Street begging has happened in most societies around the world, though its prevalence and exact form vary. Ancient Greeks distinguished between the penes Greek: The penes was somebody with a job, only not enough to make a living, while the ptochos depended on others entirely. The working poor were accorded a higher social status.
From early modern England, another example is Robert Greene in his coney-catching pamphlets, the titles of which included "The Defence of Conny-catching," in which he argued there were worse crimes to be found among "reputable" people. The Beggar's Opera is a ballad opera in three acts written in by John Gay. There are similar writers for many European countries in the early modern period. According to Jackson J.
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Spielvogel , "Poverty was a highly visible problem in the eighteenth century, both in cities and in the countryside Beggars in Bologna were estimated at 25 percent of the population; in Mainz, figures indicate that 30 percent of the people were beggars or prostitutes In France and Britain by the end of the century, an estimated 10 percent of the people depended on charity or begging for their food. The British Poor Laws , dating from the Renaissance , placed various restrictions on begging. At various times, begging was restricted to the disabled. This system developed into the workhouse , a state-operated institution where those unable to obtain other employment were forced to work in often grim conditions in exchange for a small amount of food.
The welfare state of the 20th century greatly reduced the number of beggars by directly providing for the basic necessities of the poor from state funds. Beggary is an age old social phenomenon in India. In the medieval and earlier times begging was considered to be an acceptable occupation which was embraced within the traditional social structure. In contemporary India, beggars are often stigmatized as undeserving. People often believe that beggars are not destitute and instead call them professional beggars.
Their studies indicate that 99 percent men and 97 percent women resort to beggary due to abject poverty, distress migration from rural villages and the unavailability of employment. Many religions have prescribed begging as the only acceptable means of support for certain classes of adherents, including Hinduism , Sufism , Buddhism , and typically to provide a way for certain adherents to focus exclusively on spiritual development without the possibility of becoming caught up in worldly affairs.
Tzedakah plays a central role in Judaism. In Buddhism , monks and nuns traditionally live by begging for alms , as did the historical Gautama Buddha himself.
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This is, among other reasons, so that lay people can gain religious merit by giving food, medicines, and other essential items to the monks. The monks seldom need to plead for food; in villages and towns throughout modern Myanmar , Thailand , Cambodia , Vietnam , and other Buddhist countries, householders can often be found at dawn every morning streaming down the road to the local temple to give food to the monks.
In East Asia, monks and nuns were expected to farm or work for returns to feed themselves. Begging has been restricted or prohibited at various times and for various reasons, typically revolving around a desire to preserve public order or to induce people to work rather than to beg for economic or moral reasons. Various European poor laws prohibited or regulated begging from the Renaissance to modern times, with varying levels of effectiveness and enforcement.
Similar laws were adopted by many developing countries such as India. This legislation is outlined in the Summary Offences Act - Section 12 [13].
There is no nationwide ban but it is illegal in several federal states. The province of Ontario introduced its Safe Streets Act in to restrict specific kinds of begging, particularly certain narrowly defined cases of "aggressive" or abusive begging. One response to the anti-panhandling laws which were passed was the creation of the Ottawa Panhandlers Union which fights for the political rights of panhandlers.
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The union is a shop of the Industrial Workers of the World. There are also critics in that province who oppose such laws. For the first case, offenders would receive a detention between 10 days and 15 days, with an additional fine under RMB 1,; for the second case, it is punishable by a 5-day detention or warning.
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According to Article 2 or the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, organizing disabled or children under 14 to beg is illegal and will be punished by up to 7 years in prison, and fined. Begging in Denmark is illegal under section of the penal code. Begging or letting a member of your household under 18 beg is illegal after being warned by the police and is punishable by 6 months in jail.
Begging has been legal in Finland since when the poor law was invalidated. In , the Public Order Act replaced any local government rules and completely decriminalized begging. A law against begging ended in but begging with aggressive animals or children is still outlawed.
Under article of the Greek Penal Code, begging is punishable by up to 6 months in jail and up to a euro fine. Hungary has a nationwide ban. This may include stricter related laws in cities such as Budapest , which prohibits picking things from rubbish bins. Therefore, during the implementation of this law the homeless are often mistaken as beggars. Begging with children or animals is forbidden but the law is not enforced. Buddhist monks appear in public when begging for alms. Begging in Luxembourg is legal except when it is indulged in as a group or the beggar is a part of an organised effort.
According to Chachipe a Roma rights advocacy NGO begging cases were reported by Luxembourgian law enforcement authorities. Roma beggars were arrested, handcuffed, taken to police stations and held for hours and had their money confiscated.
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Begging is banned in some counties and there were plans for a nationwide ban in , however this was dropped after the Centre Party withdrew their support. Begging is prohibited in the Philippines under the Anti-Mendicancy Law of although this is not strictly enforced. In Portugal, panhandlers normally beg in front of Catholic churches, at traffic lights or on special places in Lisbon or Oporto downtowns.
An official of Guangdong provincial police department whose surname is Zeng said the authority has acknowledged the media reports and is investigating the alleged crimes. The programme also highlighted the plight of a young migrant worker called Lu Jianqiu who was enslaved as a beggar for more than 10 years after he was doped, abducted and then crippled by gang members.
His relatives and friends had been desperately searching for him said they have never seen him again since. Skip to main content. Criminal gangs 'crippling children and forcing them to work as beggars'. Wednesday, 19 March, , 7: Thursday, 20 March, , 5: More on this story. China Insider Child beggars on Beijing subway spark child trafficking fears 29 Aug China Shanghai's subway police name and shame beggars to deter them 3 Sep Most Popular Viewed 1. China agrees to lower import tariff on US cars for three months.
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