His personal times were both achieved in Over films from 70 countries were screened, with 94 world premieres and 40 international premieres. The event opened with Bhutanese film Vara: The Italian Athletics Championships Italian: Campionati italiani assoluti di atletica leggera are the national championships in athletics, organised every year by the Federazione Italiana di Atletica Leggera.
The first edition was in in Milan but only four events ,[1] and the first complete edition was Italian Athletics Championships. In the Championships backs in Arena Civica in Milan. Only from the edition the championships were disputed in a single venu Shofield Treason Trail.
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Member feedback about Luciano Caravani: People from Vicenza Revolvy Brain revolvybrain. This was about the middle of October, i9iv2. Upon being assigned to Radio Tokyo on or about October 12, 19U2, ny first duties were to correct for grammar anything I was given, such as news items. Later, I corrected for grammar political commentaries and then I wrote consnentaries. Later , I was assigned exclusively to the Zero Hour Program. There were various divisions at Radio Tokyo.
Everything intended for American consumption was separated from other countries. It via 3 knovm as the North American section.
The following individuals were attached to Radio Tokyo when I was first assigned there: It is my understanding that he was a civilian who had been at the German radio station in Shanghai. I do not know what actually happened to him. I do not know what branch of the Japanese Government was actually in charge of Radio Tokyo when I was assigned to it. I had no information con- cerning the Information Board.
Vie were separated about a year after the time the Puppet Government was set up in the Philippines in No- vember, 19ii2 when the Philippine prisoners were given amnesty.
A Rose by another Name: The Tokyo Rose Story - InfoBarrel
I was taken to police headquarters in Tokyo where I was finger printed and -photographed. I had to report to the police my movements and my contacts and also had to refrain from seeing my fellow prisoners. She is Japanese but was born in California. As far as I know, she considered herself to be an American citizen. Ido not knew how long she had been working k at Radio Tokyo vrtien I was assigned there. She stopped working shortly before we were married. After our mai'riagc , we lived in one of the residential dis- tricts in Tokyo.
YIe had no children by this marriage and we are contemplating a divorce. I do not know who gave it the ndme Zero Hour. Zero Hour Program consisted only of the playing of records, with comment by me, such as the name of the selection, the composer and the name of the band, and so forth. About two or three weeks after the Zero Hour program started, a five minute news item broadcast from Domei was added.
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These news items wore rewritten and reread on the broadcast by BICE. At this time, other features were added to extend it to one hour and then to 1 fifteen minutes. This was handled by a Japanese from the staff of the Nippon Times. I am unable to recall his name. This monologue was supposed to portray a GI marooned on an island, reminiscing and talking to himself.
I operated the turn-tables in the studio of the Zero Hour program at Radio Tokyo. All who were connected with the Zero Hour program were usually inside the stijdio together where we could see and hear each other every day, on this program. After the Zero Hour program was lengthened, its time was from 6 P. Somewhere along the line, and I am unable to set any date when it took place, there apparently was some kind of a change in the jurisdiction over the Zero Hour program. I believe that it was taken out of the hands of the people at Radio Tokyo and placed exclusively under the jurisdiction of the Japanese Army.
I do not recall his ever having taken any actual part in the program itself. I had never seen her before. I am un- able to place the exact time of her assignment to the Zero Hour program. It possibly could have -been in November, 19b3. The closest I could possibly set the time would be the late fall of 19U3.
I am unable to recall who had ex- pressed the idea of having a woman cn the Zero Hour program but it is ray opinior. I had no idea how she was chosen for the program. It was my understanding, however, that she was chosen because she had some microphone personality and a clear accent.
I heard it expressed that the reason they wanted a woman on -the program was because it would have more appeal to the G. I am unable to recall who it was that made this statement. I feel that if she had done so, I would have seen her. It was my impression and it is an impression only, that they were looking for a certain type. As far as ray knowledge goes, no ad was run in any paper in Tokyo seeking a woman to ful- fill the position on the Zero Hour.
I believe I would have known it if one had been run in the paper. As far as I was concerned, it was a secret as to how she got on the program. As I say, I do not know who made the selection for this position which she fulfilled. I do not know the reason except to mention that he, at that time, started working with a group of prisoners on another program.
All of us on the program know its purpose. He would usually inquire relative to any conments which had been made from the outside as to whether the program was having its effect. I had heard him on a number of occasions stress the use of Japanese Headquarter Communiques. Apparently there was no word in Japanese to describe nostalgia.
There were many direct and indirect references to the purpose of the program to create a feeling of homesickness An order to have a demoralizing effect on the American soldier in the Pacific. There were a number of pre- broadcast discussions as to whether certain items would accomplish the pur- pose of the program.
To my recollection, three copies of the script were made. I do not know, myself, of any other associates she had. I imagine she had some friends who worked over at the Domei News Agency. I srw her at Radio Tokyo every day that she broadcast on the Zero Hour program. Different ones attached to the Zero Hour program, whom I have Just mentioned, were usually present when we were together.
Outside of our being together at Radio Tokyo, I saw her several times at her residence. I am unable to state at this time, by way of example, any specific broadcasts which she made on the program, however, I feel that I can identify her broadcasts. I would say it is quite possi- ble that such talk as this was probably included in the five minute monologue portion of the program on Zero Hour. Sometimes she would refer to herself or identify herself as "Your favorite eneisy" or as the "Friendly Eneiny". These were her most popular identifying remarks.
I am unable to recall when this was. She had one hour of classical music at Radio Tokyo between 6 P. She was on the regular announcing staff of Radio Tokyo.
The Zero Hour
She never appeared on the Zero Hour. To my knowledge, recordings were made of the Zero Hour program on the third floor of the building which housed Radio Tokyo. I have no idea what might have happened to these recordings. As to whether TOGURI received considerable praise by the Japanese and had become quite popular with them, I am unable to state, inasmuch as I neither heard nor read any such expressions.
I recall that toward the end of the war, there was a Japanese movie called "The Flower, of Tokyo", I did not see the movie but I was told that it was about a radio broadcast. It seemed to me that the Neisi were divided among themselves into two.
I do not know whether they were actually married. I think he was employed in some supervisory capacity in one of the sections at Radio Tokyo. JtMMMfc stated he had heard men. He returned to Los Angeles from a vacation in St. Yifhile a prisoner of war in China he participated in various skits which the prisoners put on to entertain themselves.
Interviews by the Japanese Amy Intelligence were conducted regularly at least once or twice a month, at which time they solicited background information on each of the prisoners, and SHATTLES told them that he had studied drama at Tulane University, of Which he is a graduate. SHATTLES stated that the prisoners had no alternative but to broad- cast toe Japanese propaganda and it was their intent and purpose to sabo- tage toe program as best they could and to insert as many double meanings into the scripts without inciting the Japanese or causing disciplinaiy action to be taken against them.
There were only two individuals who did not play along with toe Japanese. He - 2 - was removed shortly after they went to Bunka. He was successful In sabotaging the Japanese propaganda program and he made things so difficult and so dis- agreeable for the Japanese that they had him transferred to another PQW camp. Everyone did not go to the radio station every day and he went about two or three times a week for about one hour. During the first part of the war they were accompanied by armed guards and later were accompanied by one or two interpreters and possibly one guard.
The other one was the "Postman Calls" which was a program conceived, prepared and broadcast by INCE for the purpose of getting messages from prisoners of war home to their families in America. He claimed that he had never seen such a person. On Finch- hafen the men had a recreation hall and in the hall they had a radio and it was at this place that he heard the first broadcast of TOGURI. The time was shortly after evening mess. He then told some of his buddies that he knew who the broadcaster was, but they laughed at him.
He said that maintained a Company list and had all of the home addresses of the members of his group' on Leyte and if this could be obtained, the home addresses of the above referred to individuals could easily be ascertained. At that time he will, be interviewed. VELASQUEZ also gave the names of the he believes were with him either in Finchafen following individuals whom or on Leyte and he recalls - 5 - that they listened to the radio on various occasions and that they were present at some of the broadcasts that he listened to.
These individuals and their addresses are as follows: Each witness was interviewed separately. The first recording that was played for the witness was a broad- cast from Radio Tokyo of a woman commentator and newscaster dhd is not the voice of TOGURI. The third record is the dubbed copy of the Army record of the Orphan Ann Program which was submitted by the Bureau to Los Angeles under date of March 2 5, 19 uo. Hereafter in this report the above records will be referred to as Record No.
He continued to hear her programs until May, 19US, and believo 3 he heard about fifteen of them. He is not sure that he could identify the voice. Because of the exposition of the secrecy it would lead the men to believe that the Japanese Army knew where and when the Americans were coming. She also told the Americans to get off the islands and go h ome. Upkwas played Records Nos. He is of the opinion that Records Nos.
Women in World War II
He heard this broadcast in a radio shack aboard 1ST , and does not recall the name of any individual who was with him at this particular time. The reason that he was in the shack was because he was a Technical Sergeant in the Army Sig- nal Corps and as a matter of courtesy had access to the shack and could listen to some of the broadcasts. Sometime during May, 19h5, Radio Tokyo put on a program which was the night before the Emperor 1 s birthday. He believed it to be the Zero Hour and identified the speaker as being the person on Record No.
This woman made the, statement that the Japanese were going to bomb the allies off the island of Okinawa. He was questioned in detail on this particular broadcast and stated that he is positive that it was on the Zero' jfour, but on reflection he is not sure whether the statement was made by ANN or whether it was made by one of the newscasters who appeared as a part of the Zero Hour. He recalls two individuals who were with him at that time. He recalls that the broadcast was generally after evening mess and about 8 p.
Marine Corps in the Pacific. This woman woiuq ass, mem vmy uiej uiuir u give up auu nuiuu wiau wit Japanese forces had pushed the Marines off Saipan and the "bame thing was happening to them that happened to the American forces on Wake Island. The Marines knew this to- be untrue because at that time they had a firm hold on these islands. He thinks that he can identify her voice but is not postive of this fact. She spoke good English, had no accent and her voice was deep, throaty and entertaining. It did not effect his morale and he does not believe that it affected the morale of the other Marines in his division.
He was unable to recall by what name she identified herself while on the Zero Hour. He stated that he was positive of his identifica- tion on Record No. He was somewhat confused on Record No. The only thing he can specifically recall as hav- ing been said on the Zero Hour were the following: The Japanese have pushed them in the ocean. All of the broadcasts which he heard he believes were by the same per- son and they were identical 3dth Record No.
He is positive that they vrere made on the same program, but stated that there was a newscaster, then some record and chit chat by ANN, then a commentary then some more records and chit chat by ANN. He stated that it is over four years ago since he heard these broadcasts and he could, not swear as to whether it was ANN who made these statements or one of the commentators or newscasters who preceded her or followed her by a few minutes oh the same program.
A Rose by another Name: The Tokyo Rose Story
The radio was turned on 'and turned off and a program was selected by the Com- munications personnel of that unit. He said that if D-Day on Saipan was some other date, then he first heard the broadcast seven days after D-Day, He listened to the broad- casts until August 7, 19hh when he left Tinian. He does not recall hearing any broadcasts subsequent to that time.
Before going overseas he had heard her re- ferred to as "Tokyo Rose" but when he got on Saipan, he believed that she used the name of "Little Orphan Annie", but he is not too positive of this and admitted that he possibly got the idea that this was her name from reading press releases which appeared 'in local newspapers during the past week.
He is positive that on numerous occasions she never identified her- self and would merely make mention of the fact that "This is the Zero Hour from Radio Tokyo". He believes that her program was approximately one-half hour long. She would cone in between recordings with what the wives and sweethearts of servicemen were doing back in the States.
He believes he could identify her voice. He described it as contralto, not shrill, fairly soft and that she talked American English like any educated Nisei, and that it was not text book English like many Japanese spoke in Japan. She made the statement that the Americans could not win and, therefore, they should surrender. He believed she tried to effect the morale of the Armed Forces but she was not successful. He stated Record No. He said the reception was normally quite good, with slight static and with clear weather the reception was good to excellent.
When Yank's reporter returned for photos the day after his interview, "Myrtle was gone. When they came home--no Myrtle. This led to decades of speculation about her mysterious disappearance. Rumors of an early death vied with rumors of marriage to a well-connected American colonel who protected her from investigation by spreading false rumors of her early death.
I can now solve the mystery of what happened to Manila Rose. For the first time the American public can learn her complete history: Tokyo Rose, like the sirens of ancient times was entirely mythological. Persuasive evidence she did not exist will be provided even though the U. Manila Rose was a real person making actual broadcasts.