More sympathetic engravings show groups of humiliated, distraught, sometimes frail and elderly, priests, assembling at ports before embarking for exile. Scarcely the tip of the mountain of Jesuit Latin writing that survives from this period has been explored, which is perhaps symptomatic of a lingering prejudice against later neo-Latin writing tout court. In addition to letters, diaries, and histories, we find long Latin scientific poems, demonstrating Enlightenment values; highly affective devotional pieces; mournful elegies; satires; and nostalgic epics, celebrating a heroic past of missionaries and martyrs.
Aside from what these works report explicitly and convey implicitly about the emotional experience of subjects of the suppression—from outrage, melancholy, and despair to nostalgia, pride, and hope—the very fact of their being written in Latin demands to be considered from the perspective of the history of emotions. As the early modern Society began to fracture in the second half of the eighteenth century and to face challenges to its Latin humanist education, what degree of emotional investment did its members have in conserving and perpetuating their long Latin literary traditions?
I did not protect them at all when they were powerful. In their adversity I see them only as men of letters who would be very difficult to replace for the education of our youth. But to what extent did this Latin humanist education of the Jesuits serve as a life-raft for them during the period of the suppression—not just in the most obvious sense that it afforded them a living in the territories of Frederick ii and Catherine the Great r. Was humanist Latin cultivated consciously by suppression Jesuits as a point of pride and solidarity, if not of Jesuit distinctiveness?
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From the middle of the eighteenth century, Jesuit poets in Italy produced long Latin scientific poems on subjects from acoustics to eclipses to electricity, effectively demonstrating Enlightenment values to one another and to the wider Republic of Letters. The s, it seems, was the most fertile decade for the publication of such Lucretian-style scientific poems in Italy, the very years in which the suppression was unfolding across Portugal, France, and Spain. Giuseppe Maria Mazzolari — , professor of rhetoric at the Roman College, devoted much of the final book of his six-book Latin poem on electricity, Electrica Rome, , to celebrating the humanistic and scientific achievements of his Italian Jesuit brothers on the eve of the suppression.
So I come, finally, to the Portuguese, Emanuel de Azevedo. Antony in Lisbon, where he composed a Latin play that was performed in front of King John v r. Enjoying the admiration and favor of the pope, whose collected works he meticulously edited, Azevedo was set for a brilliant ecclesiastical career. I set aside here his considerable output of pious, and especially liturgical, works, but will mention his verse Fasti Antoniani in which the life of St.
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Anthony of Padua is fitted to an Ovidian framework. A certain person 33 in whom literary taste and kindness of spirit are marvelously matched persuaded me, and I could say, almost forced me to render into Latin verse some of the more celebrated Italian sonnets, making clear to me that he needed them to be done, and with great care. This pressure, however, was nothing but an invention of his and emblematic of his most heartfelt friendship.
PORTO EXIT GAMES
Nearly ten years had passed since I was engaged in affairs very different from those which beckon one to the pleasant pursuits of the Muses and Parnassus; when my heart was struck by the bitter misfortunes of some of my dearest friends, I found myself overwhelmed by great afflictions and vexed by very painful thoughts. I applied myself to serious studies, to composing some dissertations and to the reading of learned books, to distract my afflicted mind—since the help of my friends proved futile—but in vain.
He knew that for the saints a quarter of an hour of mental prayer was enough to restore serenity to the soul. He knew that the moral philosophers prescribed other remedies to calm it—but not all medicines are suited to all temperaments. I therefore tried to occupy my imagination with Latin verses, and in four months I succeeded in composing eight books of the twelve that comprise my poem in which I describe the famous city of Venice.
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I cannot pretend that I did not derive some relief from the new activity, but then new misadventures befalling other friends of mine summoned back the suffering of my heart, causing it even more excruciating pain. And so, the same estimable man of letters brought me these sonnets, requesting a translation with such insistence that he sometimes came to visit me three times a day to see whether I had fulfilled his commission, and advising me to make haste. So far, then, we have seen Azevedo turning to Latin verse to distract himself from painful emotions, presumably of the suppression.
We shall find these emotions expressed more openly in a volume published in under the title Heroum libri 4; Ad heroas epistolae [Four books of heroic verse; Letters to heroes].
Portuguese Variant of Landry, Written and Engraved by a Woman - SMU
After a rousing and jubilant verse letter of dedication, thanking the Russians for protecting the Jesuits, Azevedo announces in a candid statement in prose, not quite a formal preface: So here, apparently for the first time, Azevedo makes clear the source of the painful emotions to which he had adverted in a more roundabout way in his volume of translated sonnets.
Is this an indication, perhaps, that the present work s was intended as much for an internal Jesuit audience as for the Russian power couple or the wider Republic of Letters? Indeed, the first part of the volume is taken up with a scarcely known four-book epic poem on the return of the Jesuits from the American missions. The collection as printed is not in strict date order but has been arranged for rhetorical effect.
Visit our Streaming Guide. The pig slaughter is a very ancient tradition, which along the years evolved differently in the regions where it was a custom. All family members gathered around this occasion and it was considered a joyful day for everyone. In our days, the pig slaughter is considered by many a barbaric act, similar to the bullfighting of death. This cultural change was the beginning of the creation of a more humane legislation. Despite the moral and legal issues that the subject raises, the pig slaughter is a popular tradition and deserves to be captured on film for the future generations to judge.
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