Because it has no springs or pistons around the magazine tube, a Benelli auto is lighter and slimmer up front than any gas gun. Finally, Benellis are fast, spitting out empties and chambering fresh rounds more quickly than any other auto. For average hunters, however, speed isn't a critical issue; function is. And the Benelli keeps on plugging long after other guns fall by the wayside. The Benelli recoil system is simplicity itself, consisting of a bolt body A , a bolt spring B , and a rotary bolt head C. As the gun recoils, the bolt body remains in place, compressing the spring and locking the bolt head.
As recoil eases D , the spring releases and ejects the empty shell E. There's no gas system to worry about or clean, and Benellis will handle any kind of shell you feed them. The development of handguns has progressed in a series of seismic jolts. One came in , when Remington announced the XP, which looked like a prop from a Buck Rogers movie.
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It was not so much a handgun as a one-handed rifle. To make the gun, Remington utilized the bolt action from its Model carbine, a Zytel stock borrowed from the Model Designers didn't stop there, though. They also cooked up a red-hot varmint cartridge called the. The result was historic: For the first time, varmint hunters could pound pasture poodles without a rifle, and handgunning had taken on a whole new dimension.
Think of it as a Winchester Model 12 that is easy to manufacture. The Model made its debut in as one of the first of Remington's "new generation" of guns that did away with the complex machining of the past. And it may be sacrilege to say so, but the plebian is probably as good a gun as the aristocratic Model It pumps just as fast, points as well, is just as reliable, and is unbelievably long-lived. The late shotgunning great Rudy Etchen put 4 million rounds through his with just some minor parts replacement to keep it going. The is still with us, made in every configuration known to man, and it will probably be around for many years more.
Then came the Browning Superposed, and all that changed. Browning design, the Superposed was made in Belgium and was introduced in , two years into the Great Depression. This should have killed the costly Superposed, but it was so superior an arm that it survived and thrived. It was made in all gauges and in four grades and became a mainstay of hunters and competitive shooters alike.
More important, for decades on end it was the definition of a "fine" gun. If you shot a Browning Superposed, you were shooting something special. This may well be the most popular rimfire rifle in the world, and it is probably the most cobbled on. But at some point it was discovered that if you installed a heavy target barrel and a custom trigger and replaced the factory stock with a high-combed target model, you'd have a rifle of uncanny accuracy that you could compete with and win. It is called the Humpback and gets this unlovely name from its unlovely receiver, which forms an abrupt angle where it joins the stock.
Browning designed this recoil-operated autoloading shotgun, which debuted in the United States in , was discontinued that same year, and then was reintroduced in , this time to stay for 50 years. The Humpback had one glaring fault: Its bolt came crashing back with enthusiasm. But it had one great virtue: In an era of swollen cardboard shells that would stop any other gun, the Humpback kept shooting.
Besides the Model 98 Mauser, this is the only military arm to make my list. The '03 Springfield is a slavish copy of the Model 98; Mauser sued the Springfield Armory for patent infringement and won. This aside, the '03 is the most graceful military rifle ever made, and one of the most accurate. It earns its place here because it changed us from a nation of lever-action shooters to a nation of bolt-action shooters.
The Dough-boys who were issued Springfields during World War I decided that the '03 was the way to go. Thousands upon thousands of the rifles were converted to sporting use, or their actions were used as the basis for custom rifles. The very first Springfield sporter was made in for President Theodore Roosevelt. As a military and a sporting arm alike, the '03 was an aristocrat. But the immensely strong, very expensive Model revolver is surprisingly easy to shoot, considering how powerful it is.
You want it, the Model can drop it for you, from deer to Cape buffalo. The 's cylinder A holds five shots rather than six and employs an unusual ball detent that actually uses the force of recoil to hold the cylinder in alignment. In size D and weight the Model dwarfs a Model Unglamorous guns need love too, and there are few more utilitarian arms than Mossberg's bread-and-butter pump, which made its entrance in It figures not in verse and song, but it's affordable, and it works, and that is enough for thousands and thousands of shooters who swear by the Like all hugely successful designs, it has been produced in many configurations and is in current use by the U.
When your Purdey balks and your Parker doubles, turn to the Mossberg , for it will not fail you. It's quite possible that our acceptance of synthetic stocks is due to a. It was called the Nylon 66 and had a stock made of a high-strength DuPont material called Zytel. It weighed only 4 pounds, held 14 rounds in a tubular magazine in the butt, and was offered in brown, black, or green.
And it was unstoppable. I never cleaned mine and used it in below temperatures, and it never failed me. In , over a period of 14 days, Remington's exhibition shooter Tom Frye shot at , wood blocks thrown into the air, using two Model 66s. He hit all but six and had no malfunctions. Prior to , all light bolt-action hunting rifles began as heavy factory guns that were chopped, gouged, and hacked into svelteness. The first bolt gun that was born truly light was a. Melvin Forbes, a West Virginia gunsmith, enlisted the help of two friends to create a Kevlar stock that weighed only a pound, and then he designed a barreled action that did not have an extra ounce in it.
The result was so light it seemed like a toy, and it was as accurate as much heavier guns. That is probably more than you will shoot through one. Roy Weatherby designed the cartridges that bear his name in the s and built custom rifles around them, using whatever actions he could find. In , he announced his own action, the Mark V, and it was as radical as his cartridges. Employing a massive bolt with nine, rather than two, locking lugs, it slid like a piston in the Mark V's receiver. The stocks were claro walnut, often very fancy, and as unlike other stocks as a California hot rod was unlike a showroom Buick.
On special order, Weatherby would build you a rifle that was fancier than anything else in any gun rack. Profuse engraving, gold and silver or contrasting wood inlays, carving, and elaborate checkering patterns were yours for the asking. At its dandified peak, the Mark V was not so much a fire-arm as an original American art form. It is an extremely strong lockup since the case head is fully enclosed B and because the strain of firing is taken up by nine lugs.
When he created the Mark V action in , Weatherby designer Fred Jennie made a major departure from the Mauser design. He employed a bolt A that was just slightly smaller in diameter than the receiver, which eliminated the Mauser bolt's "slop" and wobble.
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And instead of dual locking lugs, the Mark V employs nine much smaller lugs, which reduces bolt lift from the Mauser's 90 degrees to 45 degrees. Officially, it is called the. The Triple Lock is a big, heavy, strong revolver that was revealed to the world in The standard chambering for the Triple Lock was the. Decades before the advent of the. You could not do this with just any revolver, but the Triple Lock could take it and not shoot loose or blow up.
The Triple Lock was discontinued with only 15, produced. Debuting in the same year as the Mark V--the Savage Model was the polar opposite of the Weatherby. A cheap bolt-action rifle put together out of inexpensive parts, it had a rotten trigger, and its barrel was screwed to the receiver by a slotted collar that added to the gun's ugliness. But the functioned, and it didn't cost much, and it shot very, very accurately. And nearly 40 years later, this unassuming rifle would save Savage Arms from oblivion. In the mids, when Savage had fallen on hard times and was about to close its doors, the company's new president, Ron Coburn, asked which gun they could still produce.
The answer was the Model And so it was all Savage made for a while, but the company put everything it had left into that one gun. Gradually, shooters caught on that the homely rifle would outshoot just about anything else out there, and the company prospered. Savage s and its variants, the Models and will still win no prizes for beauty, but they are probably the most accurate factory rifles on the market.
Ruger's first venture into the gun business failed, but he knew what he had done wrong, and his second attempt is the stuff of legends. This delightful little gun was rugged, accurate, and simple to manufacture. It was a huge and instant success.
In , Alexander Sturm died, and the red Ruger eagle on the Mark I grip was changed to black in mourning, but the pistol has remained intact. There is magic to that one word: It's short-hand for the Golden Age of American shot-gunning, or simply for the finest American shotgun. Parkers were produced from to and spanned the transition from black to smokeless powder. They were crafted in a stupefying number of grades, gauges, and frame sizes. The Trojan was the plain working gun of the line, and ascending grades led to the sumptuous A-1 Special and the fabulous Invincible, of which only three were made.
The Parker is a beautiful, fine-handling, and distinctive gun that is treasured above all others of its time. I can even put numbers to the esteem in which it is held: The three Invincibles are now regarded as priceless. How do you replace a legend? Browning answered that question in with the Gold, the successor to the great but outdated A-5 autoloader. The Gold has matured into a wonderfully shootable, reliable gun. The sporting clays version is one of just two autos the Beretta is the other that you see in the winner's circle at sporting clays tournaments. Marlin's is not as famous as the Winchester 94, but that is about the only way in which it falls short.
It is the other Deer Rifle Supreme, and I believe it is a considerably better gun. It first went on sale in Like the Model 94, it is short, light, quick to point, and dead reliable. I have found it to be considerably more accurate than the 94, and because it was designed with side ejection it takes very well to a scope. Finally, it is chambered for the. This is the other great Marlin--a.
I doubt if there is an experienced shooter who has never owned one of these rifles. If the 39A has a fault, it is the takedown feature that has been part of the gun for just about forever. Turn a big knurled screw on the receiver, and the rifle becomes two pieces. Other people must like it, but I do not. When I owned one, I never saw a compelling reason to take the gun apart, and the feature added a needless complication to a design of otherwise sublime simplicity. That said, it is a marvelous gun that everyone has lusted after at one point or another.
In , America was entering a TV Western craze; it was impossible to turn on your set and not see some horse's ass--literally. With all these small-screen cowpokes waving around Colt Peacemakers, Bill Ruger reasoned that an inexpensive version of the Peacemaker might sell well. Browning M and M M ore conservatively 68, by the end of WWI [30] 72, from to mid's, then 55, A1 models from to [31] 5 million M [32].
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Self-loading carbine Automatic carbine. Browning made its 2 millionth gun in [89]. Marlin Model , , and Winchester Model and copies. FN Model , and Browning Model Winchester Models — Springfield Model and Estimate based on strength of People's Liberation Army. Winchester Model and Beretta M and M A BBC article claims 10 million [22].
Model 30 and Mauser C96 'Broomhandle' and derivatives. Self-loading pistol Machine pistol. Based on strength of Indian army 1. Daewoo Precision Industries K2. Designed and built originally in Norway, the rifle would be the official rifle of the US military from it won Army trials and was adopted in , but due to legal challenges was re-tested and re-adopted in , however Springfield Armory didn't start making a licensed copy which would be the standard issue rifle till until , and was the first smokeless rifle adopted by the US.
The rifle would also see limited use in the Boer War in Liberia. Colt Single Action Army or "Peacemaker". The French Navy uses the G2 pattern and they have about 10,, []. Their low-profile action helps make these guns into natural pointers, and light weight makes them a pleasure to carry in the field. American hunters and shooters have begun to discover these qualities.
My own favorite, the alloy-framed Ultralight, weighs next to nothing at all. The gunmakers of Spain's Basque country turn out guns ranging from cheap and awful to truly world class.
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Those of Pedro Arrizabalaga are definitely in the latter category. The Basques are less innovators than disciples of the classic game gun. They will build a gun for you one way, theirs, and it will be a "best" grade. Made to last 10 forevers, they are incredibly stiff when new. I once took a brand-new Merkel out of the box and couldn't get the forearm onto the barrels. I called the importer, who put a German gunsmith on the phone. While traditional Suhl-based gunmaking firms like Sauer, Heym, and Krieghoff relocated to West Germany after the Soviet occupation, Merkel continued to make fine guns under the East German Communist regime.
Banned from importation to the United States during the Cold War, the Merkel became, for American shooters, the unattainable Cuban cigar of fine shotguns until the fall of the Berlin Wall made it available again. The first pump gun for smokeless powder, John Browning's Model 97 cut a swath through clouds of waterfowl at the end of the market-hunting era. It has the feel of the 19th-century machine that it is; work the slide of a 97 it's nowhere near as smooth as a Model 12 , and parts including a hammer stick out in all directions.
Even with this most ungainly action, Browning made a gun that pointed very well. Introduced a few years before the A-5 was discontinued, the gas-operated Gold was groomed to fill the giant void left by the Humpback's departure. A-5 lovers like me couldn't imagine any gun measuring up to their old favorite.
I took one to South America where it jammed constantly. While everyone else made ducks rain out of the sky, I had to take the gun apart every two or three shots, each time afraid I would drop an important piece into the knee-deep water. That was then; this is now. The Gold is so reliable, so versatile, so soft shooting, so easy to clean, it pains me hardly at all to admit that it's become a better shotgun than the A Parkers and Foxes get all the love from gun writers, but the New Ithaca Double was every bit as good. NIDs remained in production until , when the company discontinued it to devote more resources to building the popular Model 37 pump.
Before going on to become half of a household word as the manufacturer of the Smith-Corona typewriter, Lyman Smith dabbled in the gun business and left his name on America's only sidelock double. In , Smith sold out to Hunter Arms, which made the L. Smith double in a dozen grades, from plain to princely.
The high-grade Smiths built by Hunter Arms from until the imposition of cost-cutting measures in have some of the finest engraving and the most pleasing lines of any American gun. Inside, the Xtrema is a marvel of simplicity. The gas system consists of just three parts, and the return spring is located on the magazine tube, where it's easily accessed.
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Given time to establish a track record, it may turn out to be the best waterfowl gun ever. Randy Fritz, its inventor, reasoned that if a slug gun was going to shoot like a rifle, it had to be built like a rifle. So he built one accordingly. His creation had a glass-bedded action, a free-floating barrel, a McMillan fiberglass stock, and a rifle trigger. The Tar-Hunt can produce minute-of-angle groups, although five shots under 2 inches is more common. By shotgun-slug standards, that's revolutionary accuracy. Don't let the hardwood stock, plastic parts, and wooden magazine plug fool you.
Mossberg made its reputation producing a good gun at a low price, people don't give the company the credit it deserves as an innovator. It introduced the first production cantilever-rifled slug barrel; the first completely closed muzzleloading, primer--firing barrel; and the first factory stock with a comb insert that could switch out for a higher one--all accessories for the The Ithaca 37 was essentially the Browning-designed Remington 17 built after its patent expired.
Bottom ejection made it a favorite of duck hunters and left-handers. Bird hunters liked its light weight. I can take the 37 or leave it alone as a gun for wingshooting, but the Deerslayer version is one of the best slug guns ever. So many hunters carried the 37 in the s, '60s, and '70s that today's hunters remember it nostalgically as Dad's or Granddad's gun.
The high price of building the complicated Model 37 keeps driving Ithaca out of business, but it apparently has a catlike number of lives.
Winchester's John Olin didn't want to build just any side-by-side; he wanted an unbreakable one. His Model 21 fit the bill. During its development, he gathered best guns from around the world and subjected them to a proof-load test, firing each until it broke down or blew up. Only the 21 survived.
Winchester made it in all gauges and grades.
List of most-produced firearms
Even the plain-Jane field guns were good looking. The high grades made by the Winchester Custom Shop took your breath away twice: Remington's first side-ejecting pump, the "ball-bearing" repeater was silky smooth out of the box and got better with use. With its low profile, fast lock time, and simple, strong sliding top latch, the short-lived 32 may have been pause, look up for lightning bolts a better gun than its contemporary, the Browning Superposed.
Only about 6, were made before the 32 was discontinued. Remington's next version, the , is bulkier but treasured. We know Belgian gunmakers as the craftsmen behind Browning's best, but they can do much more.