Karina Deifel who assisted me with a translation question. When Imperial Germany began to colonize parts of Africa and the South Pacific, the Welser episode resurfaced in its popular culture. Later, after the loss of its colonies at the end of WWI, Germany continued to try and make sense of its colonial past while transitioning between the short-lived German Empire, the democratic Weimar Republic, and the Third Reich.
The article concludes with an an examination of how Germans have recently decided to decolonize their public spaces. As far as the position of the [colonial] government toward the natives is concerned, the spirit of German humanity would certainly prevail. The Nicobar Islanders are the legitimate but incompetent owners of the land. They have to be protected to all intents and purposes. Their physical and spiritual well-being has to be cared for sufficiently.
In , Franz Maurer, spoke about the attempt to establish a permanent German colony in the Bay of Bengal. In the nineteenth century, Germans had conflicted feelings about staking a claim to colonial lands in light of the existing imperial-colonial possessions of the English and the French Knoll and Hiery The German Empire assumed the roles of protector, just caretaker, and teacher of German humanism to emphasize its rationale in protecting and not simply colonizing the Nicobar Islands. During this period, imperialists also sought out information on what had been the first overseas German colonial venture in the New World—the sixteenth-century Welser colony of Venezuela—to further promote the idea of the need for German protection in potential colonies.
The colonial legacy left by the imprint of the Welser period drove the idea that Imperial Germany had a legitimate right to the project of colonization in Africa and the Pacific, but, historians, politicians, and writers in the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries recalled the failure of the Welser colony amidst racialized proposals for the German colonization of Africa, and eventual genocide, including that of the Herero people.
Later, after the loss of its colonies at the end of WWI, Germany continued to try and make sense of its colonial past while paving the way for the transition between the short-lived German Empire, the democratic Weimar Republic, and the Third Reich. Germany lost 13 percent of its European territory and one-tenth of its population while simultaneously surrendering all of its extra-European colonies.
Post-WWI writers continued the project of remembering the Welser period as part of an ethnic German national identity. Venezuelan historiography, on the other hand, continued the Spanish colonial depiction of their German competitors as barbaric, [5] before a post-WWII revisionist wave in Latin America and Germany revisited this period with a critical eye to debunk the pro-nationalist agendas prevalent on both sides.
I will first provide a short history of the Welser period before analyzing German works of history and historical fiction from the nineteenth century through the Third Reich which revive the legacy of the Welser Venezuela colony. Courtesy of the Library of Congress Special Collections. At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Fugger and Welser families were the wealthiest of the patrician families in Augsburg, a Free Imperial City which had recently surpassed Nuremberg as a center for intra-European commerce. The Fugger and Welser families played an important role in Habsburg affairs as Imperial diets official meetings for the Holy Roman Empire were held in these cities.
As Emperor, Charles relied on these families to secure loans to finance his many wars Tracy By , the territory was again officially governed by the Spanish. The colony would end in tragedy for the Welsers: Carvajal had taken over as governor while the Germans had been in absentia during a three-year expedition to find gold, though he, too, would later be sentenced to death by the Royal Audience of Santo Domingo in While writers, historians, and judicial figures have imagined and reinvented the Welser colony through a variety of literary, historical, and visual genres, they differ in how positively they view this German conquest.
The Welser period of governance remained largely absent from German cultural memory for two centuries until the nineteenth-century German Empire exhumed the memory of this long-lost Venezuelan colony. During the nineteenth century, the Welser episode became a model to emulate and was lauded as the first German colony. In nineteenth-century literature, the Welser governors and lieutenant governors reappear in literary and historical works as German heroes: In a similar turn, both writers of history and historical fiction in nineteenth-century imperial Germany sought to reinvent the history of the Welser Venezuela colony for the purpose of contemporary empire-building.
In reality, Germans attempting to reimagine their colonial past oftentimes had to rely on non-German sources including Las Casas. As Suzanne Zantop elaborates in Colonial Fantasies: In fact, the retelling of the Welser story helped to circumscribe German national identity by creating a national self as colonizer.
Venezuela became part of the Welser family identity and legacy in the seventeenth century, almost one hundred years after the Welsers lost the Venezuela contract, as the map of their Venezuela possession on their genealogical tree suggests. In the nineteenth century, the figure of the sixteenth-century Swabian conquistador functioned as a model to emulate in future colonial enterprises.
New imperial officers aimed not only to solidify their colonies, but to expand them; if the Germans had failed in Venezuela, they would not do so again in Africa. This excess of meaning developed into the florid literary style that became part of nineteenth-century positivist historiographical convention. Writing at the end of the nineteenth century, Viktor Hantzsch, the German geographer, historian, and map cataloguer for the Royal Library of Dresden compiled the stories of German travelers from the early-modern era in Deutsche Reisende des XVI Jahrhunderts Hantzsch write of the Welsers: Spanish and Latin American reinterpretations of the Welser episode would describe this reliance on the reputation of German industriousness as a liability.
Hantzsch then attempts to rectify misunderstandings about the Welser governance of Venezuela:. Hantzsch was the first nineteenth-century historian who looked critically at Spanish historiography of the Welser Venezuela governance, albeit with an eye towards restoring glory to its legacy.
Hantzsch criticizes Las Casas and the Spanish historiography for its portrayal of German ruthlessness, pointing out that the Spanish and Portuguese used similar practices in their conquest. Hantzsch reframes the story by describing the Welsers as no less and no more brutal than Spanish conquistadors. Hantzsch justifies German violence against the indigenous population by relabeling their resistance as malicious: Their poisoned arrows, their misinformation, and their denial of food to the Germans were justifiable grounds for their later repression. Hantzsch concludes that although the facts could not be excused, they could be critiqued and placed in perspective: In summary, Hantzsch essentially reframes German colonial history: For some, the Venezuela Welser colony became the lost paradise that nineteenth-century German colonialists sought to reconstruct in their new grand colonial ventures.
Poets, historians, and novelists eulogized Welser agents. Seubert , himself a military colonel and commander, also wrote plays and sonnets including an anthology of sonnets dedicated to the heroes of Swabia, combining his love for history with imperial-colonial wanderlust and nostalgia. The air was alight with adventure It flew the spirit after those places full of gold. Retellings of the beheadings of Welser agents Phillip von Hutten and Bartholomeus Welser VI at the hands of Juan de Carvajal likewise describe their sacrifice as the legitimization of the German possession of Venezuela.
Seubert presents Ehinger as a forgotten hero in need of remembrance; tales from popular culture did the same with Von Hutten and Bartholomeus Welser VI. These poems and tales suggest that Welser blood ran through American lands, staining it and planting it with German roots. Seubert adopts a historical tone in his footnote, citing a Spanish source who had been the official royal chronicler for Philip II of Spain. The second volume, written by Hermann A. It is no surprise that nineteenth-century imperialists were interested in the history of the Welser Venezuela colony.
Paul Dehn, author of Deutschland und Orient , writes:. Well-known to him are the historical facts of the recent past: Balthasar Sprenger accompanied Almeida and published his travel narrative of the trip illustrated with woodcuts by Hans Burgkmair in The article references the important events of the meeting and recalls the work of Martin Behaim, the fifteenth-century Nuremberg merchant, cartographer, and the creator of the famous globe or Erdapfel which incorporated knowledge of the West African coast.
The author also refers to the Welser colony of Venezuela as inspiration for the members of the German colonial society: Dezember in Forst i. Many nineteenth-century German colonizers took colonial history as their inspiration, if not necessarily the Welser example. Wolfgang Struck describes this dynamic with respect to Carl Peters , who founded the German-East African Society and began German colonization there. In his Im Goldland des Altertums: Through these references he creates a narrative of history in which his personal role as perpetrator of violence plays out in a never-ending colonial narrative.
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Shop with an easy mind and be rest assured that your online shopping experience with SapnaOnline will be the best at all times. Our website is secured by bit SSL encryption issued by Verisign Inc , making your shopping at Sapnaonline as secure as possible. Hello World, this is a test. Aug 29th at 7: Additionally, all the tracks on the soundtrack have German titles except for the opening and ending themes. Released in Japan, the album's printed paper inserts expect a native Japanese reader, but nearly ''all'' the track names are in German for no obvious reason.
A handful are [[GratuitousFrench in French]]. The devs ''are'' German, but one wonders why the bosses have German names when nothing else does. Seibzehn is a misspelling of Siebzehn, meaning Seventeen in German. Achtzehn is correct and means Eighteen. Aug 17th at 7: Jul 31st at 4: Changed line s 80,82 click to see context from: Jul 25th at 9: Other ''Haven'' units also have text written on their robes and various ribbons and parchemins. You cannot precisely read them due the low resolution, but they seem to be in German and of the same kind, too.
Though this is never explained why. Jul 18th at 5: Jul 14th at 2: It can mean vest, bodice, jersey Jul 5th at Jul 3rd at Jun 30th at 6: Jun 24th at 9: Jun 22nd at 8: Asuka, of course, falls back on herm other tongue occasionally, especially when she is angry. Zeruel was stomping on her Unit 02]] she shouted: Ich bring dich um!
Asuka, of course, falls back on herm other her mother tongue occasionally, especially when she is angry. Asuka speaks German very frequently: Jun 17th at 5: Jun 12th at 7: Jun 11th at Jun 7th at 6: Since none of them spoke or understood enough German, they just memorized their lines and delivered them as they saw fit, which resulted in hilarious mispronunciations.
They go from simple grammar fail e. Ken describes his lover Aaden Satpulov as "the Black Ploughman of mephits". Unsurprisingly, the grammar of the title is just wrong. It would be either ''"Unaussprechliche Kulte"'' unspeakable cults or ''"Von unaussprechlichen Kulten"'' of unspeakable cults. It could be referred such in a proper German sentence with the right grammatical surroundings, but not on its own without the grammatical German context.
Dance Valley | 10 august
They only knew the words phonetically, as none of them spoke German. They almost boycotted the session, but did it on the condition that they didn't have to do anything like that again. Both German language versions are also available on the condition that they didn't have to do anything like that again. It's obvious what it means and what it sounds like. The translation is flawless however and so is the delivery.
In fact it sounds as if a native speaker spoke this passage, but the album doesn't feature any credits whatsoever so it can't be said for sure. Ihr Schweine", which really can't be translated at all. Spoilers]]In German, "Gift" means [[spoiler: Which, again, got the grammar wrong "spezielle" is an adjective, in female or plural form, but it has no noun to refer to.
The phone number to call in is, "One Eight-Hundred In the episode "Funnybot" the German government interferes after being told that Germans are "not funny people". They speak actual German, though it's phonetically spoken by American voice actors. SigmundFreud deliberately used popular-language terms such as 'ich' and 'es' instead of science-y latinate forms to stress the basic and generally-accessible nature of his theory of mind.
This was initially imitated in English as 'I' and 'it', but to his chagrin soon changed to 'ego' and 'id', which is exactly what he wanted to avoid. A rare case where GratuitousGerman would actually have been ''more'' appropriate. May 17th at 9: May 16th at Also, HammerHorror was obviously one of the influences for the Castlevania franchise, and considering English is the international language, English with a British accent would make sense as well. May 13th at 1: Its first and second forms are D''ein''o and ''Zwei''lous, respectively; Hy''drei''gon is the third and final form. The head numbering also matches: Deino with one, Zweilous with two, Hydreigon with three.
Of course, this '''is''' the same series that used GratuitousSpanish when it first left Japan. May 1st at 9: One of there songs, for example, is the grammatically incorrect nonsense phrase "Ich bin uber alles" repeated over and over before switching to be Heiled! May 1st at 3: Justified for one character Max, as in one chapter it's revealed that Max's Grandmom was from Germany and taught him.
The characters mainly refer to Germans as "Herr" and "Frau" rather than "Mr. Apr 18th at 9: Apr 18th at 4: Ride no car onto this open space" [[labelnote: Ride no Do not ride a car onto this open space" space! Apr 12th at 9: Apr 6th at 9: Apr 5th at Mar 28th at 8: The pronounciation isn't actually that bad, every sentence is perfectly understandable. Mar 23rd at Changed line s 30 click to see context from: Mar 23rd at 9: Mar 21st at 9: The worm used a spiked helmet like those from German soldiers and said "Ach du lieber!
Mar 18th at Mar 11th at 4: Mar 11th at Changed line s 46 click to see context from: Mar 9th at Mar 8th at 3: Mar 8th at 9: The same goes for Johann Krauss. Feb 24th at 8: Feb 24th at 4: Feb 12th at 9: Schlieber is not a German word whatsoever, while Vortag translates as ''Eve'' in English. Added cross-reference to Distortionverse. Feb 5th at 6: He also starts to ramble in German called Islander in-story when he's raving and has no idea that person who takes care of him doesn't know the language.
Jan 30th at 1: Added line s , click to see context: Jan 17th at 9: In this film, the villains are Germans, but recite their famous chant in nonsensical ''Latin. She delivers about three barely understandable German lines. This trope is subverted later in the movie when she admits that her German is prety "shoddy" and that she only had a few German classes in High School. Tom Servo immediately starts speaking in German, apparently greeting it good morning and offering a cigarette.
It's highly possible that Servo's puppet wrangler, Kevin Murphy, is fluent in German. Jan 3rd at 4: Slightly justified seeing as he is German. Jan 1st at 2: Kodjoe is actually German thus he is fluent in German as well as English. Jan 1st at 3: Dec 24th at 6: Dec 22nd at 3: Dec 13th at 9: German spelling rules means the organisational name should be "Wandenreich" but it's rendered "Vandenreich" in the official English translation.
Dec 13th at 8: Dec 2nd at 5: They wanted to sing German, "because it sounds evil", but since none of them actually speaks German, they have nearly no grammar and replace every word they don't know with Norwegian words. Sometimes, there are also some mostly correct English lines in their songs. They call it ''Trollsprak''. Nov 3rd at 7: Oct 25th at 6: AdolfHitler s disembodied brain in a glass bowl on top of an ape body]] with zome of ze worst violence ever visted on ze German sprache in a bildergeschichte.
As they fall, one of them screams [[AdolfHitler "Mein Kampf! Oct 23rd at 7: Though, in fairness, the composer Masashi Hamauzu is a Japanese national who was born in Munich, Germany. Oct 6th at 3: Watching it as a native german speaker you have to admit that they did their job very well. Watching it Listening to the american audio as a native german speaker you have to admit that they did their job very well.
Sep 28th at Not only ''Auto'' means "car" both in German and Finnish, but using the correct German finite article ''das'' also describes pretty well [[GermanicEfficiency what kind of cars]] does this company sell and provide service for.
Not only does ''Auto'' means mean "car" in both in German and Finnish, but using the correct German finite article ''das'' also describes pretty well [[GermanicEfficiency what kind of cars]] does this company sell sells and provide provides service for. Because of this began Czech National Revival which main goal was to restore the Czech language. The problem was that there was no official Czech language and many words for something didn't even exist in Czech and were borrowed mainly from German.
The efforts in reviving the language and nation were succesful and as a result of the beforehand mentioned it still has a lot of words that are German or are at least modified version of them. To this day it is in Czech Republic probably the second most important language, after English. Because of this began This sparked the Czech National Revival which whose main goal was to restore the Czech language. The problem was that there was no official Czech language language, and many words for something things didn't even exist have words in Czech and were borrowed mainly from German.
The efforts in reviving the language and nation were succesful and as a result of the beforehand mentioned successful, but it still has a lot of words that are German or are at least modified version versions of them. To this day it is in Czech Republic probably the second most important language, language in the Czech Republic, after English.
A Journal of Travel, Migration, and Multiculturalism in the German-speaking World
They borrowed the German "Arbeit" and nihonized it into "arubaito", or "baito" for short. Sep 11th at 3: Sep 8th at 2: Aug 31st at 8: Aug 31st at 6: Aug 26th at 2: Changed line s 72,74 click to see context from: These correspond to the armor's specialty - the Jager hunter has incredible speed and advanced scanning equipment, the Schneider cutter has seven laser blades mounted all over its body, and the Panzer tank is incredibly heavy and equipped with ridiculous firepower.
Aug 19th at 1: Aug 12th at Aug 9th at 5: Aug 5th at 4: Given how most of the stories take place in Central Europe, it makes sense. Which makes the sudden appearance of [[spoiler: Gratuitious Hungarian]] deliberately jarring. Jul 26th at 8: Changed line s 90,91 click to see context from: In the episode where Britain and France "a wine-loving dummkopf" are spreading nasty rumors about Germany, Britain tells Italy that Germany "hates [him] and thinks [he's] stupid. Deleted line s 93,94 click to see context: Cleaned up the Hetalia entry and added another example.
Jul 25th at 8: Jul 24th at 3: Jul 14th at 7: We have no idea if that makes it better or worse. In other episodes she speaks Swedish, or a Swiss dialect.
- Giovanna Montenegro.
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As a rule of thumb for the German dub: When Elliot talks in a language other than German she speaks German in the original English version. Because it doesn't make sense if she "starts" speaking german, if the whole show is dubbed in german to begin with.
Would be rather silly if the other characters couldn't understand her anymore, even though she still speaks the same language. Occasioanlly, Gilda slips into her native tongue when vexxed or not focused completely. Occasioanlly, Occasionally, Gilda slips into her native tongue when vexxed or not focused completely. Jericho also notes that when he gets nervous or otherwise heavily emotional, he tends to speaks in more a more literal German-to-English manner, which effectively makes him sound as if he were speaking straight out of Shakespeare. She's part germane - her father's original name is ''Nachtlicht''.
More notably, two of the Horsemouth cult leaders are known as "Nichts" and "Nie" - "Nothing" and "Never". She's part germane Germane - her father's original name is ''Nachtlicht''. And words no one uses. A Liebchen on the other hand is an out-of-date expression for "darling". A Liebchen or, on the other hand is hand, an out-of-date expression for "darling" "darling". Jul 1st at Jun 23rd at 1: Jun 13th at 6: Unfortunately, it doesn't speak German much better than she does, so it's pretty much useless for her purposes.
Jun 1st at Hier findest du nur dein Grab! Here you will find naught but your grave! May 30th at 2: May 25th at May 19th at 3: Changed line s 5,6 click to see context from: May 10th at Changed line s 38 click to see context from: May 4th at 1: May 4th at 7: They translate it immediately "Fear eats the soul" , and anyway it's a ShoutOut to the like-named Fassbender movie.
From "Bremen Nacht" duh. He varies the phrase a lot, but doesn't manage to get it grammatically correct that he leaves German town Bremen, for which reason ever. The phrase BTW refers to never again fascism. He The singer varies the phrase a lot, but doesn't manage to get it grammatically correct that he leaves German town Bremen, for which reason ever. They translate it immediately "Fear eats the soul" , soul" , and anyway it's a ShoutOut to the like-named Fassbender movie. The Stadtmusikanten kicked him out? May 1st at 7: Apr 26th at 8: Apr 24th at 6: Apr 20th at 6: Changed line s 20 click to see context from: Minami tends to babble in German when she's upset, a good example being in the PoolEpisode after she sees Himeji's [[ACupAngst bikini]].
Justified, since she lived in Germany for most of her life. Mar 29th at 2: Changed line s 43 click to see context from: Mar 27th at 2: Changed line s 60 click to see context from: There are a few times when he slips German into his sentences. Mar 18th at 8: Rastan Saga Episode III'' has some German voiceover lines, which is strange considering that nothing about the rest of the game suggests German. Mar 17th at Deleted line s 66,67 click to see context: It's surely better than [[GratuitousEnglish whatever a direct English transliteration would work out to]].
Mar 16th at 9: Hy''drei''gon is the third and final form. Mar 16th at 4: Changed line s 26,29 click to see context from: Right down to the spelling of their name, which by German spelling rules should be "Wandenreich" but showed up with a "v" in the official English translation. It's [[TrollingCreator Kubo]], go figure. A grand ritual to open the portal, with a portal uses the words "Tauch dich sofort auf! When the Vandenreich appear. German spelling rules means the organisational name should be "Wandenreich" but showed up with a "v" it's rendered "Vandenreich" in the official English translation.
Mar 15th at 6: A good example is the end of Posse I Need You On The Floor , where HP says something that sounds like "heili geil i ihr schweinen", which is loosely translated as 'holy pigs i'm horny for her'. Ihr Schweine", which is loosely really can't be translated at all. Mar 15th at 5: The latter are just capitalized English words with a German ending tacked on. Mar 14th at 4: Mar 13th at 3: Furthermore, it's unclear what Germany's role, if any, is in the creation of the modern hamburger sandwich[[note]]Which is similar to "Hamburg steak", but not quite the same thing as an actual hamburger.
Mar 11th at 5: Mar 1st at 1: Feb 25th at 8: Feb 25th at 1: Feb 21st at The pronunciation hasn't improved. And, by the way, the correct German name would be "Wiener Schnitzel" which of course comes from Austria , not "Wienerschnitzel". And, by the way, the correct German name would be "Wiener Schnitzel" which of course comes from Austria , , not "Wienerschnitzel".
Feb 19th at 5: The first words are 'Sie sind 'Sind sie das Essen und Essen? Feb 19th at 1: In the third season episode "Gingerbread", the newspaper article the gang looks up and the chant Giles is doing at the end of the episode qualifies for this. Feb 17th at 1: And, by the way, the correct German name would be "Wiener Schnitzel" which comes from Austria , not "Wienerschnitzel". And, by the way, the correct German name would be "Wiener Schnitzel" Schnitzel" which of course comes from Austria , not "Wienerschnitzel".
According to TheOtherWiki, one would normally use the neuter form "das" for "wienerschnitzel". Translation into nice long German words. Feb 17th at 6: Feb 12th at Changed line s 61 click to see context from: Big Badass Wolf is no longer a trope. It is now an index page for wolf tropes. Feb 2nd at 1: Jan 31st at 8: Jan 28th at 6: Changed line s 33 click to see context from: Changed line s 35 click to see context from: Jan 27th at 8: Additionally, Asuka is German, and so uses some rather poorly done German phrases throughout the series.
The dubbers and her English voice actress all had a better grasp of the language, resulting in [[TranslationCorrection much improved pronunciation]]. The English dub also had her exclaiming "Mein Gott! Jan 26th at 8: Jan 25th at 8: Jan 24th at 8: Jan 23rd at 7: Jan 16th at 8: Jan 12th at 5: Jan 5th at Jan 1st at Changed line s 70 click to see context from: Dec 28th at 2: Wer mit der Hand zielet hat das Gesicht seines Vaters vergessen.
Ich ziele mit dem Auge. Wer mit der Hand schlaget hat das Gesicht seines Vaters vergessen. Ich schlage mit dem Verstand. He who aims with his hand has forgotten the face of his father. I aim with my eye. He who swings with his hand has forgotten the face of his father. I swing with my mind. He who kills with his sword has forgotten the face of his father. I kill with my heart. Dec 26th at 5: Dec 22nd at 9: Changed line s 41 click to see context from: Dec 2nd at Dec 1st at 8: Nov 19th at 7: Nov 18th at 5: Changed line s 13 click to see context from: BTW, if you use a German noun in a post, remember: In German, nouns are always capitalized.
BTW, By the way, if you use a German noun in a post, remember: Taking out an acronym. Nov 14th at 7: Better external link for Rudeltaktik. Nov 11th at