Zenker Diverticulum - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf
It was named in by German pathologist Friedrich Albert von Zenker. In simple words, when there is excessive pressure within the lower pharynx , the weakest portion of the pharyngeal wall balloons out, forming a diverticulum which may reach several centimetres in diameter.
More precisely, while traction and pulsion mechanisms have long been deemed the main factors promoting development of a Zenker's diverticulum, current consensus considers occlusive mechanisms to be most important: Thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus are the superior and inferior parts of inferior constrictor muscle of pharynx respectively. The result is an outpouching of the posterior pharyngeal wall, just above the esophagus. Rarer forms of cervical esophageal diverticula are the Killian's diverticulum and the Laimer's diverticulum.
Hans Zenker
Killian's diverticulum is formed in the Killian-Jamiseon triangle located inferior to the cricopharyngeus on both sides of this muscle's insertion into the cricoid cartilage. Laimer's diverticulum is formed in Laimer's triangle located inferior to the cricopharyngeus in the posterior midline above the confluence of the longitudinal layer of esophageal muscle. Laimer's triangle is covered only by the circular layer of esophageal muscle.
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A combination of the simple barium swallow and a thorough endoscopy will normally confirm the diverticulum. If small and asymptomatic, no treatment is necessary.
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Larger, symptomatic cases of Zenker's diverticulum have been traditionally treated by neck surgery to resect the diverticulum and incise the cricopharyngeus muscle. However, in recent times non-surgical endoscopic techniques have gained more importance as they allow for much faster recovery , and the currently preferred treatment is endoscopic stapling [5] [6] i. This may be performed through a diverticuloscope.
Friedrich Albert von Zenker
Other methods include fibreoptic diverticular repair. Other non-surgical treatment modalities also exist, such as endoscopic laser, which recent evidence suggests is less effective than stapling. Zenker's diverticulum mainly affects older adults. It has an incidence of 2 per , per year in the UK, but there is significant geographical variation around the world. In that year he published " Ueber die Trichinenkrankheit des Menschen " in volume xviii of Virchows Archiv.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The standard author abbreviation F. Zenker is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
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