I mean did you had enough number of people for your data. The data source of the study is the Kurdish immigrant community in Austria. As has been mentioned, data are drawn from young Kurdish-German bilingual children. The subjects of the study are pre-school Kurdish-German bilingual children from the Iraqi members of the Kurdish immigrant community in Austria. The only particular criterion which was relevant for choosing the participants was age; all the target-subjects of the study are pre-school bilingual children, aged 2 to 6. The total number of subjects of the study was 12 children.
And the total time of tape-recording of their spontaneous speech was minutes.
Ultimately from the transcript of the recordings I got about 50 pages of collected code-switching data which was quite enough for the study. How large is the Kurdish immigrant community in Austria? Did you contact the Kurdish community in Germany for your research? If not, will please tell us why? The members of the community are somehow newcomers in Austria. At the beginning of the s and after the first Gulf War against Iraq, early members of the community- namely the first generation arrived or fled to Austria as asylum seekers.
Thus the community had its beginnings in the middle of the s. However, compared to other ethnic communities, e. In Austria, Kurds are a minority among the immigrants. However, it is difficult to give statistics, showing the number of immigrant Kurds in Austria and in Europe in general.
Since Kurds do not have an independent state and live in the four mentioned countries, statistic makes on Kurdish immigrants in Europe are included in the statistics on Iraqis, Turks, Syrians, and Iranians. The case of the Kurdish community in Europe differs from other immigrant communities in a crucial way, especially for the first generation of the community. Almost all members of the first generation of the community arrived Austria as asylum seekers and not as immigrants or workers, consequently this fact gives the community the status of an asylum community rather than an immigrant community.
During my field work observations I contacted the community and the subjects in Kurdish not in German. Simply because the dominant language within the community is Kurdish and also for the children the choice of Kurdish code is a norm, though they switch very often from Kurdish to German. Furthermore as a member of the community and keeping speak Kurdish to them, I had the chance to build up confidence and a certain social binding with the families and especially with their young children, who were the subjects of the study.
This was important so as to make the children get accustomed to my presence, so that they did not feel uncomfortable and thus produce less output or less natural data. How can I get a copy of your book? Please write who is the publisher and how can someone buy the book or is it available in Uni bibliothek. Peter Lang is an international academic publisher with its head office in Bern, Switzerland.
It publishes predominantly in English, though also in German, French and occasionally other languages. Books are distributed directly from Switzerland and are not usually available in bookshops. Primary markets are university libraries of Europe and North America.
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The book can be ordered online, regardless of whether you want the print or the electronic format. The book is a modified version of my Master thesis. But for my next research project within a PhD dissertation I want to do a similar research, primarily a sociolinguistic study on Kurdish-English code-switching data produced by Kurdish pre-school bilingual children in the United Kingdom, then to compare the results of both Kurdish-English and Kurdish-German code-switching data.
The focus would be on the bilingual development and bicultural behaviour of Kurdish immigrant children in Europe. Sie waren abhangig von ihren Eltern und konnten sich nicht anders entscheiden. Wenn sie, wie die Generation "Kofferkinder", in einer transnationalen Kindheit aufgewachsen sind, haben sie vielfache Verluste erlitten und keine Moglichkeit erhalten, diese Verluste zu betrauern.
Bei den Eltern bleiben Schuldgefuhle ebenso abgewehrt wie Trauergefuhle in Bezug auf den Ubergang von einem Land in das andere. Eine spezielle Etikette der Elternverehrung verhindert, dass die Trauer- und Schmerzgefuhle der Kinder anerkannt werden. Viele dieser Kinder leiden an Bindungs- und Beziehungsstorungen, ohne dass ihnen ausreichend bewusst ist, wie diese mit ihrem vielfachen Herausgerissenwerden zusammenhangen. Verbitterung kann dabei ebenso eine Folge sein wie Ruckzug in Beziehungen oder vielfacher Abbruch von Beziehungen.
Trauerarbeit zu leisten und die Erfahrung, Abhangigkeitsbedurfnisse haben zu durfen, konnen in einer psychoanalytischen Langzeittherapie ebenso ermoglicht werden wie die Bewaltigung des Identitatskonflikts zwischen zwei Kulturen. Unlike their parents, many second generation children of immigrants had no conscious aim linked to their migration.
KOFFERKINDER – LEFT BEHIND IN TURKEY
They depended on their parents and could not decide in any other way. If they grew up in a transnational childhood like the "Generation Kofferkinder" suitcase children generation , they suffered from multiple losses and had no chance to mourn these losses. Immigrant parents' feelings of guilt remained repressed as well as the feelings of grief in respect to their migration from one country to another.
A special etiquette of showing reverence to the parents prevents the children's feelings of grief and pain from being appreciated.
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Outwardly adjusted and repressing inner distress, many of these children suffer from attachment disorders and relationship problems without being sufficiently aware of how this is linked with their multiple early disruptions in the relationships. Embitterment can follow as a consequence in the relationship of the generations as well as withdrawal from relationships or multiple breaks in relationships. Being able to mourn and the experience of being allowed to have needs of dependency, can be made possible by psychoanalytic long-term therapy, which also helps to cope with the identity conflict between two cultures.
Grundlage des Vortrags ist die wissenschaftliche Arbeit "Risse in Beziehungen -- Psychoanalytische Psychotherapie mit Migranten der zweiten Generation", die ausgezeichnet wurde mit dem Gaetano-Benedetti-Gedachtnispreis der DPG als beste Kandidatenarbeit zum Kongressthema "heimatlos". Australian College of Physical Education Library. Gale Australian Catholic University. Australian Catholic University Library.
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