The Cheshire Cat appears in a tree, directing her to the March Hare 's house. He disappears but his grin remains behind to float on its own in the air prompting Alice to remark that she has often seen a cat without a grin but never a grin without a cat. Alice becomes a guest at a "mad" tea party along with the March Hare , the Hatter , and a very tired Dormouse who falls asleep frequently, only to be violently awakened moments later by the March Hare and the Hatter. The characters give Alice many riddles and stories, including the famous ' Why is a raven like a writing desk? Alice becomes insulted and tired of being bombarded with riddles and she leaves claiming that it was the stupidest tea party that she had ever been to.
Alice leaves the tea party and enters the garden where she comes upon three living playing cards painting the white roses on a rose tree red because The Queen of Hearts hates white roses. A procession of more cards, kings and queens and even the White Rabbit enters the garden. Alice then meets the King and Queen. The Queen, a figure difficult to please, introduces her trademark phrase "Off with his head!
Alice is invited or some might say ordered to play a game of croquet with the Queen and the rest of her subjects but the game quickly descends into chaos. Live flamingos are used as mallets and hedgehogs as balls and Alice once again meets the Cheshire Cat. The Queen of Hearts then orders the Cat to be beheaded, only to have her executioner complain that this is impossible since the head is all that can be seen of him.
Because the cat belongs to the Duchess, the Queen is prompted to release the Duchess from prison to resolve the matter. The Duchess is brought to the croquet ground at Alice's request.
She ruminates on finding morals in everything around her. The Queen of Hearts dismisses her on the threat of execution and she introduces Alice to the Gryphon , who takes her to the Mock Turtle. The Mock Turtle is very sad, even though he has no sorrow. He tries to tell his story about how he used to be a real turtle in school, which the Gryphon interrupts so they can play a game. Chapter Ten — Lobster Quadrille: Chapter Eleven — Who Stole the Tarts?
Alice attends a trial whereby the Knave of Hearts is accused of stealing the Queen's tarts. The jury is composed of various animals, including Bill the Lizard , the White Rabbit is the court's trumpeter, and the judge is the King of Hearts. During the proceedings, Alice finds that she is steadily growing larger. The dormouse scolds Alice and tells her she has no right to grow at such a rapid pace and take up all the air.
Alice scoffs and calls the dormouse's accusation ridiculous because everyone grows and she cannot help it. Meanwhile, witnesses at the trial include the Hatter, who displeases and frustrates the King through his indirect answers to the questioning, and the Duchess's cook. Chapter Twelve — Alice's Evidence: Alice is then called up as a witness. She accidentally knocks over the jury box with the animals inside them and the King orders the animals be placed back into their seats before the trial continues. The King and Queen order Alice to be gone, citing Rule 42 "All persons more than a mile high to leave the court" , but Alice disputes their judgement and refuses to leave.
She argues with the King and Queen of Hearts over the ridiculous proceedings, eventually refusing to hold her tongue. The Queen shouts her familiar "Off with her head! Alice's sister wakes her up from a dream, brushing what turns out to be some leaves and not a shower of playing cards from Alice's face. Alice leaves her sister on the bank to imagine all the curious happenings for herself.
Alice Liddell herself is there, while Carroll is caricatured as the Dodo because Dodgson stuttered when he spoke, he sometimes pronounced his last name as Dodo-Dodgson.
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It has been suggested by some writers that The Hatter is a reference to Theophilus Carter , a furniture dealer known in Oxford. Tenniel apparently drew the Hatter to resemble Carter, on a suggestion of Carroll's. These are the Liddell sisters: The Mock Turtle speaks of a Drawling-master, "an old conger eel", who came once a week to teach "Drawling, Stretching, and Fainting in Coils". This is a reference to the art critic John Ruskin , who came once a week to the Liddell house to teach the children drawing , sketching , and painting in oils.
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The children did, in fact, learn well; Alice Liddell, for one, produced a number of skilful watercolours. The Mock Turtle also sings "Turtle Soup". Most of the book's adventures may have been based on and influenced by people, situations and buildings in Oxford and at Christ Church, e. A carving of a griffon and rabbit, as seen in Ripon Cathedral , where Carroll's father was a canon, may have provided inspiration for the tale. Since Carroll was a mathematician at Christ Church , it has been suggested [23] [24] that there are many references and mathematical concepts in both this story and Through the Looking-Glass ; examples include:.
Literary scholar Melanie Bayley asserted in the magazine New Scientist that Dodgson wrote Alice in Wonderland in its final form as a scathing satire on new modern mathematics that were emerging in the midth century. It has been suggested by several people, including Martin Gardner and Selwyn Goodacre, [23] that Dodgson had an interest in the French language, choosing to make references and puns about it in the story. It is most likely that these are references to French lessons—a common feature of a Victorian middle-class girl's upbringing. For example, in the second chapter Alice posits that the mouse may be French.
She therefore chooses to speak the first sentence of her French lesson-book to it: Pat's "Digging for apples" could be a cross-language pun , as pomme de terre literally; "apple of the earth" means potato and pomme means apple. In the second chapter, Alice initially addresses the mouse as "O Mouse", based on her memory of the noun declensions "in her brother's Latin Grammar , 'A mouse — of a mouse — to a mouse — a mouse — O mouse!
The sixth case, mure ablative is absent from Alice's recitation.
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In the eighth chapter, three cards are painting the roses on a rose tree red, because they had accidentally planted a white-rose tree that The Queen of Hearts hates. Red roses symbolised the English House of Lancaster , while white roses were the symbol for their rival House of York. This scene is an allusion to the Wars of the Roses. While the book has remained in print and continually inspires new adaptations, the cultural material that it references has become largely specialized knowledge.
Dr Leon Coward asserts the book 'suffers' from "readings which reflect today's fascination with postmodernism and psychology, rather than delving into an historically informed interpretation," and speculates that this has been partly driven by audiences encountering the narrative through a 'second-hand' source, explaining "our impressions of the original text are based on a multiplicity of reinterpretations.
We don't necessarily realise we're missing anything in understanding the original product, because we're usually never dealing with the original product. Carina Garland notes how the world is "expressed via representations of food and appetite", naming Alice's frequent desire for consumption of both food and words , her 'Curious Appetites'.
After the riddle "Why is a raven like a writing-desk? Nina Auerbach discusses how the novel revolves around eating and drinking which "motivates much of her [Alice's] behaviour", for the story is essentially about things "entering and leaving her mouth". The manuscript was illustrated by Dodgson himself who added 37 illustrations—printed in a facsimile edition in The first print run was destroyed or sold to America [32] at Carroll's request because he was dissatisfied with the quality. The book was reprinted and published in John Tenniel 's illustrations of Alice do not portray the real Alice Liddell , who had dark hair and a short fringe.
Alice has provided a challenge for other illustrators, including those of by Charles Pears and the full series of colour plates and line-drawings by Harry Rountree published in the inter-War Children's Press Glasgow edition. Other significant illustrators include: The book Alice in Wonderland failed to be named in an poll of the most popular children's stories.
Generally it received poor reviews with reviewers giving more credit to Tenniel's illustrations than to Carroll's story. At the release of Through the Looking-Glass , the first Alice tale gained in popularity and by the end of the 19th century Sir Walter Besant wrote that Alice in Wonderland "was a book of that extremely rare kind which will belong to all the generations to come until the language becomes obsolete".
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland - Wikipedia
The first print run of 2, was held back because Tenniel objected to the print quality. The text blocks of the original edition were removed from the binding and sold with Dodgson's permission to the New York publishing house of D. The binding for the Appleton Alice was virtually identical to the Macmillan Alice , except for the publisher's name at the foot of the spine. The title page of the Appleton Alice was an insert cancelling the original Macmillan title page of , and bearing the New York publisher's imprint and the date The entire print run sold out quickly.
Alice was a publishing sensation, beloved by children and adults alike.
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Among its first avid readers were Queen Victoria [35] and the young Oscar Wilde. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland has been translated into at least 97 languages, [37] or as many as languages. The book is commonly referred to by the abbreviated title Alice in Wonderland , which has been popularised by the numerous stage, film and television adaptations of the story produced over the years.
The following list is a timeline of major publication events related to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland:. The book has inspired numerous film and television adaptations which have multiplied as the original work is now in the public domain in all jurisdictions. The following list is of direct adaptations of Adventures in Wonderland sometimes merging it with Through the Looking-Glass , not other sequels or works otherwise inspired by the works such as Tim Burton 's film Alice in Wonderland:.
Alice in Wonderland was a comic strip adaptation drawn by Edward D. Kuekes and written by Olive Ray Scott. This version also featured a " topper " strip, Knurl the Gnome. The strip was distributed by United Feature Syndicate. The first full major production of 'Alice' books during Carroll's lifetime was Alice in Wonderland , a musical play by H. As the book and its sequel are Carroll's most widely recognised works, they have also inspired numerous live performances, including plays, operas, ballets, and traditional English pantomimes.
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These works range from fairly faithful adaptations to those that use the story as a basis for new works. This adaptation is not faithful to the books, but rather explores Alice's journey into adulthood while incorporating allusions to the history of Czech Republic. Over the years, many notable people in the performing arts have been involved in Alice productions. Actress Eva Le Gallienne famously adapted both Alice books for the stage in ; this production has been revived in New York in and Elizabeth Swados wrote the book, lyrics, and music.
Performed on a bare stage with the actors in modern dress, the play is a loose adaptation, with song styles ranging the globe. A community theater production of Alice was Olivia de Havilland 's first foray onto the stage. Similarly, the operatic production Alice used both Alice books as its inspiration. Although the original production in Hamburg , Germany, received only a small audience, Tom Waits released the songs as the album Alice in A musical adaption was written by Michael Sirotta and Heather M. Dominick in , titled Alice in Wonderland, a Musical Adventure. The ballet was based on the novel Wheeldon grew up reading as a child and is generally faithful to the original story, although some critics claimed it may have been too faithful.
The ballet returned to the Royal Opera House in Alice and the rest of Wonderland continue to inspire or influence many other works of art to this day, sometimes indirectly via the Disney movie , for example. References, homages, reworkings and derivative works can be found in many works of literature, film, theatre, visual art, music, and games. The character of the plucky, yet proper, Alice has proven immensely popular and inspired similar heroines in literature and pop culture, many also named Alice in homage. The cover illustration, by E. Alice in wonderland by Gertrude A. An illustration by Karl Beutel.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Alice in Wonderland disambiguation. Donald Sutherland has a magical chance meeting with Jeanne Moreau in front of a book store, and there's an elaborate, surreal scene of war on Hollywood Boulevard as seen through the jaundiced eye of a movie camera. A prickly bit of overstated authority on the U. Everyday scenes of family life house hunting, grocery shopping, etc. Enjoy a night in with these popular movies available to stream now with Prime Video.
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