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There's a problem loading this menu right now. Learn more about Amazon Prime. Full Text Available Many authors in the last century offer us the possibility to look at romance through their rewriting of Italian tradition, but they also offer the possibility to look at rewriting through romance. A systematic examination of every single work would need an article itself. Here the focus is rather on the phenomenon and its implications with tradition and its transformations; and on the intellectual context where they take place.

Despite the very core of the poetics of rewriting can be located between the Sixties and the Eighties, these palimpsests go further, into the Nineties. From Calvino, Manganelli and Sanguineti, to Celati, Bufalino and Santagata, we are able to look at different declensions of rewriting. Through these texts and the techniques they are built with, it is possible to verify the strength and the qualities of some cultural and intellectual practices, which can be related to a coherent Italian postmodern poetics, which operates through the reuse of traditional materials.

These reuse should be seen — and this is one of the cues and conclusions the article would like to offer — as a vital way of reproducing stories and genres in the postmodern era. O acesso San Marzano apresentou casca com colora. Three Tendencies of Italian Cinema on Art around AbstractThe awareness of a dialogue between two arts, where cinema is not a mere servant of the work or artist represented, but a device that adds something new, had merged in the late 30s, but it will be a decade later when a true golden age of this new genre will arise, centering many of the debates on the possibilities of.

The different kinds of pastrami are sliced by meat industry or in the supermarkets, without concern on possible alterations that may occur in the product. The changes on the total and nitrous meat pigments influence the color of the product, which is detected by the consumer, and thus directly influences the consumption of this kind of product. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of light.

As plantas foram conduzidas sem tutoramento. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of three spacings between plants and three pruning systems in. Full Text Available During post-harvest maturation, different species vary in the length of dormancy breaking or germination increases. Seed dormancy and slow seedling development often limit establishment of forage grass stands. Seed germination and seedling vigour of Italian ryegrass Lolium italicum A. Braun, Synonym Lolium multiflorum L. At each date, seeds were tested for final germination percentage and for seedling vigour traits.

The best germination and vigour of Italian ryegrass and cocksfoot seedlings were between and DAH, which equates to spring sowing time March-April in the succeeding year. The data can serve for the determination of a proper storage duration management between harvest and sowing of the tested species under ambient conditions of south-eastern Europe. Los arditi italianos , de la guerra a la militancia antifascista.

Postwar Arditi became a violent political group in the Italian Army often related directly to Fascism. This articles explores a much more complex reality by focusing on the trajectory of antifascist groups Arditi del popolo, created as a response to Fascism threat. It also highlights both the connections and the disconnections between those former Arditi who supported Fascism and those converted to antifascism. Full Text Available The quality of the relationship teacher-pupil represents a relatively new field of research, both nationally and internationally.

Our principal objective is the development and the evaluation of the Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Pianta, , which aims to assess the quality of the teacher-pupil relationship from the point of view of the latter; our own goal is consequently to recognize the applicability of the STRS to an Italian context, especially by analysing in depth the psychometric characteristics of the Scale.

Thanks to the use of the STRS, it is possible to identify precise relational patterns between teacher and pupil, therefore the questionnaire is of decisive importance both for teachers and for whoever else is involved in the field of primary education. Teacher-pupil relationship, STRS, educational contexts, test. GBS is a Gram positive bacterium located primarly in the gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary system. The presentation of GBS neonatal disease includes pneumonia, respiratory distress and meningitis.

The newborn is colonized during passage through the birth canal. The mother, when colonized, is usually asymptomatic. Infection of GBS from one week to 90 days of age late onset infection results from transmission after birth. In Italy, according to national guidelines of pregnancy , a culture-based screening approach is performed: Full Text Available In the artistic context of the Seventies and Eighties, the Metamorfosi group is a significant example of the commitment by artists — and particularly by four women Gabriella Benedini, Alessandra Bonelli, Lucia Pescador and Alessandra Sterlocchi — to oppose a cultural system dominated by few formations, such as Transavanguardia, which had an undeniable international appeal, but also hindered the development of true alternatives.

Since it only included female artists, Metamorfosi also constitutes an important case study on the role of women in the art milieu of those days, particularly in Italy, where considerations on the natural and social context were more frequent than subjects openly connected with Feminism. Despite the variety of languages, there is a common element in the works of all these artists, that is a poetic and yet pseudoscientific inquiry on nature and the processes of life, as shown in several interesting exhibitions like From Nature to Reason at Palazzo dei Diamanti in Ferrara or Desert: Valutazione del benessere in un gruppo di cani co-terapeuti.

The introduction of animal-assisted therapy with the aim of treating a lot of human pathology, involves hard engagement for all the animals who co-operate in therapeutics session. The dogs were employed in weekly therapeutics sitting Psicoterapia di gruppo ad orientamento psicodinamico: Full Text Available This article examines some theoretical and methodological aspects of research in psychodynamic group psychotherapy. Despite the increasing diffusion of therapeutic groups, the small number of researches on psychodynamic group therapy points out methodological difficulties related to research designs, the presence of several variables and the creation of operational indicators.

The article examines how the recent constitution of an Italian network focused on psychodynamic group psychotherapy research makes it possible to analyze the results of different national groups and compare theoretical and epistemological assumptions and methodological choices that can make the relationship between psychotherapy and research more consistent.

Influenze tra processo ed esiti: It is increasingly important to focus studies on the relationship between process and outcome, especially with regard to psychodynamic group therapy. These treatments, very complex and difficult to operationalize, still pose critical questions for research such as what are the main elements of the therapeutic process that are activated in these therapies?

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Many efforts are to be made in understanding which factors develop in groups and the conditions that positively influence the success of therapy. Important is, moreover, the work of conceptual and "operational" depth on the different constructs, to better understand their nature and differences and build tools to more easily detect their features. Therapeutic alliance and cohesion are among the most investigated process variables, because of their role on the results of therapy. This study investigates these two variables in a therapeutic group with severe patients and analyzes their associations with treatment outcomes in term of symptoms and defenses.

A long-term, semi-open group meeting on a weekly basis was examined. The observation was carried out for a period of 18 months, for a total amount of 50 sessions; 11 patients with different diagnoses in Axis I and II DSM IV were examined. The observation period was divided into 3 phases according to re-modulations of the setting new entries, overcomes, dropout. Significant correlations between alliance, cohesion and outcomes were found in the three phases. During the phase of greater instability, the predominant role of cohesion and, more generally, dimensions related to group commitment emerge.

Results offer interesting suggestions about the differentiation between Alliance and Cohesion and their different relationship with outcomes and process evolution. Il gruppo psicodinamico nelle dipendenze.


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  • According to a psychodynamic approach, SUD and ED, together with psychosomatic disorders, can be defined second level disorders, where symptoms cover an underlying psychic suffering. They can also be considered useful but dysfunctional strategies of self-care and emotional self-regulation. Group analytic therapy represents an effective therapeutic tool for these disorders acting on psychological and relational functioning as well as on symptoms.

    This paper aims at proposing some reflections based on clinical experiences conducted by the Authors during the last few years. Conseguenze psicologiche del terremoto in Emilia Romagna in un gruppo di utenti alcol-tossicodipendenti. Full Text Available The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of distress and the presence of PTSD in a group of alcohol and drug addicted in care at the Service for Addiction in Cento FE after the earthquake in A form for data gathering about case history and two questionnaires GHQ and DTS were administered to 27 users of the service.

    The percentage of the subjects with PTSD and high levels of distress dropped between the two administrations. Although the limitations due to the little sample, the percentage of subjects with PTSD and with high levels of distress are similar to those reported by other authors following an earthquake.

    Full Text Available This text brings to the fore certain matters concerning the relationship between Italian opera singers and members of the Spanish Nobility towards the end of XVIII and the beginning of the XIX centuries, based on the example to be gleaned from the surviving correspondence attributed to the Duquesa de Osuna. The said documentation underlines the importance of the system of patronage and protection accorded to Italian music and musicians in the Iberian Peninsula within the framework of the consolidation of Italian Opera in Spain.

    Despite the liberty enjoyed by non-Spanish musicians they were still obliged to seek out the protection of the most noble families to be found in Spain at that time. The example shown by the Duquesa de Osuna can be seen as emblematic in this regard. A model that could be favourably compared to other relations of patronage and protection as practised in the rest of Europe.

    Il sistema delle orchestre e dei cori giovanili di Abreu nel contesto occidentale. It makes sense to transfer this experience in the wealthy West where the discomfort takes different forms? The answer is positive: The group is a perfect example of positive interdependence, commitment and responsibility, emblem of the community, micro-ideal society. Tolerance, inclusion, shared goals: The System of Abreu is the credible alternative to the traditional way of teaching music, cold and elitist, and it stresses the importance of teachers in their role of great responsibility, both pedagogical and psychological.

    Full Text Available Abstract — In language education for learners of Italian as an L2 it is important to use appropriate didactic strategies. Simplification, in teaching how to understand and produce a text, is very useful. The Italian legislation does not allow for special books for foreign students, therefore simplified materials facilitate the learning process.

    A literacy plan of appropriate lexis, based on basic vocabulary is the first step. It is necessary that teaching makes use of appropriate and understandable aids. Only by being understood can input become intake, that is taken in and reused later on. A written text can prove difficult for many reasons: The indices of readability highlight the difficulty of reading a text that has many unusual, archaic or specialist words or long sentences. Simplification does not indicate a random clearing or reduction of a text.

    According to some researchers, the elimination of complex terms and structures can mean an impoverishment of the input, resulting in an unnatural model text. An alternative approach may be to elaborate a text thus solving the limitations of simplification. However, several studies have shown that, unlike other strategies, such as the modification of a text through elaboration, the production of a simple text, respecting the basic criteria that distinguish a text from a non-text e.

    Full Text Available Abstract — This chapter deals with difficulties and complexity in written institutional communication. Particularly, it focuses on the obstacles that immigrants encounter in decoding institutional texts from the initial stages of integration into the host country. The right to citizenship, the right to health, to work, are achievable only if the input offered to foreign nationals is proportional to the skills needed to decode texts, especially bureaucratic ones, which are often obscure, even for native speakers.

    In this regard, we examine some texts directed to immigrants, to assess the readability, the effectiveness according to the skills acquired and required, to review what is expected of immigrants and how the immigration policies of Italy manage to implement to ensure the active and conscious participation of foreign nationals in public domains: Largo spazio nella preparazione e presentazione dei talk viene dato ai giovani ricercatori. Full Text Available The present essay aims at reviewing the issues and methodologies faced in my PhD research.

    The first step will be the analysis of the theoretical assumptions that underlie the emergence of ballet pantomime and the rediscovery of classical pantomime. The essay will proceed outlining the artistic and cultural landscapes of the two Italian cities examined, Milan and Naples, aiming at defining, from a didactic viewpoint, the teaching of pantomime in the two largest Italian academies, the Teatro alla Scala in Milan and the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples.

    The third step will be the recording of the few references to the mime art contained in the treaties and documents relating to the dance in Italy during the Nineteenth century Carlo Blasis, Vincenzo Buonsignori, Giulio Pompeo Ferrario.

    These references will be compared to the major mime treatises for actors Giovanni Emanuele Bideri, Antonio Morrocchesi, Angelo Canova, Alemanno Morelli and opera singers Manuel Garcia, Fernando Pelzet, Leone Giraldoni, Enrico Serafino Torelli, Augusto Delle Sedie in order to analyze the development of gesture during the Nineteenth century and the different use that each interpreter did of the expressive mime.

    This article aims at showing through examples and didactic activities, how the theater can develop learning Italian as a foreign language together with the intercultural awareness of foreign learners and create contexts for inclusion and learning. Doing theater in a didactic setting and to encourage the inclusion of foreign students is an original and effective method to employ in the school setting. Thanks to this experience the foreigner can learn italian through theater, by learning while having fun.

    Teoria letteraria e scienze cognitive: Full Text Available Il presente saggio propone una rassegna dei principali contributi sul rapporto tra letteratura e scienze cognitive, pubblicati in Italia tra il e il I volumi presi in esame mostrano un ampio spettro di approcci metodologici, tra cui dominano la narratologia e la teoria della ricezione. This paper provides an overview of the main contributions on the relationship between literature and cognitive sciences, published in Italy between and The works examined show a wide spectrum of methodological approaches, dominated by narratology and reception theory.

    With reference to their possible applications in literary criticism, I discuss the most recent results and the prospects in this field of research. Il diritto di voto nell'ordinamento albanese e italiano. Italiano per Cinesi — Didael. Corso di lingua italiana online. Sono disponibili un Glossario, tre diversi tipi di dizionario il dizionario automatico, il dizionario, visuale e il dizionario fraseologico e approfondimenti culturali. This course takes into careful account the distance between the two language types, with grammar fact cards in Chinese and, above all, progression at levels A1 and A2 which is very carefully controlled in order to establish the bases of the Italian language.

    A Glossary, three different types of dictionary an automatic dictionary, a visual dictionary and a dictionary of phrases and cultural details are available. This is a complete course which makes it possible to develop the competences foreseen by the Common European Framework; the teaching pattern is flexible and can be provided in different forms. Antifascismo italiano , volontariato internazionale e guerra civile spagnola.

    Full Text Available Since the end of the civil war the Italian antifascist intervention in Spain has generated several memories often conflicting with each other. Between and the Italian contribution to the republican cause was a joint one, involving all the antifascist political groups as it was for none of the other national groups. Teoria dello sviluppo economico e il caso italiano. Full Text Available In this brief survey, the three most recent contributions to the discussion of growth rate differentials are considered.

    All three, using different arguments, arrive at the conclusion that such a disparity should be considered as exceptional. Some argue, on the one hand, that the highest growth rates have been reached thanks to a very elastic labour supply. On the other hand, it has been maintained that the highest growth rates attained in the postwar period can be explained as being due to exceptional opportunities for the reallocation of resources and economies of scale. Using the recent Italian experience, the author argues that these assumptions of convergence are somewhat dubious.

    Rather, in the long run, fast growing countries will likely reach a stage at which the sectors with a low productivity level will begin to increase again. It is for this reason, more than for the effects of the elasticity of the labour supply, that the convergence of the growth rate assumption would appear to be confirmed. J22, J20, O11, O Giorgio Perlasca, 'Giusto tra le nazioni' e 'eroe italiano '. The author provides a framework of the application of the provisions set up by the legislative decree no.

    L'autore fornisce un quadro di applicazione delle disposizioni istituite dal decreto legislativo n. By taking into consideration the research and surveys carried out by the present writer on some cases of interference cfr. Sileo and Sileo , this study aims to convey the image of AVT translation as a window which puts two different linguo-cultural systems in contact and influences the target language system. The Italian democracy —from the second post-war period to today— has been marked, in the good and in the evil, from the dominant role of the political parties.

    The relationship between Italian democracy and political parties is analyzed on the theoretical, comparative and historical ground. Particularly the difficult passage is examined, still in progress, from the proportional democracy , characterized by the mass parties before and the partitocracy then, to the majority democracy , characterized before by the coalition bipolarism and by the attempt to build majority parties in recent times. In the last part of the article the PDL People of the Liberty, dominated by the populism of Berlusconi, and the PD Democratic Party, initially planned as party of the leader and for this still in crisis, are critically examined.

    The new species belongs to the group of O. Someremarks on the chorology and bioecology of other species of the group are also provided. Italian consensus conference for colonic diverticulosis and diverticular disease. Topics such as epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, medical and surgical treatment of diverticular disease DD in patients with uncomplicated and complicated DD were reviewed by a scientific board of experts who proposed 55 statements graded according to level of evidence and strength of recommendation, and approved by an independent jury.

    Each topic was explored focusing on the more relevant clinical questions. Comparison and discussion of expert opinions, pertinent statements and replies to specific questions, were presented and approved based on a systematic literature search of the available evidence. Comments were added explaining the basis for grading the evidence, particularly for controversial areas. Rita Felski, The Limits of Critique. Thrombotic complications characterize the clinical course of polycythemia vera PV and represent the main cause of morbidity and mortality. In vivo platelet biosynthesis of thromboxane A2 is enhanced and can be suppressed by low-dose aspirin in PV, thus providing a rationale for assessing the efficacy and safety of a low-dose aspirin regimen in these patients.

    This study showed that low-dose aspirin is well tolerated in PV patients, and that a large-scale efficacy trial is feasible in this setting. To estimate the size and the follow-up duration required for the ECLAP trial, a retrospective analysis of the clinical epidemiology of a large PV population has recently been completed by the Gruppo Italiano Studio Policitemia Vera. On this basis, approximately patients will be enrolled in the ECLAP study with a follow-up of 3 to 4 years. The uncertainty principle will be used as the main eligibility criterion: Polycythemic patients of any age, having no clear indication for or contraindication to aspirin treatment, will be randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive oral aspirin mg daily or placebo.

    According to current therapeutic recommendations, the basic treatment of randomized patients should be aimed at maintaining the hematocrit value Randomization will be stratified by participating center. In order to study the difference in using collocations between L1 speakers and L2 learners in an Italian language course at the University of Amsterdam, a study was carried focused on a group of 18 native Italian speakers PL1 and a group of 39 native Dutch Italian L2 learners AL2.

    This paper analyzes the use of collocations in a corpus of data based on authentic texts produced by the two different groups of speakers. Early complications of renal transplantation; Is duplex-Doppler US useful in the diagnosis of acute rejection. Valutazione delle complicanze precoci del trapianto renale; Qual'e' l'utilita' del Doppler-duplex nella diagnosi del rigetto acuto. The authors studied with duplex-Doppler US28 renal transplant recipients in 31 clinically different episodes, during the early postoperative period.

    Morphological data were thus obtained, as well as hemodinamic information. US diagnosis was retrospectively compared with final clinical diagnosis and with response to therapy. In one case, the kidney was surgically removed. We evaluated US sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of acute rejection with real-time US, Doppler alone and combined with duplex. The severest changes in Doppler waveform had a bad prognostic significance. Besides poor specificity- which is so often emphasized in literature- our results chiefly demonstrated sensitivity limitations, partly corrigible with a real-time US signs, together with Doppler PI sensitivity: Duplex-Doppler US, in spite of its well-known limitations, remains therefore a simple, rather reliable and non-invasive technique to study renal transplant complications.

    Italian as lingua franca, the law of connected vessels and the improvement of the results into the multilingual class. About a teaching experience. During lessons, the class has been enriched with students from different places in the world and who talked very different languages. Multilingualism had only one underlying theme: It was the same Italian language which they got accustomed to by living in Italy since about a year. The experience started from the hard fact that the only common knowledge was this basic-level Italian language. So a new strategy was tested: They were forced to use Italian language and let other students understand through their previous knowledges due to the daily contact with the Italian reality.

    This brought very positive results such as the creation of discussions about the activities, the mutual correction of mistakes, the increase of communication skills through alternative strategies like mime or drawing. Despite the different individual and initial levels, Italian language as lingua franca let them understand Italian language more efficiently. Il gruppo di corsisti era formato da adulti provenienti da diverse zone del mondo e parlanti lingue distanti tra loro. Coleridge e il Novecento italiano: Verranno dunque messe a confronto in primo luogo le scelte — radicalmente diverse — adottate per trasporre il complesso e rigoroso meccanismo metrico della Rime, i suoi versi brevi e fortemente cadenzati e il fitto sistema delle rime e delle rispondenze foniche.

    La traduzione della parola altrui nel discorso giudiziario italiano e spagnolo, tra mediazione e ricodificazione. Full Text Available This paper deals with the use of reported speech RS in Spanish criminal lawsuits querellas and police reports denuncias and argues about the most suitable strategies to translate such RS into Italian.

    Linguistic autobiography is especially useful in the teaching and learning of a foreign language. Through writing, speaking and thoughtful reflection, linguistic autobiography helps the foreign learner to construct a bridge between "there" and "here", between the home and the host country, between life "before" and "after" the shock of migration. This practice reorganizes and gives meaning to one's own history in both languages, through the expression of feelings and emotions, by defining and reclaiming the world as well as reconstructing identity, exploring oneself and showning oneself to peers and teachers in an environment of mutual sharing and understanding.

    It creates a context for inclusion, not just integration. La lengua de signos: Full Text Available Italians over time have formed a symbiotic relationship with the plant of the vine, with its fruit, the grape and its product, the wine. Exported in the world the skills and quality craftsmanship, the know-how of useful knowledge to the development of winemaking in any place or region of the world, as in South Africa.

    This article aims to reconstruct the South African wine-making history through the analysis of the Italian contribution to the development of the sector itself in a long-term perspective that goes from the XVII century to contemporary deepening episodes neglected and free from scientific-academic discussion. Riso, emozioni e logica simmetrica nel modernismo italiano. This paper focuses on four major exponents of Italian modernism: Individual differences aside, their work is characterized by what can be defined as absolute laughter — i. Parametri pedologici e applicazioni per modelli in ambito ambientale: Full Text Available Soil parameters as a key point for environmental modeling: Soil data demand grows contemporary to the need of supporting the decision processes at the different administrative levels.

    Models application requires collection, harmonization and integration of soil database at the various geographic levels as well as the assessment of the characteristics of data accuracy and quality. The contribution explores the European and Italian situation concerning soil databases by stressing their features, issues and future perspectives. Full Text Available Nisin, antibiotic synthesized by Lactococcus lactis, has been widely used in food conservation; however, there is no history of its use in the preservation of ice cream.

    This study aimed to investigate the effect of nisin in preserving Italian style ice cream. Four treatments control without nisin, and nisin 10, 50 and ppm were designed. The presence of E. The following organoleptic properties were evaluated: The evaluation was carried out by a panel of 15 tasters, using hedonic scales.

    Nisin reduced the growth of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, particularly at 90 days. Nisin treatment did not cause significant changes in the organoleptic properties, except for sweetness after 60 days, probably due to the incorporation into the ice cream of products from microbial cell disintegration. Full Text Available Global anglophony, cultural subordination and projects of language dissolution in the Italian education system. This article points out the risks associated with the proliferation of courses taught in English language in the Italian universities and high schools.

    This policy, argues the author, is not adequate to solve the problem of the lack of knowledge of foreign languages by Italian students and, on the other hand, it threatens to de-qualify the teaching of non-linguistic disciplines. A further deterioration of higher education in Italy seems to be the predictable outcome. Interpunzione in ottica traduttiva tedesco- italiano. Studio di un caso. Starting from the normative point of view of grammars of German and from the actual use of the dash in different text types, the article outlines the most recurrent textual and cognitive features of in its use as single mark and as dash-interpolation.

    In a second step it will be shown that the same mark occurs in contemporary Italian usage, though grammars and style handbooks do not quote this sign. Full Text Available Abstract In this paper the main Italian Pleistocene mammalofaunas are examined and a chronological sequence of the main deposits is proposed. Centers of spreading, times of first appearence in Italy and ranges through the peninsula of the more representative species are indicated, as far as possible.

    The insular faunas and the different degrees of endemism they show, are particularly discussed.

    paixo na toscana sabrina portuguese edition Manual

    Riassunto Vengono esaminate sinteticamente le principali faune a mammiferi del Pleistocene d'Italia e viene proposta una successione cronologica per i principali giacimenti. Particolare attenzione viene posta alle forme insulari ed al loro carattere endemico. Francesco Landini e la ballata nel Trecento italiano. Composer, poet, organist and organology expert was blind since childhood. He spent most of his life as organist and choirmaster at the church of San Lorenzo in Florence. He is an author representative of an era and a place, the Florence that has lived the nightmare of the Black Death in The great reputation which he enjoyed among his contemporaries allows the use of iconographic sources of him, of literary quotes that describe his work, of illuminated manuscripts that transmit its music.

    Like other contemporary authors he carried out an independent and parallel compositional activity from his job in San Lorenzo and wrote primarily secular music, in particular dealt with the kind of ballad, which radically transformed. The teaching unit presented here examines the ballad Ecco la primavera. It is divided into several independent sections and at the same time closely related: The analysis of historical sources can then shed light on the context of production and fruition of the piece, as well as the personality of the composer teaching of history.

    Finally, the data acquired will facilitate execution aware of the ballad itself, that is in line with his style and inserted into the soundscape for which it was produced teaching of execution. O estudo das fontes estrangeiras na obra de Machado de Assis e o caso italiano.

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    Il design italiano attraverso moda, arte, cinema, grafica e musica dal Secondo Dopoguerra al Full Text Available This paper investigates the relationship between Italian design and the wider cultural context in which it is rooted. Italian design has witnessed social, cultural and economical transformations since the Post War reconstruction.

    In doing so, it has interacted with contemporary cultural forms like art, fashion design, cinema, graphic design, advertising and music in a mutual and fertile exchange. This paper shortly describes the first phase in which the profession of the designer was defined and consolidated, during the Post War reconstruction. After the Second World War, Italy needed to reconstruct its social, political and economic systems. Moreover, this paper describes how Italian design interacted with the national popular culture, contributing to the construction of myths and cultural symbols.

    Il particolare italiano da Guicciardini a Banfield. Chi sostiene tesi contrarie a Banfield si deve misurare con un altro ostacolo: Pratiche di Social Networking: Il tempo e l'aspetto nel discorso. Italiano e olandese a confronto. Full Text Available Time and aspect in speech. Italian and Dutch in comparisonThe Italian and Dutch verbal systems differ not only in the richness of the forms exhibited by Italian, but also in the way in which aspect is realized in the two languages.

    Despite a number of similarities, the Italian past tense is potentially problematic for a Dutch speaker from both an aspectual and a pragmatic point of view. The present study aims to highlight a possible differentiating factor on the use of past tenses in the two languages. In order to evaluate this hypothesis we report the results of a study conducted with monolingual speakers of Dutch and Italian. Furthermore, our data suggest that aspect is in Dutch mainly a pragmatic phenomenon. In highlighting a clear difference between the two languages, our study consitutes an important contribution to the study of cross linguistic interference in learning a second language, since it explains the nature and direction of linguistic interference in Dutch native speakers L1 learning Italian L2.

    Strategie di rifuto in Italiano: After reviewing previous research on speech acts, this article describes a study that analyzed the behavior of speakers of standard Italian in refusing an offer of food. All of the elements listed above are useful to the empowerment of the country as they all fight the economic recession: In tale prospettiva diviene fondamentale mantenere, sviluppare, rendere visibili, migliorare e certificare le competenze acquisite. Inoltre, viene richiesta una maggiore personalizzazione e concretizzazione degli apprendimenti in tempi e luoghi diversificati.

    Inoltre, la formazione veniva impartita in base alle aree di appartenenza, determinando le diverse professioni e definendo rapporti di dominanza tra le discipline. Il modello di formazione statico deve essere sostituito dal dinamismo apprenditivo, interrelandosi con le dimensioni sociali e lavorative degli individui. Tuttavia, i giovani non possiedono piena consapevolezza delle conoscenze trasversali e soft skills in proprio possesso.

    Tali tratti, inoltre, si impongono come pensiero dominante e vincente. La fisionomia post-moderna, infatti, delinea un individuo disgiunto, nel suo modo di vivere e pensare, da condizioni esterne. Il sapere rappresenta una dimensione centrale sia nella vita del soggetto, sia nella vita professionale. Il quotidiano, dunque, si trasforma in esperienza e questa in riflessione su se stessa.

    Il gruppo, infatti, si presenta come luogo privilegiato, attraverso il quale, il discente si forma e, nel contempo, lo pone in atteggiamento di ascolto e confronto delle proprie motivazioni, attese e pregiudizi. Inoltre, la crisi contribuisce a genere e ad aumentare il disagio in chi si trova a disporre di un repertorio di competenze inutilizzabili e non in grado di sostituirlo.

    Ad un vissuto, purtroppo quotidiano di crisi, si affianca un presente in continuo rinnovamento e costantemente messo in discussione, ed un futuro, di conseguenza, non pianificabile. La cultura va pianificata in quattro sfaccettature, le quali si intrecciano e rafforzano vicendevolmente: Centrali sono i processi sociali e produttivi in quanto produttori di conoscenza. Al lavoro dipendente dalle tecnologie deve essere attribuita una sua specifica caratterizzazione.

    Cercando e ricercando attraverso esso conoscenze, saperi, nozioni, competenze, padronanze e destrezze. Gli eventi, infatti, vengono presentati mediante uno show omogeneizzante, il quale viene ampliato dai commenti che sostituiscono la riflessione critica. Promuovere ogni forma di investimento possibile in relazione ai punti di eccellenza e accrescendo le sinergie tra le varie istituzioni, dando vita a nuove filiere formative miranti a separare la storica e consolidata divaricazione tra istituzioni preposte e formazione professionale. Diviene fondamentale, quindi, aumentare la propensione alla formazione rendendola parte attiva del riposizionamento strategico del sistema produttivo.

    Quindi il sapere che si acquisisce non deve essere funzionale solo a quella determinata mansione, ma a ruoli e posizioni differenti. Bisogna puntare sulla formazione come vero ammortizzatore sociale del e per il futuro. La formazione, quindi, deve favorire la crescita e la diffusione dei saperi e delle competenze, indispensabili per un sistema produttivo avanzato e competitivo.

    La formazione deve mirare a formare culturalmente e integralmente il soggetto-persona nel suo complesso. Due, quindi, risultano essere gli elementi fondamentali: Propinare il cambiamento come stile di vita, e questa come trasformazione permanente. Conclusioni Ogni soggetto deve tenere sempre aperta la finestra dei saperi, delle competenze e delle professioni lavorative. Non deve essere dominato da sentimenti di esclusione o privazione, ma deve essere proteso a generare il cambiamento.

    Le istituzioni politiche devono impegnarsi a riconoscere, salvaguardare e rilanciare il ruolo e il patrimonio della formazione professionale. Imporre una proposta culturale valida oggi, ma proponibile come base anche per il domani, aperta al dialogo con la politica, le istituzioni e il mercato.

    La formazione deve trasformarsi in un indicatore sensibile delle evoluzioni delle politiche e dei sistemi. The Culture of Education. I giovani che non lavorano e non studiano. I numeri, i percorsi, le ragioni. Studi per il Consiglio, 9. Consiglio Regionale Regione Toscana. Forme di trasformazione della partecipazione. Rapporto di ricerca sui processi partecipativi dei giovani e sui loro effetti, 9. Intervento alla presentazione del documento Cultura scuola persona. The Age Of Access: The New Culture of Hypercapitalism: In fact, it regards education as the basis of further individual and collective development; in particular, it is acknowledged that quality of life is enhanced by changing educational practices related to healthcare, social services, etc.

    Both at a national and at an international level, many projects and normative frameworks demonstrate that quality of life is related to increasing possibility of choice—i. Bernard ; WHO Una stretta correlazione, insomma, tra teoria e pratica; tra sapere e saper fare; tra fattori interni e fattori esterni; tra livelli di conoscenza e comportamenti sociali. I livelli di sviluppo delle attuali generazioni, inevitabilmente, vanno considerati in relazione ai livelli di sviluppo delle future generazioni e, per questo, diventano determinanti le scelte effettuate nelle politiche educative nazionali.

    Questo aspetto chiama, inevitabilmente, in causa la questione dei finanziamenti, spesso molto elevati e, al tempo stesso, molto scarsi. Le strategie politico-economiche complementari e le politiche scolastiche sono fondamentali nello sviluppo dei livelli di conoscenza dei cittadini, nel prossimo futuro. Education and the capabilities approach: Fostering resilience in kids: La formazione del docente nella scuola europea del terzo millennio, Lecce: Women and Human Development: The Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge.

    Human capabilities vs Capitale umano: In order to provide everbody with equal opportunities, it is necessary to subvert such classical economicist approach. Accordingly, there is the need to attribute a central role to the individual who, on her behalf, takes up the responsability of retrieving resources that are necessary to the fulfilment of her lifeplan.

    Thus, educational institutions have a new task to accomplish: Vi sono diverse letture di questa complessa situazione e altrettante critiche; quelle che saranno al centro del presente contributo emergono in particolare dai lavori di Amartya K. Sen ed anche di Martha Nussbaum. Avvalorando, se ancora si cercasse giustificazione, quanto Adam Smith ebbe modo di scrivere a David Hume; vale a dire che il modo in cui si guarda alle persone influisce sul modo in cui le si considera. A questo proposito occorre ripensare e rilocare la categria del possibile.

    La crescita presuppone, quindi, la collaborazione intelligente e responsabile della persona. Come va riletta la teoria del capitale umano e soprattutto come integrarla nella visione human capabilities oriented? Ci si deve attendere che il lavoro che egli impara a fare oltre agli usuali salari del lavoro comune, gli ricostituisca la intera spesa della sua istruzione, oltre ai profitti ordinari, di un capitale di uguale valore.

    In numerosi lavori Cfr. Questa tesi richiede una attenta analisi della doppia componente del comportamento: An approach to a price theory for a changing economy. La filosofia politica di Sen e Nussbaum. Il Mulino Margiotta, U. Capitale formativo e welfare delle persone. Verso un nuovo contratto sociale. Invention and economic growth. La ricchezza delle nazioni. Capital theory and the rate of return.

    This project is focused on the construction of pedagogic ontologies, i. Drawing on this source, this paper aims to examine one of its conceptual cores—namely, the one closer to the idea of capability or capacity. Thus, a brief semantic and pedagogical analysis of said concepts is put forward. Consequently, new elements are found that might help clarification in linguistic communication and research practice. Una prima definizione Partiamo in maniera molto empirica in questa nostra opera di explicatio terminorum, cercando di trarre una prima definizione dai dizionari della lingua inglese1.

    Vediamo ora quali sono i principali sinonimi e antonimi: In campo informatico, capability indica un meccanismo complementare di protezione delle risorse orientato agli oggetti. Come possiamo tradurre in italiano il termine? Il capability approach in Sen assurge al livello di paradigma socio-culturale, proprio nel senso che T. Nel percorso seniano troviamo un tornante interessante: La dimensione pedagogica del capability approach Passiamo ora al terzo e ultimo blocco concettuale: Alcuni studiosi e alcuni gruppi di ricerca hanno iniziato ad esplorare una lettura pedagogica del capability approach seniano.

    In Germania esiste un impor-. Anand, Hunter, Smith ; Otto, Ziegler La crescita della capacitazione, da un certo punto di vista, non ammette sostituti: Davanti alla crisi generalizzata del Welfare-State, quali sono gli scenari possibili? Dobbiamo rassegnarci ad una sua rottamazione brutale e radicale, o dobbiamo mantenerne ancora in vita una versione agonizzante e assistenzialistica? Verrebbe da dire, concludendo questo nostro brain-storming, che di queste cose la pedagogia parla da oltre un secolo: Social Indicator Research, 74 1 , Life project, peer counselling and self-help group as tools to expand capability, agency and human rights.

    Alter, 5 3, Quali sfide per il welfare dei soggetti. Cognitive Disability, Capabilities and Justice. Essays in Philosophy, 9, La filosofia pratica di Sen e Nussbaum. Come cambia la formazione. Da individui a persone. The Human development Approach. The Belknap Press of Harvard University. The Quality of Life.

    Social Work and Society, 4, 2, Education, Welfare and the Capabilities Approach. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 37, The capabilities approach and gendered education. Theory and Research in Education, 1 1, The capability approach and education. Educational Action Research, 13, Politiche educative per plasmare un futuro democratico Which educational policies will determine a democratic future?

    Oggi, una quarta via si propone come cambiamento di rotta dei sistemi educativo-formativi verso una meta-governance organica, intesa come riformulazione delle policies educativo-formative tesa a plasmare un futuro democratico attraverso obiettivi complessi e strategie di adattamento che spostano il focus della governance dalla convergenza alla diversificazione. How is it possible to find solutions with alternative outcomes? The plural control of school is the result of the so-called third way: Nowadays, it is possible to identify a fourth way. Accordingly, educational-formative systems are driven towards an organic meta-governance, which is meant to redraw educational-formative policies whose focus is not any more that of sheer governance but rather that of differentiation.

    Thus, with respect to the organization of scholastic institutions, two ideal types are compared. Such comparison results in a change of paradigm, whose transition goes through an approach oriented towards the achievement of actual freedom. The aim of this kind of freedom-enhancing institution is that of putting capabilities into practice and mobilize resources through new cooperative forms of organization, which foster the sense of responsibility, democracy, equality, equity and solidarity.

    Insomma, la crisi ha messo a nudo il vuoto spirituale del capitalismo, e ha generato un rinnovato discorso intorno a valori. Visioni prospettiche che ben si intersecano con le esigenze dei sistemi educativo-formativi. Woods sintetizza la vasta gamma di opzioni che si aprono con le trasformazioni del capitalismo nella sintesi proposta in Tab. Richiede pure una crescente consapevolezza dei limiti delle policy attuali e un coinvolgimento professionale forte — e democraticamente efficiente - di tutti gli operatori del sistema educativo-formativo. La democrazia olistica Esaminando la democrazia, John Keane avverte che la sua natura sta cambiando: Democrazia olistica intesa come partecipazione paritaria di tutti nella creazione del loro ambiente sociale e nelle decisioni che li riguardano.

    Tali principi sono stati testati nella ricerca sulla democrazia nelle scuole da Lisa Kensler ; I dieci principi possono essere correlati alle dimensioni della democrazia olistica secondo le correlazioni elencate nella tabella seguente Tab. I cambiamenti strumentali producono diverse modifiche, sia strutturali che personali, riassunte in Tab. Quella espressiva riguarda in particolare le dimensioni del significato globale e del benessere olistico. Il disincanto sociale si scontra col bisogno umano di cercare e creare significato.

    I poteri di questi nuovi attori affondano le radici nella geografia del territorio, del contesto socio-economico, come pure nelle avvertite esigenze di internazionalizzazione. Come possono essere affrontate in tempi moderni le sfide del weberiano disincanto? In sintesi, i seguenti sono i principali problemi identificati in riferimento alla terza via Una risposta graduale alle modifiche strutturali del sistema educativo-formativo richiede una trasformazione nel modo in cui ci relazioniamo e concepiamo il sistema.

    Leadership distribuita, riconoscimento professionale degli insegnanti, organi collegiali resi realmente partecipativi e parternariato attivo sono indica-. Nel quadro generale, per raggiungere questa ulteriore fase, due sviluppi sono necessari Fig. La domanda su cosa i giovani dovrebbero imparare, prevede numerose risposte. Quando rispondono alla domanda di efficacia e di miglioramento provenienti dalla scuola, le agende sociali complesse affrontano una serie di obiettivi plurimi e di valori conflittuali che generano tensioni rispetto alle aspirazioni e aspettative individuali.

    Le soluzioni proposte sembrano spesso inadeguate e inducono al pessimismo. Gli artefatti strumentali innovativi derivano direttamente dalle posizioni discorsive di partecipazione e di significato, dalla trasformazione della leadership. La mobilitazione delle risorse rappresenta il quarto elemento delle strategie di adattamento per generare nuove aperture. Le risorse da mobilitare sono risorse simboliche e materiali Fig. Quelle simboliche sono costituite da dispositivi cognitivo-tecnici, sociali, emotivi, estetici, etici e spirituali. Le tre scuole da cui sono estratti i dati della ricerca sono: Sands si presentava come una scuola democratica.

    Le caratteristiche fondamentali riguardanti le scuole sono riportate in Tab. Staff e studenti decidono se i futuri studenti e insegnanti sono adatti alla scuola raramente con esito negativo. Urbanview Academy Gerarchia tradizionale con a capo il preside e il gruppo di docenti anziani Scuola pubblica con sponsor privati mista ca. Dal quadro analitico emerso dalla ricerca Fig.

    Uno di tipo gerarchico Academy , rappresentativo di una scuola razionalmente concentrata su aspetti burocratici presenti nella loro forma estrema, non sempre negativa in tutte le circostanze. Lo sviluppo degli insegnanti segue coerentemente i due modelli organizzativi: Un rafforzamento del senso emergente di scopo morale. Valorizzare e prendersi cura gli uni gli altri. Lo sviluppo di un approccio positivo alle sfide. Vivere e agire con maggior impegno di rappresentanza. In altre parole, un ethos alter-. Lessons in powerful education 2nd edn.

    Understanding private sector participation in public sector education. Human Resource Management in Education: Contexts, Themes and Impact. Riflessioni e prospettive dal dibattito globale. The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History. The twin crises of the liberal world. Approcci teorici e interventi didattici.

    Teorie di management e organizzazione della scuola. The potential of cooperative and mutual governance for public services. Where Now for New Labour? Management as negotiation at the interface: Organization, 14, When the Party is over. The life and death of democracy. The ecology of democratic learning communities.

    Designing democratic community for social justice. International Journal of Urban Educational Leadership, 4, 1, 1 A study of democratic principles at both the district and school level. Annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration. Nashville, TN, 10—13 November. Journal of Education Policy, 14 1 , 19— Progettare e governare la scuola. Educare al tempo della crisi.

    The birth of the relational state. Public policy and the power of networks. The new public governance? The cooperative workplace, Cambridge: The Theory of Democracy. Chatham House Publishers; tr. The culture of the new capitalism. New Haven, CT and London: Miss Black Rose and the holy communion.

    The politics and aesthetics of entrepreneurship. Boulder, CO and Oxford: Science as a vocation. Shaping a democratic future. Feedback report Michael Hall Steiner School: School of Education, University of Aberdeen. Governo delle scuole e alleanze educative. By abandoning this view, one is immediately thrown into a humanist perspective. The most pressing issue raised by humanism is that of understanding human condition through new interpretive categories—all of them aimed at assuming the person as an end. In brief, the human being is to be understood in terms of comprehensive capacity building.

    With regard to this need, this paper will attempt to argumentatively describe the necessary condition for an individual to accomplish her own task. The starting point of this study will take into account capacity building as what emerges from the intersection of the theories of Sen, Nussbaum and Arendt. In particular, the fulfilment of her tasks is undertaken by the individual whenever capacity building is achieved by the mind.

    A new paradigm is thus outlined, which provides a new conception of knowledge by means of pedagogic resilience: In order to achieve this positive end, however, economical requalification shall be addressed in terms of human development. Come spiegare il comune senso di disorientamento di fronte al compito? Studioso attento della peculiare natura di queste componenti, egli rileva come nel caso del processo evoluti-. Ma per costruire il concetto di pertinenza in riferimento alla mente, bisogna innanzitutto considerare il prodotto del suo esplicarsi, la conoscenza, e agire sulle due dimensioni che le sono proprie, avendo cura di esplicitare, di volta in volta, se e in quale maniera diventi adeguata allo scopo delineato.

    Per riassumere il controllo sui processi in atto, siano essi scientifici, tecno-. Ma per poter sapere quali comportamenti adottare bisogna prioritariamente avere chiaro quale debba essere il modello preso come riferimento: Educare una mente alla pertinenza si presenta come un compito arduo, a tratti visionario, e, tuttavia, non ulteriormente procrastinabile in una logica capacitante. Manuale di pedagogia generale. La testa ben fatta. Raffaello Cortina Nussbaum, M. ABSTRACT The following thoughts draw on some implications for the sciences of education resulting from neuroscience paradigm when supported by an embodied approach to knowledge—that is also consistent with the approach of a wider constructivist framework.

    The core idea is that of reasoning about the complex relationship between the intersubjective base level shared representations or embodied simulation; ES and the sense of agency. The question which leads the argument is the following: Introduzione Negli ultimi anni abbiamo assistito ad un crescendo di proposte formative ed educative in risposta alle trasformazioni socio-economiche e ambientali che attraversano il nostro tempo. In questa costante interazione, il mondo sociale nel quale siamo inseriti e il linguaggio che utilizziamo, rivestono un ruolo fondamentale nella costruzione del significato che assume il mondo intorno a noi.

    Il ragionamento qui sviluppato muove proprio dalla natura intersoggettiva del modo di funzionare della mente, per arrivare a sottolineare la natura intersoggettiva dei comportamenti agiti e dunque anche delle capabilities. I risultati ottenuti in diversi esperimenti hanno rilevato che: Per fare un esempio: La sintesi operata da Rizzolatti e Sinigaglia nel libro So quel che fai con la frase: Gallese e il concetto di affordance di Gibson collegato al primitive self consciousness di Bermudez et al.

    Il tema riveste indubbiamente un forte interesse per diverse discipline. Gli autori, ricorrendo al concetto di affor-. Dal punto di vista di chi scrive il concetto di capability si presta ad esprimere efficacemente la dialettica interno-esterno e dunque la dimensione intersoggettiva della capacitazione: Di conseguenza, come fa notare Sen, le risorse interne non scarseggiano mai da sole, ma laddove sono insufficienti le risorse esterne. The exercise of control. Steps to an Ecology of Mind: University Of Chicago Press. Reply to Gallese on Bermudez on Self-Consciousnes.

    Symposium The Cognitive Neuroscience of primitive self consciousness. The Body and the Self. Sistemi intelligenti, 1, The mirror neuron system and action recognition. Brain and Language, 89, Action observation and acquired motor skills: Where does an object trigger an action? An investigation about affordances in space. Scienza del cervello e conoscenza umana.

    Embodied meaning in a neural theory of language. Brain Lang, 89 2 , The Modularity of Mind: An Essay on Faculty Psychology. The bodily self as power for action. Neuropsychologia, 49 9 , How the Body in Action shapes the Self. JCS, Consciousness Studies, 18, La molteplice natura delle relazioni interpersonali: Dai neuroni specchio alla consonanza intenzionale. Rivista di Psicoanalisi, 53 1 , Mimetismo, neuroni specchio, simulazione incarnata. Culture Teatrali, 16, Mirror neurons and the social nature of language: The neural exploitation hypothesis.

    Social Neuroscience, 3, Action recognition in the premotor cortex. Psicoterapia e Scienze Umane, XL, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Modelli di capacitazione e politiche del welfare. In Di Vora, I. Ripensare a Gramsci, tra idealismo, pragmatismo e filosofia della prassi. Dal funzionamento cerebrale ad una formazione che funziona: Il ruolo del linguaggio percettivo-motorio.

    La natura enattiva della conoscenza. Imitation of facial and manual gestures by human neonates. The Phenomenology of Perception. Routledge and Kegan Paul. Indagine fenomenologica della persona umana. So quel che fai. Il cervello che agisce e i neuroni specchio. Eds The Quality of Life. Le origini culturali della cognizione umana.

    ABSTRACT This paper examines the new pedagogical research perspectives that are related to the link between the right to education and the interpretive paradigm known as Capability Approach. The starting point is the assumption that the level of freedom of a given human community is also dependant on the relevance it attributes to human value—together with respect paid to civil, political and social rights.

    Given the ethical void resulted from capitalism, such approach shows the difficulties met by governments when required to satisfy the right to education. In particular, conscious parenthood is examined—because of its link to sustainable growth, which leads to the debate on educational competences. Sen, certi diritti politici sono considerati importanti e fondamentali non solo per soddisfare i bisogni ma anche per la loro stessa formulazione Cfr. De Natale, Monno ; De Natale Il capability approach che propone A. In questo stesso contesto di riflessione possiamo anche richiamare il nobile pensiero della filosofa statunitense M.

    Il Capability approach nella ricerca pedagogica sulle competenze educative In prospettiva pedagogica esistono ancora molti elementi da esplorare che delineano le esperienze di vita, come quelle di tipo non formale e informale. Sulla scorta di queste riflessioni occorre allora dire che in chiave pedagogica non basta il solo sapere per affermare i principi etici della vita.

    Come giudicare allora queste competenze? Per rispondere a questi interrogativi, si aprono nuovi e interessantissimi canali di riflessione pedagogica. Merita sottolineare il richiamo della Nussbaum ai problemi che ancora attendono una concreta risposta sociale. Problemi che riguardano i casi di maltrattamento, di abuso e di violenza domestica. Educazione e processi cognitivi. Ornaghi a cura di Globalizzazione: Apprendere ed educarsi per tutta la vita. Nuove competenze educative per i docenti.

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    Linee guida per valutare con Talent Radar. KEYWORDS Institutional learning, non institutional learning, formal learning, non formal learning, informal learning, lifelong learning, capabilities, functioning. Formazione istituzionale, formazione non istituzionale, apprendimento formale, apprendimento non formale, formazione permanente, apprendimento informale, capacitazioni, funzionamenti.

    ABSTRACT By non-institutional learning we consider two forms of informal learning, the first one characterized by the acquisition of knowledge through experience, e. The latter is non-formal knowledge differentiated by scheduled events and explicit training, e. These types of learning are not recognized as part of the official education and vocational training apprenticeship is a hybrid form considered in between non-formal and formal education , but they represent, together with perceived social and educational opportunities, current selectable functionings.

    This article deals with the compelling issues that have to be considered in creating a system of recognition and certification of both non-formal learning and noninstitutional training. The same issues that originate from the opportunities available in work contexts and environments are also taken into consideration by the guidelines set out by the European Union. Le indagini realizzate in Europa Cfr. In alcuni casi le persone non sanno neppure di possedere una competenza.

    In particolare si evidenziano i seguenti aspetti: La capacitazione e la formazione: In particolare nel modello si evidenziano: Eurostat che possono ben rappresentare anche indicatori di sviluppo delle capacitazioni cfr. Nel criterio sono compresi sia i range delle competenze e del campo di applicazione la loro dimensione e il loro contenuto sia i modi in cui le competenze possono essere espresse o dimostrate nel campo.

    Entrambi gli scopi sono estremamente legittimi e utili. La predisposizione di punti di riferimento, tuttavia, varia notevolmente a seconda dello scopo scelto per la valutazione e di conseguenza per la certificazione. In secondo luogo, il sistema di riconoscimento deve disporre, e produrre, di tutte le informazioni necessarie. La creazione di meccanismi di riconoscimento ai vari livelli deve rispecchiare gli svariati scopi e funzioni che devono essere soddisfatti.

    OECD, sono identificabili in:. Pur essendo la valorizzazione apprezzata dalle persone e dal mercato del lavoro occorre esaminare attentamente i costi e i benefici: Al contrario, i processi di riconoscimento assumono un costo marginale superiore se aumentano le persone che richiedono il riconoscimento con competenze facili da validare. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Un Quadro di Riferimento Europeo. Dalle competenze ai risultati di apprendimento.

    E Books In Kindle Store Jealous Feelings Pdf

    Edizioni Nuova Cultura — Edicusano. Recognising non-formal and informal learning: In particolare, sono esaminati: Specifically we present a the role of individual and organizational factors in the process of training transfer; b the impacts of a group of teachers acting as coaches to implement professional learning community with cooperative learning methods in different schools; c the role of networks of schools to improve quality of teaching and learning. This point of view considers the school as a learning community context in which it is necessary to modify the meaning of organization to create new conditions for improving equity, democracy and learning.

    Reti di scuole formate nelle aree geografiche precedentemente definite dal progetto attraverso le Zone GIS Gruppo Innovazione Scolastica. Catalogo per la formazione continua e in servizio degli insegnanti a domanda individuale Erogazione corsi per insegnanti Supervisione Coaching Coinvolgimento di genitori e associazioni del territorio. Tra gli esiti non scontati della formazione in servizio iniziata dal CeSeDi — destinata a soddisfare le domande individuali degli insegnanti — emergono quindi due risultati che introduciamo: Alcuni dati raccolti con metodi di tipo qualitativo Tab.

    Il gruppo degli insegnanti-facilitatori: Progressivamente si sono affiancati nel tempo altre tematiche come per esempio la valutazione, la progettazione significativa, le competenze. Dimensioni del profile correlate. Confronto pratiche Confronto metodologie Nuove organizzazioni didattiche Costituzioni di reti di scuole. Ho confidato sul fatto che i corsi mi avrebbero aiutato a svolgere meglio il lavoro didattico.

    I miei colleghi hanno espresso degli apprezzamenti su come ho utilizzato gli spunti operativi appresi durante i corsi.