Constitution was integrated with numerous Constitutional Laws, passed within the period between and For a detailed list of the laws amending the Italian Constitution, as well as the articles of the Constitution "etched into" by Constitutional laws, it is advisable to consult the Web site of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Italy , which can be consulted in five languages English, French, German, Italian, Spanish , and the website Consulta online.
In particular, the Law 23 November , No. For many issues, the need was widely felt for legislative regulation laying down proper criteria for fully implementing the reform. In this perspective, the Law 5 June , No. Among the other more recent innovations, we would like to mention here: Constitutional Law 30 May , No. Law 20 June , No. Law 2 October , No. Law 20 April , No.
Acts of the Constituent Assembly The preparatory works on the Constitution of the Republic of Italy deserves separate discussion. The Atti dell ' Assemblea costituente were published immediately after the conclusion of the work of the Assembly: The initial proposals and reports presented to the Commission for the Constitution were only edited as "proofs".
See also the database created by the Chamber of Deputies. Only in an actual analytical index was created M. De Siervo, Il Mulino, Bologna, , regarding the second edition of the Acts, edited by the Chamber of Deputies in La Costituzione della Repubblica nei lavori preparatori dell ' Assemblea costituente. Other Laws of Public Law Interest Apartfrom the official publications and those of a private nature already mentioned with reference to legislation in general, we can indicate here the various "Codes" of constitutional and administrative laws, comprising collections of more frequently used legislative sources, created by experts in the material in different sectors of interest.
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These legislative collections are not, of course, to be confused with the six proper Italian Codes, which collect together the fundamental rules in force within the field of civil law, civil procedure, administrative procedure, criminal law, criminal procedure and navigation. Amongthe most up-to-date texts, we shall only mention here: Roversi Monaco Maggioli, Rimini, ; Le leggi fondamentali del diritto pubblico e costituzionale , edited by M. Tramontano Hoepli, Turin, ; the Atlante normativo di diritto costituzionale by M. The Dizionario di diritto pubblico , directed by S.
It has to be mentioned even the Digital Administration Code CAD , one of the most important legislative text concerning the implementation of the information society in Italy, introduced by legislative decree no. Thanks to the d. The Code, which was reformed in with the d. Public Law Jurisprudence Apart from the case law sources mentioned with reference to Italian law in general, we would like to make note of the following among the specialised Digests: There are many public law journals.
Public Law Legal Authority Handbooks: Apart from the encyclopedias and dictionaries we have already cited in the part relating to Italian law in general, institutional handbooks of constitutional, parliamentary and administrative law represent important reference works for learning about Italian public law. For Constitutional Law, the following are among the most recent and important handbooks: Martines a cura di G. Rescigno, Corso di diritto pubblico , Zanichelli, Bologna, ; R. Pitruzzella , Diritto costituzionale , Giappichelli, Turin, ; P. D'Atena, Lezioni di diritto costituzionale , Torino, Giappichelli, For Parliamentary Law, reference should be made to: Gianniti, Corso di diritto parlamentare , Bologna, ; T.
Cicconetti, Diritto parlamentare , Giappichelli, Turin, ; E. Colarullo, La rappresentanza politica e le forme di governo , Giappichelli, Turin, For an overall but concise view of Italian Administrative Law, the following can usefully be referred to: Cassese, Le basi del diritto amministrativo , Einaudi, Turin,;and V.
Potenza, Manuale di diritto amministrativo , Editori vari, ;V. Sorace, Diritto delle amministrazioni pubbliche. Una introduzione , Il Mulino, Bologna, ; F. Scoca a cura di , Diritto amministrativo , Giappichelli, Turin, ; G. Corso, Manuale di diritto amministrativo , Giappichelli, Turin, ; E. Caringella, Manuale di diritto amministrativo , Dike Giuridica, Rome, The main journals in which authoritative contributions in the sector of public law are published include the following: From the point of view of the legal history of Italian public law, the work entitled Il Parlamento italiano.
In choosing one edition rather than another, the accuracy of the transcription of the official text, its updating with the later provisions of repealing laws or the amendment of individual articles and with the abrogating decisions of the Constitutional Court and the selection of the main special laws found in the appendix to the Code must all be kept in mind. Granelli, who have, in turn, coordinated more than one hundred authors, chosen among the greatest experts in the various sectors of civil law.
The work, published in and only available on CD-ROM, contains comments on all the articles of the Civil Code updated with the introduction of the most recent legislation and case law. Special attention is paid to the articles of Book V, the object of the recent company law reform, in force since 1st January , including the Ministerial Report by way of explanation and comment.
Furthermore, there are editions of the Civil Code in which, in correspondence to each article, information is briefly given on the main trends in case law and legal authority. Among these, we would only like to mention here the Commentario al Codice civile by P. For a detailed view of civil law matters through knowledge about the preparatory work behind the drafting of the Civil Code, it is necessary to consult the work in six volumes by Pandolfelli, Scarpello, et al. Other Laws of Civil Law Interest Here, reference should be made to a specialized journal entitled Le nuove leggi civili commentate CEDAM, Padua , which publishes, on a quarterly basis, a selection of legislative instruments relating to the material, supplementing them with in-depth comments relating to both the laws as a whole and to the individual articles of which they are composed.
Private Collections of Thematic Legislation Also in the field of private law, there are additions to periodical publications which, under the general name of "Codes", collect together all the legislation relating to specific topics, such as renting "Code of Renting" , labour "Code of Labour Laws" , etc. Civil Law Jurisprudence With specific reference to civil law case law, there are Journals and "Massimari", Digests and Reviews, edited by the major Italian publishing houses specialised in this legal domain.
The following journals contain civil law case law: Other journals specialised by subject matter dedicate a special section to the publication of decisions relating to that subject matter. Wehave set out here a basic list of these journals: The Reviews are characterised by the fact that they contain a logical and systematic description of the case law.
Two large works, published in many volumes but still a long way from completion, need to be mentioned in specific reference to civil law matters: Civil Law Legal Authority Handbooks: We will mention only the most important and popular titles: Alpa, Istituzioni di diritto privato Zanichelli, Bologna, ; P. Rescigno, Manuale del diritto privato italiano Jovene, Naples, ; A.
Trabucchi, Istituzioni di diritto civile edited by G. Schlesinger, Istituzioni di diritto privato edited by F. The following works are dedicated to commercial law as a subdivision of private law: Belviso, Manuale di diritto commerciale Morano, Naples, ; F. Ferri, Manuale di diritto commerciale edited by C. Instead,the following have labour law as their specific: Mazzotta, Manuale di diritto del lavoro Cedam, Padua, Theseare mainly aimed at those practising the law judges, attorneys, public notaries, etc.
Within the ambit of the vast amount of literature existing on the Civil Code, we recommend: Galgano, Diritto civile e commerciale up-dated by N. The series of volumes by different authors, organised on the basis of a plan, which provides for overall coverage of the disciplinary area under consideration also belong to the category of Treatises. In this regard, we are able to cite several works of great scientific importance as well as having a considerably broad coverage although all still remain unfinished: Other Treatises have for their object only some of the specific sectors within civil law, such as the Trattato di diritto commerciale e di diritto pubblico dell ' economia , directed by F.
The most widely used work among lawyers practising Italian private law is, undoubtedly, the Commentario del codice civile Scialoja e Branca , directed by F. Furthermore, we must point out here the Commentario del codice civile directed by E. In general legal Encyclopedias, the single topics of interest to the civil lawyer are also dealt with and subdivided under "headings", set out in alphabetical order and containing a broad treatment of the individual themes being examined.
For the main encyclopedias, see those that have already been discussed here in relation to Italian law in general. The following journals are among the main Italian private law journals: Thereare also numerous journals specializing in specific sectors of private law. Apart from those already cited as also being important for the case law they contain, the following belong to this category: Monographs, usually published as part of a "Series" of specialised publications edited by University Faculties or scientific Institutes, deal in-depth with specific themes within the branch of the law under consideration.
Because they are the result of legal research, they play an essential role in setting out in a systematic fashion the problems dealt with on each occasion, proposing paths for investigation and, sometimes, even methods and original solutions. Volumes, which collect together the contributions of more than one author or the Proceedings of Conferences, may also be of a monographic kind, in the sense of referring to a single main topic. Intellectual Property Law According to the common systematics, the intellectual property - its rules and its instruments of protection - is structured in 2 parts: The first one protects any kind of inventions, in every field of technology, which are new, involve an innovative step and are susceptible of industrial application art.
The second one safeguards every kind of intellectual creations, regarding music, literature, figurative arts, theatre and cinema, regardless of any form or way of expression art. The regulation of the intellectual property in the Italian system comes from three sources: EU's rules As regards the internal rules, the industrial property law is regulated by the Industrial Property Code d. The Code is structured in eight parts and contemplates several kinds of industrial patents and trademarks.
As regards the international conventional rules, in Italy signed the European Patent Convention and joined the E. As regards the EU's rules, we have to distinguish between the trademark regulation and the patent one. On the one hand, the EU introduced a European common regulation of trademarks in The current regulation of the EU trademark is provided by CE reg.
On the other hand, any EU's common regulation has come into force yet about industrial patents.
UPDATE: Guide to Italian Legal Research and Resources on the Web
Since , the UE's Council started an enforced cooperation about industrial property law and industrial patents in particular. Italy joined the enforced cooperation about the European uuniform patent regulatioon in September The Civil Procedure Code The sources of regulation of the civil trial are: Further Sources Several other special laws regulate the Italian civil trial in specific matters.
The Civil Code, first of all, contains many rules about the jurisdictional protection of rights artt. We can remember Law n. All the just mentioned sources are out of the Code and regulate the Italian civil trial in specific matters. The goal of the PCT is to develop a complete system of informatic instruments, rules and proceedings in order to allow the informatization of the civil trial. After a sperimental phase, the PCT came into force on the 30 th of June and is now running in every Court in the country. As regards the source of regulation of the PCT, we have to refer to L.
As regards the informatic instruments the PCT is based on, they're essentially these ones: Since the 30th of June , lawyers have to deposit jurisdictional acts and documents next to the introducing ones only through the PCT system. Criminal Law Legislation Withinthe sphere of Italian criminal law, on the basis of the "principle of the legislature's exclusive power to create crimes", the legislature is reserved legislative monopoly in the field: As a result, both non-written sources and sources written in a different way from laws or "acts non-comparable to them" are excluded as criminal law sources.
With this last expression, we are referring, within the Italian legal order, to so called "material laws", consisting of acts passed by bodies different from the legislature, but having the "force of law". In particular, the term includes: All the other legislative acts of the Executive namely, "Regulations" and "Ordinances" cannot constitute Criminal Law sources. Royal Decree of 19 October , No. It was integrated then by the Co-ordinating and Transitory Provisions R. Specific amendments were brought about by the Constitutional Court, in conformity with its recognised powers within the Italian legal order.
The Criminal Code is a pre-eminent part of so-called "Ordinary Criminal Law", in consideration of the fact that most of its provisions apply to all parties indiscriminately. Apartfrom the Criminal Code , we need to cite the legal system relating to prisons Law 26 July , No. Ardizzone, who have, in turn co-ordinated a large group of professors, attorneys and judges. The paper-based work, to which the CD-ROM is appended, is structured as a commentary, in the sense that article by article it offers a very strict and in-depth analysis of the legislative provisions, taking into due consideration the contributions of greatest interest found in the most important legal authority and case law on questions of law and on the merits.
On the CD-ROM, it is possible to display through hypertext tools all the "massime" case law abstracts of the cited cases and all the legislative references inserted in the comment. In this way, it is easy to carry out an entire series of searches, which also enable the work to be consulted in a transversal way. This Law, together with D. Decree of the President of the Republic 27 October , No. Within the sphere of criminal law case law and legal authority, we shall only point out here some of the main Italian journals dealing specifically with the subject matter, noting that many of them take into consideration not only case law and legal authority, but also legislation on the matter.
The bimonthly journal Archivio della nuova procedura penale La Tribuna, Piacenza covers both legislation and case law and legal authority, not only within procedural criminal law but also substantive criminal law, criminological sciences and forensic medicine; Archivio penale ESI - Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane, Naples , during the fifty years of its existence , as a "quarterly publication on special and comparative criminal law, procedure and legislation" has also had as its object the analysis of both legislation and case law and legal authority relating to the matters indicated here.
The following journals have an even more specific thematic approach, within the sphere of criminal law materials: Among the most recent and authoritative handbooks on criminal law, we shall only mention the following here: Antolisei, Manuale di diritto penale , Parte generale revised by L. Parte generale , Zanichelli, Bologna, The Italian Constitution The Criminal Proceeding Code: In particular, it introduced the accusatory principles, in substitution of the inquisitory ones, and the separation between the inquiring and the judging functions; 3.
Portals Like search engines or directories , portals appear, from a certain point of view, to be in contradiction with the philosophy of the Internet. Their objective is, in fact, to structure and to give a hierarchy to information in a world characterized by nets and a horizontal nature. In fact, it is not very easy to give an exhaustive definition to a term which is currently much abused [ [1] ] and which includes sites with very different features under the same label.
The closest definition we have been able to find is the following: Normattiva, among institutional portals; FiloDiritto and IusSeek among private portals. By adopting an arbitrary but currently used nomenclature, we cite the following typical terms and expressions: Institutional Portals Among the Institutional Portals, an important place should, undoubtedly, be attributed to the following sites: The Public Administration at the service of the citizen. The "Linea Amica" portal offers the citizen a point of contact with the Public Administration, while at the same time providing a valid support tool and a basic knowledge base.
This goal is pursued by ensuring a high level of usability easy navigation within the portal and quick retrieval of the requested information and accessibility both in terms of structure and content, in compliance with Law No. In the front page of the website we will find the logo of the Linea Amica service and the logo of the initiative promoter Ministry the Ministry for Public Functions and Innovation. The central area of the website is articulated on multiple levels and has dynamic content and different functions depending on the section the user chooses to access.
In the first level, there are the online Help Desk service to help users navigate within the portal and news related to the Public Administration. News that are considered relevant for a continuous updating of the citizen are provided through various channels, such as Textual News and Radio "Pubblica Amministrazione amica" News.
In the second level, the following functional blocks are displayed: Integrated Portal Addresses; "Maps of P. It is subject to the powers and responsibilities of the Prime Minister or of the minister he delegates and is responsible for ensuring the achievement of the objectives of the Italian Digital Agenda in coherence with the European Digital Agenda. It carries out the functions assigned to it by law in order to pursue the highest level of technological innovation in the organization and development of Public Administration at the service of citizens and companies, respecting the principles of legality, impartiality and transparency and adopting efficiency, economy and effectiveness criteria.
The Agency incorporates and inherits the competences previously assigned to the "Agenzia per la diffusione delle tecnologie per l'innovazione" Innovation Technology Dissemination Agency , DigitPA and the "Dipartimento per l'innovazione tecnologica" Technology Innovation Department of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers.
La proprietà intellettuale e i brevetti: Guida pratica (Sanità e Normativa) (Italian Edition)
According to the Statute, which was approved in February , the Agency's aims are: In this Catalog will be documented all the services of the Administrations so as to be able to increase the potential of information and communication technologies in the relation between P. This is a new log in the system that allows citizens and companies to access by means of a single digital identity, from multiple devices computers, tablets, smartphones to all online services of Public Administrations and adherent companies.
With SPID, the dozens of passwords, keys, and codes that are currently in use will no longer be needed. The SPID identity consists of credentials with different characteristics depending on the security level required for access. Home Page of the Portal "Agenzia per l'Italia digitale" 1. It is very rich, well organized and useful not only to the lawyer but also to the citizen. The simplicity of its interface increases its appeal. This Web Site, one of the best Italian legal Web resources, has been deeply modified whether graphically or from the point of view of the contents.
Actually, the HomePage is divided into ten areas: Relevant tags and related legal materials are indicated for each video. Furthermore, there are the "New Codes": From items that identify individual subjects, we can access the relevant Articles, News, and Videos. Get fast, free shipping with Amazon Prime. Get to Know Us. English Choose a language for shopping. Explore the Home Gift Guide. Amazon Music Stream millions of songs. Amazon Advertising Find, attract, and engage customers.
Amazon Drive Cloud storage from Amazon. Alexa Actionable Analytics for the Web. AmazonGlobal Ship Orders Internationally. The site of Parliament is divided into two sectors: Apart from providing information about its role, latest news and press releases, about the work underway as well as initiatives and events, the site of the Chamber of Deputies is especially important for its databases.
The following are the characteristics of the database: The original nucleus, entirely created by the Chamber of Deputies, was made available on the Web through the joint efforts of the Chamber of Deputies, the Supreme Court of Cassation and the Regional Councils. Since , the legislative texts have been directly supplied by the Regions and the Autonomous Provinces. Normative references of the laws are provided by the Supreme Court of Cassation, while the Library of the Chamber of Deputies takes care of the overall management and updating of the database.
Beside providing information about its role, members, work, and guides, the Senate of the Republic site provides a database of bills, which can be searched by number or through a guided search on the basis of the TESEO classification on the XIII and XIV Legislatures; moreover bills of previous Legislatures can be searched. Above all, it is necessary, in relation to the sites of the Ministries, to underline that they constitute an important source of information for the legal and administrative worlds.
Almost in their entirety, the sites of the Ministries are presented as Portals with a variety of very important information and services see, in Appendices , paragraphs 1. The MEF homepage , contains information on the structure and role of the Ministry, and provides information about the Taxation Agencies, the CIPE, the Administration of State Monopolies, and the like, and a list of links — organized by type — to institutional sites.
It also offers a useful sector relating to services, including a guide to the services of the Departments, the calculation of road tax, the duplication of the Tax Code, information on taxation commissions and so on. It also contains a list of sites organized by type and a software sector on fiscal, cadastral and customs matters. From the site of the Ministry, the user can also access the Computer Centre of the Supreme Court, which provides an online service for the consultation of texts of legal interest collected and organized in specialized databases 30 databases storing over 4 million documents.
Access to the databases, regulated by law DPR The link is granted free-of-charge to constitutional, judicial and administrative organs of the State, to judges and to State prosecutors and attorneys; all other users pay an annual subscription fee for access. Currently the Italgiure-Web system is available on the Internet at the site , but is only accessible to ordinary judges while awaiting new ministerial regulations on how private users should be linked to the system.
Of particular importance in this sector are the sites of the independent Authorities and security and supervisory Commissions: These sites generally set out the legislative framework of reference, provisions, recommendations, and give a wide variety of documentation. Other national bodies should also be kept in mind: Among the regions, we would like to focus on the Emilia-Romagna region for its particularly innovative use of the Web.
Not only does this region give the user the possibility to search the full texts of the resolutions of the Regional Council, but it has also created Ermes, which presents itself as an access point able to offer an information path, a guide and a dialogue with users. We have already described the site of the Italian Supreme Court in relation to the Ministry of Justice.
On this matter, it is, however, helpful to refer to another site, because it is more complete and managed by the same official site, namely the Constitutional Court online , co-ordinated by Prof. A search may be carried out on the details of the decision, by key words or through the terms which the parties, the court or the subject matter dealt with may refer to.
The decisions are in full text. It should also be noted that there is a large number of links to Constitutions and Constitutional Courts throughout the world. On this site, the user can generally find, with some exceptions, decisions published after 1 October , and the most important opinions dating from September The most significant decisions deposited between 1 September and 31 May are currently available. The portal of the European Union , accessible in eleven languages, provides the user with a great deal of documentation on what the European Union is, how it functions, and how to live and interact with it.
All Italian universities and public and private law faculties have sites on the Web, containing a great deal of information and documents and with many services for students. The databases and the guides to which users have access free-of-charge are especially important on the site in question. In particular, these include the following. Law and Legal Informatics monographs and periodicals ;.
It also provides information, reviews and lists of sites of interest for lawyers. A database of different kinds of documentation including legislation is also online. The site also has an internal search engine. Its objective is to offer a rapid, complete and user-friendly tool which, on the basis of a selection made at the source, provides with updating made possible through the availability of the material the bibliographical details of legal literature regarding the Law of Economics, published since January Not only the section dedicated to news is interesting, but also the section regarding books, which — thanks to the publishing houses permission — enables users to browse summaries and tables of contents.
Among the publishing houses specialized in the legal sector, we would like to mention: The online catalogue is updated daily with data on all the volumes published, both those currently on the market and those in print in the past. It provides services, texts, periodicals and many offline and online databases which are distributed against payment of a subscription fee.
The following are among the most important services in the legal sector: In particular, with regard to the legislation, it makes the following available to the user: It also furnishes numerous online services: The catalogue, made available by the publishing house, enables the user to consult the electronic cards relating to over published volumes updated in real time.
Simone allows its users to search its Law Codes free-of-charge: Initially divided into frames, more recently it has been the object of a restyling. Today, the site displays a navigation menu subdivided into two large sections: Finally, it provides a newsletter giving the user updated information. Apart from containing a series of important articles and contributions, it presents the annotated Italian Civil Code, the Italian Constitution, and lists of Italian and international sites.
The following can be listed among the typically specialized journals: It contains general and scientific information and information related to the legal world. It is, therefore, a proper electronic journal, among the most prestigious within the Italian legal panorama on the Web, with many articles regarding legal literature, organized by subject matter or argument through a chronological index. Italian labour law, in the traditional sense including industrial relations, employer-employee relations, and social security law, from their domestic and international viewpoints as well as international and comparative labour law.
It also portrays itself as a qualified place for reflection and in-depth study, unique in the Italian editorial panorama, on issues related to intelligence and national security. The Journal publishes essays, forums, interviews, articles, curious historical anecdota, book reviews and bibliographical notes, reports of interventions by important persons from the world of politics, culture and the institutions. It has also edited a full and systematic collection of the Italian and foreign documentation in the sector reports of parliamentary and governmental organs, bills regarding intelligence bodies, legislation and jurisprudence of interest.
The second section is subdivided into three columns: The second reports events, such as conferences, debates or the publication of books.
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It is structured in four sectors: It is divided into several sections including: Ettore Giannantonio, who dedicated many years to the study of this topic. It is rich in information, case law and legislation on the environment contributing to the discussion on this topic, and also has a newsletter which keeps users up-to-date on what is happening in the field. Many libraries, especially if they are of a certain importance, like university libraries, have transformed their catalogues into databases, usually making them available to the user free-of-charge.
There are now also groups of these under the same organization which has created collective catalogues or MetaOPACs. By way of example, we can cite the virtual catalogue Cultural Site of the Tuscany Region , which permits this type of search in simple or advanced mode within a large number of Libraries in the Provinces and in the Universities within the Region. It is a network of Italian Libraries created by the Ministry for Cultural Heritage in collaboration with the Regions and Universities; currently, it provides access to the bibliographical news which is periodically downloaded from the databases of the SBN Index: At present, the catalogue contains about 9 million localizations and 4.
The initiative falls within the framework of the reform of the Italian Public Administration aimed at guaranteeing transparency and simplification in its relationship with citizens. To better understand its importance, it is worthwhile mentioning that, in November , the Assembly of the Italian Chamber of Deputies passed a resolution regarding Government policy in which the NIR Project was given the highest priority within the ambit of initiatives for administrative simplification.
April 9, ;. The Italian Supreme Court of Cassation was a pioneer in the sector: From onwards, there was a gradual incrementation and consolidation of the system and definition of the access modes, provided free-of-charge for the Central Administrations and against payment for other user groups. At present, the possibility of consulting it is reserved only for users who have the right to link up free-of-charge and it will be come into effect through a gradual release organized by categories.
The ItalgiureWeb documentation system includes 41 databases, with a total of over 4 million documents. In particular, in the field of international and European Community legislation there are: In the field of national and regional legislation there are: In the field of national, Community and foreign jurisprudence there are: Ministerial circulars databases include: Ministerial circulars published in the Official Gazette since 1st January ;.
National and international legal authority databases include: It is organized in two sub-databases that can be searched independently: It also contains the titles of articles of legal authority from up until now;. Information, documentation and utility databases include: This is one of the tools being experimented with at ITTIG, the objective of which is to give unified access to material relating to legal authority distributed on the Web by different public or private, institutional, scientific and commercial organizations to provide a series of specialist services forums, distribution of documents, data interchange, etc.
It applies the rules of the legislation in force so the users are given a complete and effective picture;. It is an integrated software environment for lawyers, which has the important added value provided by a communication environment, based on Internet, allowing lawyers to link up and exchange information with the Court Offices;.
Jurisprudence, Bibliography, Legislation, Forms. This work contains all the jurisprudence, the legislation and the bibliography regarding the civil, criminal and bankruptcy regulation of companies, co-operatives and consortia. Italian laws in their current and co-ordinated version, with comment on the jurisprudence of all the Highest Courts;. The published documentation is appropriately classified and linked through a system of logical links and references;.
Among the best services available, we would like to mention not only that offered by Google , which through a special search engine enables the user to carry out a full text search within the messages, but also that offered by Arianna. Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri.
Ministero degli affari esteri. Ministero del commercio internazionale. Ministero dello sviluppo economico. Ministero delle infrastrutture e dei trasporti. Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione. Ministero del Lavoro e della Previdenza Sociale. Ministero delle politiche agricole e forestali. Commissione Europea — Rappresentanza in Italia. Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali. Conferenza dei Presidenti delle Regioni e delle Province autonome.
Corte Suprema di Cassazione. Associazione italiana della comunicazione pubblica e istituzionale. Consiglio Nazionale del Notariato. EuroJuris Italia — Gli studi legali italiani in Europa. The Cardozo Electronic Law Bulletin. Rassegna di giurisprudenza comunitaria e diritto europeo. Il portale del giurista - rivista giuridica telematica. Guida al Diritto on line — Il Sole Ore. Rivista di Informatica, Telematica e Diritto. Rivista Internazionale di Informatica e Diritto. InterLex — Diritto, Tecnologia, Informazione. Guida aggiornata per aree tematiche su tutta la normativa italiana ed europea.
Rivista Internet di diritto pubblico. Le Nuove Voci del Diritto. Rubrica settimanale di dottrina. Palomar — Osservatorio di diritto costituzionale. Quotidiano di diritto e delle nuove tecnologie informatiche. Censis — Centro Studi Investimenti Sociali. Portale giuridico delle nuove tecnologie. Legislazione e Giurisprudenza italiana inerenti al Diritto di Internet. Internet e le sue leggi.
theranchhands.com: Law - Italian: Kindle Store
JeI — Jus e Internet. Leggiweb — Leggi italiane. Dipartimento Ambiente - Bologna. Contratti del settore pubblico [Aran]. Contratti e accordi collettivi di lavoro [CNEL]. Gazzette, leggi e normative [Rete civica Aesinet]. Leggi Regionali [Camera dei Deputati]. Normativa europea [Unione Europea]. Normativa comunitaria e internazionale, codici e leggi nazionali e regionali, contratti collettivi — ItalgiureWeb [Ced-Cassazione]. Giurisprudenza comunitaria [Unione Europea]. Giurisprudenza costituzionale [Corte Costituzionale]. Giurisprudenza costituzionale [Consulta Online].
Giurisprudenza della Cassazione e delle altre supreme Corti,. Atti di controllo e di indirizzo politico. Altalex — Quotidiano di informazione giuridica. Erga Omnes — Diritto alla fonte. IusReporter — esplorazioni giuridiche. Kataweb — i portali giuridici. NIR — Norme in Rete. Corte dei Conti Europea. Banca europea per gli investimenti. Fondo europeo per gli investimenti. Comitato economico e sociale. Europol — European Police Office. The repeal can be expressed by an explicit statement of legislator or implied because of inconsistency with subsequent law.
Moreover it can be a consequence of referendum or due to intrinsic causes special laws issued for a limited period or in particular circumstances. Appello nominale [Roll call]: It consists in the calling in alphabetical order of each single Member of Parliament, who is expected to openly and publicly cast his or her vote. Assemblea costituente [Constituent Assembly]: Associazione Nazionale Magistrati [A. Atti di alta amministrazione [Upper Administrative Acts]: Atti aventi valore di legge [Legally binding Acts]: They are characterized by the fact that, although having all the effects of law, they are limited in terms of their duration or in what they regulate.
Atti di concerto [Collegial Acts]: Atti di controllo [Controlling Acts]: Atti definitivi [Definitive Acts]: Atti generali [General Acts]: Public Administration acts dealing with general or abstract matters that apply to an indeterminate number of parties.
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Atti giuridici [Legal Acts]: Atti giuridici comunitari [European Community Legal Acts]: Atti ispettivi del Parlamento [Parliamentary Inspecting Acts]: In certain cases they take on a preventive form in order to solicit a decision such as, for example, in the case of parliamentary questions. Atti normativi [Normative Acts]: Atti parlamentari [Parliamentary Acts]: Parliamentary acts also include summary reports of Committee meetings, that contain all the bills presented in the Houses.
Atti politici [Political Acts]: Atto unilaterale [Unilateral Act]: It stands for the particular condition of certain public bodies that are permitted to administer themselves by means of internal institutions and procedures. Autonomie locali [Autonomous Local Bodies]: Bicameralismo perfetto [Pure Bicameralism]: Bilancio dello Stato [State Budget]: Bollettino Ufficiale [Official Bulletin]: Casellario giudiziale [Criminal Records Office]: Coalizione di Governo [Government Coalition]: It pursues a coordinated and common political line with respect to the political Parties that it comprehends.
Civil Code, Penal Code, etc. Comitato delle Regioni [Committee of the Regions]: It is made up of the representatives of Local and Regional Councils and it is nominated on the basis of proposals from the respective Member-States. Comitato Regionale di Controllo [CO. CO — Regional Inspection Committee]: Regional body, regulated by State Law, that inspects the legitimacy of Provincial and Communal acts. Commissione europea [European Commission]: Consigli giudiziari [Judicial Councils]: They have an administrative character, that is compulsorily determined by Law and they are competent for all magistrates of the District.
Consiglio comunale [Communal Council]: The Communal Council represents the local community by which it is directly elected. It has duties of policy and of political-administrative control. European Community organ which has important functions with regard to the creation of legal acts and treaties. Its presidency is assigned on a six-month in rotation to each Member-State of the European Union. Consiglio di gabinetto [Cabinet Council]: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [C.
CNR has the legal status of a public organization, and defines for itself autonomous rules and regulations, in accordance with the existing laws and the Civil Code. Consiglio notarile [Notarial Council]: Consiglio provinciale [Provincial Council]: Consiglio regionale [Regional Council]: It has normative and administrative competencies as well as organizational, financial and book-keeping autonomy.
Consiglio di sicurezza [Security Council]: Consiglio di Stato [Council of State]: As a jurisdictional organ, it is competent to re-examine on second level the judgements pronounced by the Regional Administrative Tribunals TAR. Consiglio Superiore della Magistratura [C. It is a self-governing body of the Magistracy. It issues orders for the appointment, assignment, transfer and promotion of magistrates judges and public prosecutors together with having responsibility for disciplinary judgements.
There are also thirty elected members holding office for four years: It is a primary level source in the hierarchy of norms of the international legal system. Consultazione popolare [Popular Consultation]: Corte Costituzionale [Constitutional Court]: The Court is made up of fifteen judges holding office for nine years. It is made up of three judges. It has territorial jurisdiction within its own District, generally corresponding to a Region. The Court is normally located in the Region capital. Court with ordinary jurisdiction in criminal matters with competence to try a number of serious offences at first instance.
In carrying out their functions the jurors have equal status to the Court judges: Corte dei Conti [Court of Accounts]: It is responsible for checking the legitimacy of the activities of the Government and of the Public Administration. It is also responsible for checking the management of the accounts of the State, of the Public Administrations generally and of the bodies subsidized by the State.