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Thomas Traherne
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- Thomas Traherne - Wikipedia.
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- James J. Balakier. Thomas Traherne and the Felicities of the Mind. - Free Online Library.
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Amazon Drive Cloud storage from Amazon. Alexa Actionable Analytics for the Web. AmazonGlobal Ship Orders Internationally. It is a polemical treatise in the form of a dialogue between two men—a Protestant and a Roman Catholic. Relying on the Scriptures and the pronouncements of the First Council of Nicaea to formulate the idea of a legitimate church authority, Traherne criticises the state of the contemporary Catholic Church and claims through a conspiracy theory that because the Vatican has had control over the manuscripts that the Catholic Church was in a position to corrupt, misuse or suppress documents to support its claim to authority.
Because of human limitations and failings, one cannot build a suitable and coherent moral system of beliefs—those virtues must derive from a divine source and their reward from perceiving the infinite love of God at the root of all things. Given some of the autobiographical and confessional material in his works notably in Centuries of Meditations , Traherne must have suffered from a lack of faith in his formative years at Oxford.
He describes this as a period of Apostasy and that he later found his way back to faith:. My very ignorance was advantageous. I seemed as one brought into the Estate of Innocence.
All things were spotless and pure and glorious: However, there is an alternative reading possible, which may be closer to the facts of Traherne's experience as he expresses them in the quote above. This is that he did not suffer a loss of faith, but rather identified his maturation away from a natural, innocent child's view of the world and his place in it, from an innate understanding of the wonder of God's creation, to a burdened grappling with the rules and expectation of church and society as an apostasy itself, which he had to overcome then by careful and disciplined study "the highest reason".
This childlike, accepting, and joyous view of faith and religious ecstasy is at the core of the writing from which the excerpt above is drawn, and is part of the reason for Traherne's appeal. Traherne dedicated considerable examination to the subject of sin and its place vis-a-vis the church doctrines.
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In the recently discovered work, A Sober View of Dr Twisse , Traherne discusses sin and salvation within the frame of a larger discussion of questions of election and reprobation. The loss of that Love is Hell: Thus did sin exclude him Heaven.
Traherne's works are inherently mystical in that they seek to understand and embrace the nature of God within his creation and within man's soul. Traherne seems to describe his own journey of faith in Centuries of Meditation , which was likely written when Traherne was at Credenhill—a work that is noted for its "spiritual intensity," and "the wide scope of the writer's survey" which includes "all heaven and earth he takes for the province of the pious soul". In the spirit of the gospels, [31] Traherne's "great theme is the visionary innocence of childhood," and his writings suggest "that adults have lost the joy of childhood, and with it an understanding of the divine nature of creation.
In this respect, Traherne's work is often compared to the abounding joy and mysticism found in the works of William Blake , Walt Whitman , and Gerard Manley Hopkins. He drew deeply on the writings of Aristotle and on the early Church Fathers for his concept of Man and human nature.
A review of "Thomas Traherne and the Felicities of the Mind" by James J. Balakier
Little mention is made of sin and suffering in the works that have dominated 20th-century criticism, and some critics have seen his verse as bordering upon pantheism or perhaps panentheism. Traherne is heavily influenced by the works of Neoplatonist philosophers and several of his contemporaries who were called the Cambridge Platonists. They believed that religion and reason could be in harmony with one another based on a mystical understanding of reason—believing that reason rose beyond mere sense perception but was "the candle of the Lord" and an echo of the divine residing within the human soul.
Reason was both God-given and of God. Salter notes that Traherne "writes of the senses as if they were spiritual and of the spirit as if it were sensuous. However, according to Gladys Wade's biography of Traherne, she distinguished that the Cambridge Platonists "wasted their energies on Hermetic and Cabalistic and Rosicrucian lore, and on incredible experiments in magic and necromancy," and remarked that Traherne's mysticism was "perfectly free from any taint of this.
Another great passion that is depicted in Traherne's work is his love of nature and the natural world, frequently displayed in a very Romantic treatment of nature that has been described as characteristically pantheist or panentheist.
James J. Balakier. Thomas Traherne and the Felicities of the Mind.
While Traherne credits a divine source for its creation, his praise of nature seems nothing less than what one would expect to find in Thoreau. Many scholars consider Traherne a writer of the sublime , and in his writing he seems to have tried to reclaim the lost appreciation for the natural world, as well as paying tribute to what he knew of in nature that was more powerful than he was. In this sense Traherne seems to have anticipated the Romantic movement more than years before it actually occurred.
Because Traherne's works were lost for years after his death they did not influence other writers until the 20th century. Indeed, while Samuel Johnson included him in his criticism of what he termed "metaphysical" poetry, many of Johnson's contemporaries did not know of Traherne. Since their rediscovery, however, they have influenced the thought and writings of Trappist monk, social activist, and author Thomas Merton , crime writer and Christian humanist Dorothy L.
Sayers , poet Elizabeth Jennings and Christian apologist C. Lewis called Centuries of Meditations "almost the most beautiful book in English. In the English composer Gerald Finzi — completed a cantata for solo voice typically a soprano or tenor soloist and string orchestra entitled Dies natalis his Opus number 8 of which four movements are settings of writings by Traherne: The premiere of the cantata was cancelled due to the outbreak of the Second World War, with the first performance held at Wigmore Hall on 26 January under the baton of Maurice Miles.
A review of "Thomas Traherne and the Felicities of the Mind" by James J. Balakier
In commemoration of his poems and spiritual writings, Thomas Traherne is included in the Calendar of Saints in many national churches within the Anglican Communion. In the General Convention of the Episcopal Church in the United States approved the following Collect for the observation of Traherne's feast day:. Help us to know thee in thy creation and in our neighbors, and to understand our obligations to both, that we may ever grow into the people thou hast created us to be; through our Savior Jesus Christ, who with thee and the Holy Spirit liveth and reigneth, one God, in everlasting light.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Teddington , Middlesex , England. Centuries of Traherne Families privately published, — The Members of the University of Oxford, their parentage, birthplace, and year of birth, with a record of their degrees. Retrieved 29 November Dobell, , xvi.
Thomas, the poet and writer, was the oldest of two sons born to Philipp's third wife, Mary or Marie Lane. Thomas was the second of Philipp's sons to be named Thomas—the first, the youngest son by his second wife, died in infancy. Dobell, , xxxiii. Archived 15 April at Archive. This is a book review of Buresh, David editor.
Waking Up in Heaven: Retrieved 3 April A New Traherne Manuscript". The Metaphysical Poets ; Gardner, Helen. Oxford University Press, Modern Science and Vedic Science. Centuries of Meditation , Century V, Meditation Notes and Queries The Poetical Works of Thomas Traherne, ? XVI, in Ross, Jan editor.