This transformation was grounded on the use of information and communication technologies and on a competency-based educational approach that has led the expansion and innovation of educational practice. Innovations in Graduate Public Health Education: Design of a Theory-based Intervention for Postpartum Latinas. Background Weight gain in young women suggests that childbearing may be an important contributor to the development of obesity in women.
Summary The significance and innovation of Madres para la Salud includes use of a theory-driven approach to intervention, specification and cultural relevance of a social support intervention, use of a Promotora model to incorporate cultural approaches, use of objective measures of physical activity in post partum Latinas women, and the examination of biomarkers indicative of cardiovascular risk related to physical activity behaviors in postpartum Latinas.
Esta es la primera de una serie de guias de aplicaciones que el Programa de Energia de Villas de NREL esta comisionando para acoplar sistemas comerciales renovables con aplicaciones rurales, incluyendo agua, escuelas rurales y micro empresas. La guia esta complementada por las actividades de desarrollo del Programa de Energia de Villas de NREL, proyectos pilotos internacionales y programas de visitas profesionales. Childhood obesity rates in minority populations continue to rise despite leveling national trends.
Although interventions that address social and environmental factors exist, processes that create demand for policy and environmental change within communities have not been identified. We used CRM to explore the potential of youth advocacy to shift individual and community norms regarding obesity prevention in South Omaha and to advocate for health-promoting community environments. We used CRM to assess supply and demand for health programs, engage the community, determine the community's baseline readiness to address childhood obesity, and guide youth advocacy program development.
We conducted our project in 2 phases. In the first, we trained a cohort of youth. In the second, the youth cohort created and launched a Latino health movement, branded as Saludable Omaha. A third phase, which is currently under way, is directed at institutionalizing youth advocacy in communities.
At baseline, the community studied was at a low stage of readiness for change. Our program generated infrastructure and materials to support the growth and institutionalization of youth advocacy as a means of increasing community readiness for addressing obesity prevention. CRM is an important tool for addressing issues such as childhood obesity in underserved communities because it provides a framework for matching interventions to the community.
Community partnerships such as Saludable Omaha can aid the adoption of obesity prevention programs. To assess the effect of Education in Nutrition and Food Assistance components of the Salud Arte program in participant schools during A three cohort comparative study was used, with two type of follow-up panel structures: Information on food intake, feeding behaviors, food preservation and hygiene, physical activity PI and anthropometry was registered.
To stablish effect estimates, a difference in difference method combined with propensity score matching was carried out; as an alternative procedure, logistic-multinomial and logistic regression models were also used. Program attributable estimated effects were as follows: Salud Arte shows positive effects over some components as expected. However in order to institutionalize the Salud Arte program, it is necessary to consider these learned lessons, give it permanence and impulse it in the schools. A community's readiness for change is a precursor to the effective application of evidence-based practices for health promotion.
Research is lacking regarding potential strategies to improve readiness to address obesity-related health issues in underserved communities.
iTunes is the world's easiest way to organize and add to your digital media collection.
This case study describes Salud ABLEOmaha, an initiative to increase readiness of residents in a Midwestern Latino community to address obesity and adopt healthy lifestyles. Salud ABLEOmaha emphasized 2 core approaches, youth activism and collaboration among public and private institutions, which we applied to planning and implementing tactics in support of 3 interconnected strategies: Following the Community Readiness Model protocol http: The community increased in readiness from stage 3 of the Community Readiness Model, "vague awareness," at baseline to stage 5, "preparation," at follow-up.
Salud ABLEOmaha improved community readiness eg, community knowledge, community climate , which probably contributed to the observed increase in readiness to address obesity through healthy lifestyle. Community mobilization approaches such as youth activism integrated with social marketing and social media tactics can improve community responsiveness to obesity prevention and diminish health disparities. Community Context This case study describes Salud ABLEOmaha, an initiative to increase readiness of residents in a Midwestern Latino community to address obesity and adopt healthy lifestyles.
Methods Salud ABLEOmaha emphasized 2 core approaches, youth activism and collaboration among public and private institutions, which we applied to planning and implementing tactics in support of 3 interconnected strategies: Interpretation Salud ABLEOmaha improved community readiness eg, community knowledge, community climate , which probably contributed to the observed increase in readiness to address obesity through healthy lifestyle. El consentimiento informado es un proceso, en el que una persona acepta participar en una investigation, conociendo los riesgos, beneficios, consecuencias o problemas que se puedan presenter durante el desarrollo de la misma.
Se presentan los resultados de una extensa revision de les elementos del PCI, desde sus cornponentes hasta su fundamento etico y legal, incluyendo los mites y realidades que existen sobre el formato de consentimiento informado come recurso legal de protection. El consentimiento informado no es un formato establecido que los investigadores repliquen, se trata de que la praxis del PCI sea una tarea cotidiana dentro de la investigation con seres humanos, como comunicaciOn deliberative y critica, responsable y comprometida entre dos agentes morales, investigador-investigado.
Los objetivos del estudio fueron: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo desde febrero de hasta junio de The aims of the study were: Descriptive, prospective study from February to June Community health advisors have effectively promoted breast and cervical cancer prevention and screening among low-income Latina women. Specific elements of such programs, such as enhanced social support, may explain successes. Promotion of colorectal cancer screening has been less studied. Promotoras de Salud i. The program educated Latinas in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer prevention and screening and emphasized social support among class members.
Pre- and post-intervention assessments demonstrated significant increases for fruit and vegetable consumption 3. Of women previously non-compliant, 39 percent, 31 percent and 4 percent received Pap tests, mammography, and fecal occult blood test FOBT , respectively. A culturally aligned education program using community health advisors and emphasizing social support among participants may improve prevention and selected screening behaviors, but more intensive interventions may be required for colorectal cancer screening compliance.
Using the Delphi technique, professionals were invited to participate in the selecting the most reliable and feasible indicators. Lastly, the resulting proposal was validated with the managers of 12 hospitals, taking into account the variability, objectivity, feasibility, reliability and sensitivity, of the indicators. Participation rates varied between Of the initial indicators, 68 were prioritized and selected 21 economic or management indicators, 22 nursing indicators, and 25 clinical or hospital indicators.
Three of them were common to all three categories and two did not match the specified criteria during the validation phase, thus obtaining a final catalogue of 63 indicators. A set of quality and safety indicators for Hospitals was prepared. They are currently being monitored using the hospital information systems. Published by Elsevier Espana. Supply-side interventions to improve health: Results-based aid RBA is increasingly used to incentivize action in health. Data were first collected in intervention health facilities to establish a baseline of indicators. For the first follow-up measure, 18 to 24 months later, facilities were evaluated in these same areas.
At both stages, we measured a near-identical set of supply-side performance indicators in line with country-specific priorities in maternal and child health. All countries showed progress in performance indicators, although with different levels.
salud una clave: Topics by theranchhands.com
A second follow-up measurement in Chiapas and Guatemala showed continued progress, as they achieved previously missed targets nine to 12 months later, after implementing a performance improvement plan. Our findings show an initial success in the supply-side indicators of SMI. Our data suggest that the RBA approach can be a motivator to improve availability of drugs and services in poor areas.
Moreover, our innovative monitoring and evaluation framework will allow health officials with limited resources to identify and target areas of greatest need. Despite the value of community health worker programs, such as Promotores de Salud , for addressing health disparities in the Latino community, little consensus has been reached to formally define the unique roles and duties associated with the job, thereby creating unique job training challenges.
Understanding the job tasks and worker attributes central to this work is a critical first step for developing the training and evaluation systems of promotores programs.
Here, we present the process and findings of a job analysis conducted for promotores working for Planned Parenthood. We employed a systematic approach, the combination job analysis method, to define the job in terms of its work and worker requirements, identifying key job tasks, as well as the worker attributes necessary to effectively perform them. Our results suggest that the promotores' job encompasses a broad range of activities and requires an equally broad range of personal characteristics to perform.
These results played an important role in the development of our training and evaluation protocols. In this article, we introduce the technique of job analysis, provide an overview of the results from our own application of this technique, and discuss how these findings can be used to inform a training and performance evaluation system.
This article provides a template for other organizations implementing similar community health worker programs and illustrates the value of conducting a job analysis for clarifying job roles, developing and evaluating job training materials, and selecting qualified job candidates. As the Panama Canal Authority faces sensitivity to water shortages, managing water resources becomes crucial for the global shipping industry's security. These studies address knowledge gaps in tropical water resources to aid hydrological model development and validation.
Field-based hydrological investigations in the Agua Salud Project within the Panama Canal Watershed employed multiple tools across a variety of land covers to investigate hydrological processes. Geochemical tracers informed where storm runoff in a stream comes from and identified electrical conductivity EC as an economical, high sample frequency tracer during small storms. EC-based hydrograph separation coupled with hydrograph recession rate analyses identified shallow and deep groundwater storage-discharge relationships that varied by season and land cover.
A series of plot-scale electrical resistivity imaging geophysical experiments coupled with rainfall simulation characterized subsurface flow pathway behavior and quantified respectively increasing infiltration rates across pasture, 10 year old secondary succession forest, teak tectona grandis , and 30 year old secondary succession forest land covers. Additional soil water, groundwater, and geochemical studies informed conceptual model development in subsurface flow pathways and groundwater, and identified future research needs.
Mujeres felices por ser saludables: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the most common cause of cancer mortality among Latino women. Several behavioral factors such as early detection and dietary practices could help decrease morbidity and mortality associated with breast cancer in this population. Unfortunately, there are few data regarding the efficacy of health-related interventions for young Latino women. Mujeres Felices por ser Saludables is a randomized intervention project designed to assess breast cancer risk reduction behavior among Latino women ages years.
Herein we describe the overall design of the project and present baseline characteristics of the randomized women. There are few data on the dietary and breast health behaviors of young low-acculturated Latino women. This study documents the feasibility of recruiting, randomizing, and obtaining both baseline dietary and breast health data on this unique and underserved population.
A pre-posttest experimental pilot study was conducted. Trabajadora de Salud , a three-month, in-home intervention administered by bilingual lay health workers, focused on: Trabajadora de Salud was widely accepted by patients, caregivers, and health professionals. The functional, depression, and somatic symptoms of the patients as well as the somatic symptoms and caregiver burden of the caregivers improved more for participants in the intervention group than the control group.
An m-health system for maternal and infant mortality reduction in Guatemala. This Department has 1. This m-health initiative is based on the provision of a cell phone to community facilitators CFs. The CFs are volunteers in rural communities who perform health prevention, promotion and care. In this study, rural populations served by tele-CFs were selected as the intervention group while the control group was composed of the rural population served by CFs without Information and Communication Technology ICT tools.
Madres para la Salud. To describe the physical activity PA and sedentary behaviors of postpartum Latinas who are overweight or obese before initiating Madres para la Salud , a social support-mediated walking intervention to promote postpartum weight loss. One hundred thirty-nine postpartum women Most time was spent in sedentary Consistent with objective PA measures, PA records showed more time spent in light-intensity PA such as home care, cooking, child care and self-care tasks, occupation, religious events, and watching television.
This demographic should be the focus of PA interventions to increase PA to health-enhancing levels. These women are disproportionately burdened with cervical cancer, with mortality rates significantly higher than non-Hispanic whites. The two-arm, quasi-experimental study was conducted in four rural counties of Southeast Georgia in The intervention was developed in partnership with a group of promotoras to create the toolkit of materials which includes a curriculum guide, a brochure, a flipchart, a short animated video, and in-class activities.
Individual income and poverty are associated with poor health outcomes. The poor face unique challenges related to access, education, financial capacity, environmental effects, and other factors that threaten their health outcomes. We used multivariable logistic regression to measure the association between delivering a child in a health facility and select household and maternal characteristics, including education and measures of wealth.
El Liderazgo Emocional Y Su Repercusión En Las Instituciones Educativas Españolas
Health indicators varied greatly between geographic segments. Controlling for other demographic characteristics, women with at least secondary education were more likely to have an in-facility delivery compared to women who had not attended school OR: Similarly, women from households with the highest expenditure were more likely to deliver in a health facility compared to those from the lowest expenditure households OR 3.
Household assets did not impact these associations. Moreover, we found that commonly-used definitions of poverty do not align with the disparities in health outcomes observed in these communities. Although poverty measured by expenditure or wealth is associated with health disparities or health outcomes, a composite indicator of health poverty based on coverage is more likely to focus attention on health problems and solutions. Our findings call for the public health community to define poverty by health coverage measures rather than income or wealth. Such a health-poverty metric is more likely to generate attention and mobilize targeted action by the health communities than our current definition of poverty.
Efficiency of "Prescribe Vida Saludable ", a health promotion innovation. It aims to estimate the cost effectiveness and cost-utility of prescribing physical activity in the pilot phase of the PVS programme, compared to the routine clinical practice of promoting physical activity in primary healthcare. An economic evaluation of the quasi-experimental pilot phase of PVS was carried out. In the four control centres, a systematic sample was selected of patients who visited the centre in a single year and who did not comply with physical activity recommendations.
In the four intervention centres, patients who received their first physical activity prescription were consecutively enrolled. The costs were evaluated from the perspective of the PVS programme using bottom-up methodology. The effectiveness proportion of patients who changed their physical activity as well as the utility were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months. The incremental cost-utility ratio ICUR and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio ICER were calculated and a sensitivity analysis was performed with bootstrapping and 1, replications.
The prescription of physical activity was demonstrably within acceptable cost-utility limits in the pilot PVS phase, even from a conservative perspective. Background Childhood obesity rates in minority populations continue to rise despite leveling national trends. Outcome At baseline, the community studied was at a low stage of readiness for change. Interpretation CRM is an important tool for addressing issues such as childhood obesity in underserved communities because it provides a framework for matching interventions to the community.
Salud Para Su Corazon health for your heart community health worker model: Existe estigma relacionado al VIH. The Sangre Por Salud Biobank: It is the result of a unique collaboration between Mayo Clinic and Mountain Park Health Center, a federally qualified community health center in Phoenix, Arizona.
This report describes the rationale, development, implementation, and characteristics of the SPS Biobank. Participants provided a personal and family history of chronic disease, completed a sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioral questionnaire, underwent a comprehensive cardiometabolic risk assessment anthropometrics, blood pressure and labs , and provided blood samples for banking.
Laboratory results of cardiometabolic testing were returned to the participants and their providers through the electronic health record. Results During the first 2 years of recruitment into the SPS Biobank, 2, patients were approached and 1, The cohort is primarily Spanish-speaking Most participants were born outside of the US The prevalence of overweight The majority of participants rated their health as good to excellent Conclusion Collaborative efforts such as the SPS Biobank are critical for ensuring that underrepresented minority populations are included in.
Health has improved markedly in Mesoamerica, the region consisting of southern Mexico and Central America, over the past decade. Despite this progress, there remain substantial inequalities in health outcomes, access, and quality of medical care between and within countries.
Poor, indigenous, and rural populations have considerably worse health indicators than national or regional averages. For each of the eight participating countries, health targets were set to measure the progress of improvements in maternal and child health produced by the Initiative. To establish a baseline, we conducted censuses of 90, households, completed 20, household interviews, and surveyed health facilities in the poorest areas of Mesoamerica.
Pairing health facility and household surveys allows us to link barriers to care and health outcomes with health system infrastructure components and quality of health services. Indicators varied significantly within and between countries. Anemia was most prevalent in Panama and least prevalent in Honduras. Availability of contraceptives also varied. IUDs were observed in only These data provide a baseline of much-needed information for evidence-based action on health throughout Mesoamerica. Latino adults ages years who were active patients within Mountain Park Health Center's internal medicine practice in Phoenix, Ariz.
During the first 2 years of recruitment into the SPS Biobank, 2, patients were approached and 1, Collaborative efforts such as the SPS Biobank are critical for ensuring that underrepresented minority populations are included in precision medicine initiatives and biomedical. Amor y Salud Love and Health: To develop, and implement, a social marketing campaign to increase preconception health knowledge among second-generation Latinas in Oregon.
Social marketing demonstration project. Latino communities in five Oregon counties. Target populations included young Latinas years old born in the United States of immigrant parents in five Oregon counties, and their family members. Social media, Web sites, and culturally relevant print materials promoted the radio campaign. Process data, social media metrics, Google analytics, online and intercept surveys were collected.
Basic frequencies and descriptive statistics were used. Twelve episodes were produced in English and Spanish and played on nine radio stations a total of times. The Facebook page was viewed 11, times, and radionovela episodes were played a total of times. Amor y Salud used mixed media--radio, social media, print materials--to encourage Latinas to consider their preconception health. Anecdotally, we heard positive comments from community members and local media regarding the radionovela; however, evaluation challenges prevent us from saying conclusively that knowledge on this topic increased.
Arte con Salud Research-Informed Intervention. The collaboration has been crucial to validate the impact of using art as a tool to facilitate sexual negotiation skills and safer sexual practices among adult women have sex with men participating in HIV prevention education. This article describes the vision, valley, victory phases endured to establish a community-academia partnership based on the CPPR framework as an effective mean to implement a randomized controlled trial intervention RCT. We also discuss the barriers, outcomes, and lessons learned from this partnership.
Some of the identified solutions include: These solutions helped to build trust among the community and academic partners. As a result of this collaboration, a total of 86 participants were enrolled and 5 competitive research grants have been submitted. The community-academic collaboration was essential in order to build a solid research infrastructure that addresses the complexities of HIV prevention education among groups of Puerto Rican women.
Authors draw from an analysis of transcript data from in-depth interviews conducted with CHWs to present a description of the strategies employed by the CHWs to build leadership skills and knowledge among community members. CHWs also discuss their own personal and professional development. Based on CHWs' descriptions of their work, this type of involvement appears to build the CHWs' leadership skills and sense of efficacy to create change in their communities. By serving as community organizers and participating as producers of research, rather than acting merely as a deliverer of the intervention activities, the CHWs were able to build skills that make them more successful as CHWs.
We surveyed users of the Hospital Comunitario de Salud Familiar El Carmen and their companions to analyze knowledge and practices regarding cystic echinococcosis and trichinellosis. Most people recognized risky practices. Previous attendance at talks and working in agricultural-livestock enhanced the knowledge. Age, sex and formal education were not associated with the knowledge. Knowledge was not associated with practices. Reflejos de Salud " Study. Reflejos de Salud " was a successful family-based randomized controlled trial designed to improve dietary behaviors and intake among U.
Latino families, specifically fruit and vegetable intake. The novel intervention design merged a community health worker "promotora" model with an entertainment-education…. Findings of this community outreach initiative include data from promotora pledges and self-skill behaviors, cardiovascular disease risk factors of Latino families, family heart-health education delivery, and program costs associated with promotora time.
Using several evaluation tools, the results showed that the promotora approach worked based on evidence obtained from the following indicators: Strengths and limitations of the promotora model approach are also discussed. Using intervention mapping to develop a breast and cervical cancer screening program for Hispanic farmworkers: This article describes the development of the Cultivando La Salud program, an intervention to increase breast and cervical cancer screening for Hispanic farmworker women.
Processes and findings of intervention mapping IM , a planning process for development of theory and evidence-informed program are discussed. The six IM steps are presented: The article also describes how qualitative and quantitative findings informed intervention development. IM helped ensure that theory and evidence guided a the identification of behavioral and environmental factors related to a target health problem and b the selection of the most appropriate methods and strategies to address the identified determinants.
IM also guided the development of program materials and implementation by lay health workers. Also reported are findings of the pilot study and effectiveness trial. Biomedical journals are the most used and important venue to disseminate and interchange scientific information, and evaluation is an important component. The calculated impact factor in ISI journals was 0. This population is generally unaware of important lifestyle or behavioral changes that can prevent CVD.
An agency-community partnership, under the leadership of the Community Alliance for Heart Health, guided all stages of the community intervention project. The multimedia bilingual community intervention included television telenovela format public service announcements PSAs , radio programs, brochures, recipe booklets, charlas, a promotores training manual, and motivational videos. An evaluation survey assessed the impact of the intervention. A pre-post intervention survey was conducted with more than participants, and results showed that the respondents were substantially more aware of risk factors for CVD, and had greatly increased their knowledge of ways to prevent heart disease.
In addition, Univision, the largest Spanish-language broadcast television network, is airing the initiative's PSAs. Also, training seminars for promotores are being conducted in different regions of the United States, and several locations are planning to replicate this. Training medical students in the social determinants of health: Given the large influence of social conditions on health, physicians may be more effective if they are trained to identify and address social factors that impact health.
Despite increasing interest in teaching the social determinants of health in undergraduate medical education, few models exist. We present a 9-month pilot course on the social determinants of health for medical and other health professional students, which is based at Puentes de Salud , Philadelphia, PA, USA, a community health center serving a Latino immigrant population. This service-learning course, called the Health Scholars Program HSP , was developed and implemented by volunteer medical and public health faculty in partnership with the community-based clinic.
The HSP curriculum combines didactic instruction with service experiences at Puentes de Salud and opportunities for critical reflection. The HSP curriculum also includes a longitudinal project where students develop, implement, and evaluate an intervention to address a community-defined need. In our quantitative evaluation, students reported high levels of agreement with the HSP meeting stated course goals, including developing an understanding of the social determinants of health and working effectively with peers to implement community-based projects.
Qualitative assessments revealed students' perception of learning more about this topic in the HSP than in their formal medical training and of developing a long-term desire to serve vulnerable communities as a result. Our experience with the HSP suggests that partnerships between academic medical centers and community-based organizations can create a feasible, effective, and sustainable platform for teaching medical students about the social determinants of health. Similar medical education programs in the future should seek to achieve a larger scale and to evaluate both students' educational experiences and community-defined outcomes.
Reducing the smoking population is still high on the policy agenda, as smoking leads to many preventable diseases, such as lung cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and more. In Austria, data on smoking prevalence only exists at the federal state level. This provides an interesting overview about the current health situation, but for regional planning authorities these data are often insufficient as they can hide pockets of high and low smoking prevalence in certain municipalities.
This paper presents a spatial-temporal change of estimated smokers for municipalities from and A synthetic dataset of smokers is built by combining individual large-scale survey data and small area census data using a deterministic spatial microsimulation approach. Statistical analysis, including chi-square test and binary logistic regression, are applied to find the best variables for the simulation model and to validate its results.
As no easy-to-use spatial microsimulation software for non-programmers is available yet, a flexible web-based spatial microsimulation application for health decision support called sim SALUD has been developed and used for these analyses. The results of the simulation show in general a decrease of smoking prevalence within municipalities between and and differences within areas are identified. These results are especially valuable to policy decision makers for future planning strategies.
This case study shows the application of smoke SALUD to model the spatial-temporal changes in the smoking population in Austria between and This is important as no data on smoking exists at this geographical scale municipality. However, spatial microsimulation models are useful tools to estimate small area health data and to overcome these problems. The simulations and analysis should support health decision makers to identify hot spots of smokers and this should help to show where to spend health resources best in order to reduce health.
Relationship between nutrition and health and determinants of dietary habits and nutritional status. NutriNet- Salud Mexico is a digital health information system, e-epidemiology instrument, online, open and free, to recording and analysis the determinants of dietary habits and nutritional status of the Mexican population, for the prevention of overweight, obesity and noncommunicable diseases for the period NutriNet- Salud Mexico platform is the basis for the development of health information system for prospective cohort study, scheduled for a period of 10 years , with a dedicated website, and its development will enable to have multiple study populations within an initial set of five self-applicable questionnaires validated in Mexican population.
The information will enable to develop applied research, learn and monitor food contributions and nutritional status of the population, assess the impact of public health actions on feeding behavior and nutritional status, comparing populations between countries Mexico, France, Belgium and Switzerland and national institutes, universities and states.
NutriNet- Salud Mexico will provide information for assist in research and public action, especially to guide public policies on nutrition Mexico. The scientific elements will make appropriate nutritional recommendations to different populations and access to a representative nominal population sample with low-cost, in real-time, and with dual approach to e-epidemiology: There is a need for culturally relevant nutrition programs targeted to underserved cancer survivors. Participants were randomized to Intervention and Control groups.
Diet recalls, detailed interviews, fasting blood, and anthropometric measures were collected at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Linear regression models adjusted for stratification factors and estimated marginal means were used to compare changes in diet from baseline to 3 and 6 months. Baseline characteristics were the following: The implementation of health promotion in primary and community care: The impact of lifestyle on health is undeniable and effective healthy lifestyle promotion interventions do exist.
However, this is not a fundamental part of routine primary care clinical practice. We describe factors that determine changes in performance of primary health care centers involved in piloting the health promotion innovation 'Prescribe Vida Saludable ' PVS phase II. We engaged four primary health care centers of the Basque Healthcare Service in an action research project aimed at changing preventive health practices. Prescribe Healthy Life PVS from the Spanish "Prescribe Vida Saludable is focused on designing, planning, implementing and evaluating innovative programs to promote multiple healthy habits, feasible to be performed in routine primary health care conditions.
We completed qualitative inductive and deductive analysis of five focus groups with the staff of the centers. Themes generated through consensual grounded qualitative analysis were compared between centers to identify the dimensions that explain the variation in actual implementation of PVS, and retrospectively organized and assessed against the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research CFIR. Of the 36 CFIR constructs, 11 were directly related to the level of implementation performance: Additionally, another seven constructs emerged in the participants' discourse but were not related to center performance: The existence of the celestial bodies is known due to the light they emit.
But light is a small part of a bigger phenomenon known as electromagnetic radiation. The representation of all kinds of electromagnetic radiation as a function of its frequency is called the electromagnetic spectrum. If we only studied the visible part of the spectrum, we would ignore a great deal of information. The celestial bodies emit radiation in all the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, with very different intensity.
To capture these data, astronomers design new types of telescopes that capture radiation at different wavelengths, among them the radiotelescopes that, as the name indicates, detect radio waves. The radiotelescope can be compared to a regular radio set. A radio station sends information by means of radio waves. The radio set captures these waves by means of its antenna, processes it and reproduces the information music, etc.
In the field of radioastronomy, interesting observations can be carried out: La presencia de los cuerpos celestes se conoce gracias a que emiten luz. El radiotelescopio puede compararse a un aparato. To assess the financial protection of public health insurance by analyzing the percentage of households with catastrophic health expenditure HCHE in Mexico and its relationship with poverty status, size of locality, federal entity, insurance status and items of health spending.
Through a probit model, factors associated with the occurrence of catastrophic spending are identified. Analysis was performed using Stata-SE In there were 2. The estimated probit model correctly classified Factors affecting the catastrophic expenditures were affiliation, presence of chronic disease, hospitalization expenditure, rural condition and that the household is below the food poverty line.
The percentage of HCHE decreased in recent years, improving financial protection in health. This decline seems to have stalled, keeping inequities in access to health services, especially in rural population without affiliation to any health institution, below the food poverty line and suffering from chronic diseases.
Engaging Men as Promotores de Salud: The promotor de salud , or community health worker CHW role, is highly feminized and little is known about how men view their participation in CHW programs. We conducted in-depth interviews with Latino men in North Carolina to explore this gap. We used systematic coding and display procedures informed by Grounded Theory to analyze the data. Men described their communities as lacking cohesion, making integration of Latino immigrants difficult. Most did not consider themselves leaders or feel they had leaders in their communities.
They also did not think they could perform the CHW role because they lacked education, skills, and broad networks. Efforts to increase male participation in CHW programs in new Latino immigrant destinations will need to understand and address these gender and migration-related dynamics in order to engage both women and men in improving the health of their communities.
Project Salud evaluates the efficacy of a community-based intervention to reduce risk behaviors and enhance factors for HIV-preventative behaviors. A randomized controlled trial of high risk Latino migrant workers was conducted between and Participants completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview questionnaire at baseline and 3- and 9-month post-intervention follow-ups. Both interventions consisted of four 2.
Relative to the comparison condition, A-SEMI participants reported more consistent condom use, were less likely to report never having used condoms, and were more likely to have used condoms at last sexual encounter during the past 90 and 30 days. A-SEMI participants also experienced a positive change in regard to factors for HIV-preventive behaviors over the entire 9-month period.
Our results support the implementation of community-based, culturally tailored interventions among Latino migrant workers. Engaging men as promotores de salud: Their perceptions of the feminized CHW role as well as the volunteer or low-paid nature of CHW work conflicted with men's provider role. To address the problem of overweight and obesity in Mexico, in the Acuerdo Nacional para la Salud Alimentaria was published.
At school level, food service providers were considered essential to comply with certain commitments. The goal of this intervention was to train school food service providers in school eating establishments SEE as to the criteria in the general guidelines for the sale and distribution of food in schools of basic education. Based on an initial diagnosis, a class-workshop of 5 sessions was designed. Knowledge regarding food was evaluated at the beginning and end of the sessions. The percentage of adherence regarding general hygiene and food preparation and distribution was obtained at the beginning, one month, and two months post-intervention.
School food service providers had little knowledge on the objectives of the Acuerdo in food groups and combination, as well as reading labels; there were significant changes in the last two after intervention. The preparation and distribution of food did not show significant changes.
School food service providers acquired knowledge about the guidelines that a SEE comply with, without putting them into practice, given the economic impact that it implies. This research employs an archive of tobacco industry documents triangulated with materials from commercial, media, regulatory and NGO sources to examine the financial relations between Slim and the tobacco industry.
It demonstrates a prima facie conflict of interest between ICSS's health mission and its founder's involvement in cigarette manufacturing and marketing, reflected on ICSS's website as a resounding silence on issues of tobacco and health. It is concluded that the reliance of international health agencies upon the commercial sector requires more robust institutional policies to effectively regulate conflicts of interest.
To promote an ongoing improvement in safety and occupational health for all the workers in the Basque Autonomous Region, through the management of programmes in matters affecting safety, hygiene, the environment and occupational health. To co-ordinate and concentrate the different activities related to occupational health, unifying and giving coherence to the functions which were previously the jurisdiction of different departments. Making companies aware of national and E. Providing companies with the ideal means for managing the safety and health of their workers.
Promoting the implementation of systems which guarantee an ongoing improvement in occupational safety and health in the companies of the Basque Autonomous Region. Providing the technical and research support that makes it possible to tackle prevention efficiently. The provision established in the Creation Act O.
Understanding the dynamics of the Seguro Popular de Salud policy implementation in Mexico from a complex adaptive systems perspective. In , Mexico's Seguro Popular de Salud SPS , was launched as an innovative financial mechanism implemented to channel new funds to provide health insurance to 50 million Mexicans and to reduce systemic financial inequities.
- Dilemmas in the care of children whose families refuse vaccination.
- El Liderazgo Emocional Y Su Repercusión En Las Instituciones Educativas Españolas (pdf) | Paperity?
- ¿Es la inteligencia emocional una cuestión de género? Socialización.
- Emocionalmente.
- !
- .
The objective of this article is to understand the complexity and dynamics that contributed to the adaptation of the policy in the implementation stage, how these changes occurred, and why, from a complex and adaptive systems perspective. A complex adaptive systems CAS framework was used to carry out a secondary analysis of data obtained from four SPS's implementation evaluations. We first identified key actors, their roles, incentives and power, and their responses to the policy and guidelines.
We then developed a causal loop diagram to disentangle the feedback dynamics associated with the modifications of the policy implementation which we then analyzed using a CAS perspective. Implementation variations were identified in seven core design features during the first 10 years of implementation period, and in each case, the SPS's central coordination introduced modifications in response to the reactions of the different actors. We identified several CAS phenomena associated with these changes including phase transitions, network emergence, resistance to change, history dependence, and feedback loops.
Our findings generate valuable lessons to policy implementation processes, especially those involving a monetary component, where the emergence of coping mechanisms and other CAS phenomena inevitably lead to modifications of policies and their interpretation by those who implement them. These include the difficulty of implementing strategies that aim to pool funds through solidarity among beneficiaries where the rich support the poor when there are no incentives for the rich to do so.
Also, how resistance to change and history dependence can pose significant challenges to implementing changes, where the local actors use their significant power. Over the past several decades, Puerto Ricans have faced increased health threats from chronic diseases, particularly diabetes and hypertension. Likewise, traditional research approaches within communities have placed academic researchers at the center of the process, considering their knowledge was of greater value than that of the community.
In this paradigm, the academic researcher frequently owns and controls the research process. In contrast, the community-based participatory research CBPR model brings community members and leaders together with researchers in a process that supports mutual learning and empowers the community to take a leadership role in its own health and well-being. The patient-provider relationship is the main platform for individual disease management, whereas the community, as an agent of change for the community's health status, has been limited in its support of individual health.
The primary aim is contributing to the scientific knowledge, but not necessarily to improve the community's health status or empower communities for social change. This project represents a collaborative effort to understand and address the community's health needs and health disparities based on the community's participation as keystone of the process. This participatory approach represents a valuable ally in the development of long-term community-academy partnerships, thus providing opportunities to establish relevant and effective ways to translate evidence-based interventions into concrete actions that impact the individual and community's wellbeing.
Healthy competition drives success in results-based aid: This success in meeting pre-defined targets is rare in the world of financial assistance for health. We investigated the influential aspects of SMI that could have contributed to its effectiveness in improving health systems, with the aim of providing international donors, bilateral organizations, philanthropies, and recipient countries with new perspectives that can help increase the effectiveness of future assistance for health, specifically in the arena of RBA.
Qualitative methods based on the criteria of relevance and effectiveness proposed by the Development Assistance Committee of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Our methods included document review, key informant interviews, a focus group discussion, and a partnership analysis. A purposive sample of key informants, comprising donors, representatives from the Inter-American Development Bank, ministries of health, technical assistance organizations, evaluation organizations, and health care providers.
Themes emerged relative to the topics we investigated, and covered the design and the drivers of success of the initiative. The success is due to 1 the initiative's regional approach, which pressured recipient countries to compete toward meeting targets, 2 a robust and flexible design that incorporated the richness of input from stakeholders at all levels, 3 the design-embedded evaluation component that created a culture of accountability among recipient countries, and 4 the reflective knowledge environment that created a culture of evidence-based decision-making. A regional approach involving all appropriate stakeholders, and based on knowledge sharing and.
Meta Salud Diabetes study protocol: Introduction Northern Mexico has among the highest rates of cardiovascular disease CVD and diabetes in the world. This research addresses core gaps in implementation science to develop, test and scale-up CVD risk-reduction interventions in diabetics through a national primary care health system. The MSD intervention consists of 2-hour class sessions delivered over a week period providing educational information to encourage sustainable behavioural change to prevent disease complications including the adoption of physical activity.
Mixed models are used to estimate the effect of MSD by comparing cardiovascular risk, as measured by the Framingham Risk Score, between the trial arms. Secondary outcomes include hypertension, behavioural risk factors and psychosocial factors. The first Internal Review Board approval date was 31 August with five subsequent approved amendments. This article refers to protocol V. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication and presentation at.
Dilemmas in the care of children whose families refuse vaccination
Results of Mujeres Felices por ser Saludables: Data are limited on the efficacy of health-focused interventions for young, low-acculturated Latino women. Because breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the most common cause of cancer mortality in this population, combined interventions that address both early detection and dietary patterns could help reduce both morbidity and mortality associated with breast cancer in this underserved population.
Mujeres Felices por ser Saludables was randomized intervention study designed to assess the efficacy of an 8-month combined dietary and breast health intervention to reduce fat and increase fiber intake as well as to increase the frequency and proficiency of breast self-examination BSE and reduce anxiety related to BSE among Latinas.
The intervention group attended an 8-month multicomponent education program designed specifically for low-acculturated Latinas. The control group received mailed health education material on a schedule comparable to the intervention. A total of women The intervention and control groups were similar on baseline sociodemographic characteristics. La region fronteriza de los Estados Unidos y Mexico abarca una gran diversidad de ambientes fisicos y habitaciones, entre los cuales estan los humedales, desiertos, pastos, montanas, y bosques.
Estos a su vez son unicos en cuanto a su diversidad de recursos acuaticos minerales, y biologicos. La region se interconecta economica, politica, y socialmente debido a su herencia binacional. En , cerca de 11 millones de habitantes vivian en la zona adyacente a la frontera. Un estudio sugiere que esa poblacion podria doblarse antes del ano En resumen, Goleman muy recientemente nos aportaba que: Respecto a la mejora de las relaciones interpersonales.
Son indudables los beneficios que la IE aporta a las relaciones que se establecen en las organizaciones, por ende en los centros educativos. La inteligencia emocional es una capacidad clave para toda persona la hora de interrelacionarse eficazmente. Y esto nos hace preguntamos: Para reforzar esta idea utilizaremos las palabras de Ortiz de Zarate que dicen lo siguiente: Dinamiza en base a la inteligencia emocional. El liderazgo basado en ciertas habilidades personales y en el desarrollo de las mismas en los miembros del grupo. Es un director de emociones.
Universidad de Granada, Tesis doctoral.
De Pelakis , C. Consultado el 20 de Septiembre, , de http: Inteligencia emocional y burnout en profesores. Siete principios para el liderazgo en centros educativos innovadores. Lorenzo Delgado , M. Las visiones actuales del liderazgo en las instituciones educativas. En Lorenzo Delgado, M. El liderazgo en las organizaciones educativas: La inteligencia emocional p. Ortiz de Zarate , M. Capital Humano , , 56 -