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‘Heroic, sexy and a warrior bravado’: how Adam and the Ants redefined pop | Music | The Guardian
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The Irish state is a very bad parent - when its children turn 18 they often end up on the streets Shane Dunphy Sometimes we talk about people ending up as statistics. But there are no statistics compiled for how many children raised in state care become homeless, writes Shane Dunphy. Data from other studies suggest that roughly 70 percent of the men and women who've served in Iraq and Afghanistan do not develop major psychiatric problems.
But work like the Vietnam vets study offers some lessons to better help those who do, Marmar adds. Perhaps more important, he notes, is doing everything possible to help veterans protect their two main sources of social support—their families and those they served alongside. Subscribe or Give a Gift. Humans Reached the Roof of the World 40, Years.
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A New Treatment for Blindness. America's Most Revolutionary Artist. At the Smithsonian Visit. Looking at Artists Looking at Themselves. Photos Submit to Our Contest. About five species hunt in higher trees, where they can attack birds and their eggs, although they focus on hunting other social insects along with their eggs and larvae.
Army Ants: Facts, Types & Life Cycle
Colonies of army ants are large compared to the colonies of other Formicidae. Colonies can have over 15 million workers and can transport prey items per hour during the raid period.
The concentration of pheromone is highest in the middle of the trail, splitting the trail into two distinct regions: The outbound ants will occupy the outer two lanes and the returning ants will occupy the central lane. While foraging, army ants cause many invertebrates to flee from their hiding places under leaves of the forest floor, under tree bark, and other such locations, thereby allowing predators to catch them more easily.
For example, in the tropical rainforests of Panama, swarms of army ants attract many species of birds to this feast of scrambling insects, spiders, scorpions, worms, and other animals. Depending on the size of the ant swarm and the amount of prey the ants stir up, birds can number from a few to dozens of individuals. Birds that frequent army-ant swarms include the white-whiskered puffbird , rufous motmot , rufous-vented ground cuckoo , gray-necked wood rail , plain-brown woodcreeper , northern barred woodcreeper , cocoa woodcreeper , black-striped woodcreeper , fasciated antshrike , black-crowned antshrike , spotted antbird , bicolored antbird , ocellated antbird , chestnut-backed antbird , black-faced antthrush , and gray-headed tanager.
Army ants do not build a nest like most other ants. Instead, they build a living nest with their bodies, known as a bivouac. Bivouacs tend to be found in tree trunks or in burrows dug by the ants. The members of the bivouac hold onto each other's legs and so build a sort of ball, which may look unstructured to a layman's eyes, but is actually a well-organized structure. At the smallest disturbance, soldiers gather on the top surface of the bivouac, ready to defend the nest with powerful pincers and in the case of the Aenictinae and Ecitoninae stingers.
Soldier Ants of War - 40 Years After (Electronic book text)
The interior of the nest is filled with numerous passages and contains many chambers with food, the queen, the larvae, and the eggs. Many species of army ant are widely considered to be keystone species , due to the large number of vertebrate and invertebrate associates that rely on army ant colonies for nutrition or protection.
The Neotropical army ant Eciton burchellii has an estimated to animal associates, the most of any one species known to science. Historically, "army ant" in the broad sense referred to various members of five different ant subfamilies. In two of these cases, the Ponerinae and Myrmicinae , only a few species and genera exhibit legionary behavior; in the other three lineages, Ecitoninae , Dorylinae , and Leptanillinae , all of the constituent species are legionary.
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More recently, ant classifications now recognize an additional New World subfamily, Leptanilloidinae , which also consists of obligate legionary species, so is another group now included among the army ants. A study of thirty species by Sean Brady of Cornell University indicates that army ants of subfamilies Ecitoninae South America , Dorylinae Africa and Aenictinae Asia together formed a monophyletic group, based on data from three molecular genes and one mitochondrial gene.
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Brady concluded that these two groups are, therefore, a single lineage that evolved in the mid-Cretaceous period in Gondwana , [n 2] so the two subfamilies are now generally united into a single subfamily Ecitoninae , though this is still not universally recognized. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Army Ants disambiguation. For other uses, see Marabunta disambiguation.
Parts of this article those related to the previous dorylomorph subfamilies Dorylinae, Aenictinae, Aenictogitoninae, Cerapachyinae, Ecitoninae and Leptanilloidinae , all of which now are synonyms of Dorylinae need to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Although most ant colonies live a settled existence in a fixed nest, there seems to be a successful living to be made by wandering in enormous pillaging armies.
This is called the legionary habit. The conventional view of the evolution of army ants needs a revision because of new data obtained by Sean Brady, a Cornell University, US, entomologist who has discovered that these ants evolved from a common ancestor. A Study in Social Organization. The origin and long-term evolutionary stasis of a complex of behavioral and reproductive adaptations". G; Franks, Nigel R. Social Evolution in Ants. Monographs in Behavior and Ecology.
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Bulletin of the AMNH. Eciton burchelli on Barro Colorado Island, Panama".