Emerging Technology and Architecture for Big-data Analytics. Proceedings of International Conference on Communication and Networks. Computational Intelligence in Sensor Networks. Preparing for Peak Oil in South Africa. Introduction to Hardware Security and Trust.
Renewable Energy and the Environment. Maria Carmela Di Piazza. Green Photonics and Electronics. Components, Networks and Systems Implementation. Low-Cost Solar Electric Power. Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing. Energy Harvesting and Energy Efficiency.
Architecture Design for Soft Errors. Computational Intelligence in Wireless Sensor Networks.
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The Economics of Evaluating Water Projects. Advances in Wireless Sensor Networks. Fuel Cells in the Waste-to-Energy Chain. World Sustainable Energy Days Next Emerging Wireless Communication and Network Technologies. Sustainable Wireless Network-on-Chip Architectures. Testing of Interposer-Based 2. Test and Diagnosis for Small-Delay Defects.
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You can remove the unavailable item s now or we'll automatically remove it at Checkout. Continue shopping Checkout Continue shopping. Chi ama i libri sceglie Kobo e inMondadori. Available in Russia Shop from Russia to buy this item. Or, get it for Kobo Super Points! Intel Corporation and AMD have also built proprietary virtualization enhancements to the x86 instruction set into each of their CPU product lines, in order to facilitate virtual computing. New virtual technologies, such as Linux Containers can also be used to reduce energy consumption.
These technologies make a more efficient use of resources, thus reducing energy consumption by design. Also, the consolidation of virtualized technologies is more efficient than the one done in virtual machines , so more services can be deployed in the same physical machine, reducing the amount of hardware needed. Terminal servers have also been used in green computing. When using the system, users at a terminal connect to a central server; all of the actual computing is done on the server, but the end user experiences the operating system on the terminal.
Software-based remote desktop clients such as Windows Remote Desktop and RealVNC can provide similar thin-client functions when run on low power, commodity hardware that connects to a server. The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ACPI , an open industry standard, allows an operating system to directly control the power-saving aspects of its underlying hardware. This allows a system to automatically turn off components such as monitors and hard drives after set periods of inactivity.
Some programs allow the user to manually adjust the voltages supplied to the CPU, which reduces both the amount of heat produced and electricity consumed. This process is called undervolting. Some CPUs can automatically undervolt the processor, depending on the workload; this technology is called " SpeedStep " on Intel processors, " PowerNow!
Data centers, which have been criticized for their extraordinarily high energy demand, are a primary focus for proponents of green computing. Data centers can potentially improve their energy and space efficiency through techniques such as storage consolidation and virtualization. Many organizations are aiming to eliminate underutilized servers, which results in lower energy usage. Microsoft Windows, has included limited PC power management features since Windows Windows was the first NT-based operating system to include power management.
This required major changes to the underlying operating system architecture and a new hardware driver model. Windows also introduced Group Policy , a technology that allowed administrators to centrally configure most Windows features. However, power management was not one of those features. This is probably because the power management settings design relied upon a connected set of per-user and per-machine binary registry values, [35] effectively leaving it up to each user to configure their own power management settings.
The reasons for this design decision by Microsoft are not known, and it has resulted in heavy criticism. The support offered is limited to a single per-computer policy. The most recent release, Windows 7 retains these limitations but does include refinements for timer coalescing , processor power management , [38] [39] and display panel brightness. The most significant change in Windows 7 is in the user experience. The prominence of the default High Performance power plan has been reduced with the aim of encouraging users to save power. There is a significant market in third-party PC power management software offering features beyond those present in the Windows operating system.
Linux systems started to provide laptop-optimized power-management in , [49] with power-management options being mainstream since As of July 20, , all new Energy Star 4. Smaller form factor e. With no moving parts, power consumption may be reduced somewhat for low-capacity flash-based devices. As hard drive prices have fallen, storage farms have tended to increase in capacity to make more data available online.
This includes archival and backup data that would formerly have been saved on tape or other offline storage. The increase in online storage has increased power consumption. Reducing the power consumed by large storage arrays, while still providing the benefits of online storage, is a subject of ongoing research. A fast GPU may be the largest power consumer in a computer. Unlike other display technologies, electronic paper does not use any power while displaying an image.
They also contain significant amounts of lead. LCD monitors typically use a cold-cathode fluorescent bulb to provide light for the display. Some newer displays use an array of light-emitting diodes LEDs in place of the fluorescent bulb, which reduces the amount of electricity used by the display. Recycling computing equipment can keep harmful materials such as lead, mercury, and hexavalent chromium out of landfills , and can also replace equipment that otherwise would need to be manufactured, saving further energy and emissions.
Computer systems that have outlived their particular function can be re-purposed, or donated to various charities and non-profit organizations. Computing supplies, such as printer cartridges , paper , and batteries may be recycled as well. A drawback to many of these schemes is that computers gathered through recycling drives are often shipped to developing countries where environmental standards are less strict than in North America and Europe.
In , the collection rate of e-waste is still very low, even in the most ecology-responsible countries like France. The recycling of old computers raises an important privacy issue. The old storage devices still hold private information, such as emails, passwords, and credit card numbers, which can be recovered simply by someone's using software available freely on the Internet. Deletion of a file does not actually remove the file from the hard drive. Before recycling a computer, users should remove the hard drive, or hard drives if there is more than one, and physically destroy it or store it somewhere safe.
There are some authorized hardware recycling companies to whom the computer may be given for recycling, and they typically sign a non-disclosure agreement. Cloud computing addresses two major ICT challenges related to Green computing — energy usage and resource consumption. Virtualization , Dynamic provisioning environment , multi-tenancy, green data center approaches are enabling cloud computing to lower carbon emissions and energy usage up to a great extent.
- Green computing - Wikipedia!
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New technologies such as Edge and Fog computing are a solution to reducing energy consumption. These technologies allow redistributing computation near the use, thus reducing energy costs in the network.
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Teleconferencing and telepresence technologies are often implemented in green computing initiatives. The advantages are many; increased worker satisfaction, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions related to travel, and increased profit margins as a result of lower overhead costs for office space, heat, lighting, etc.
VoIP and phone extension mobility also made hot desking more practical. The information and communication technologies ICTs energy consumption, in the USA and worldwide, has been estimated respectively at 9. Some study tried to identify the key energy indices that allow a relevant comparison between different devices network elements. The target was to allow an immediate perception of the relationship between the network technology and the environmental effect. These studies are at the start and the gap to fill in this sector is still huge and further research will be necessary.
The inaugural Green list was announced on November 15, at SC As a complement to the TOP, the unveiling of the Green ushered in a new era where supercomputers can be compared by performance-per-watt. Each server has a memory of gigabytes. Connected, the server via an Infiniband FDR network.
Degree and postgraduate programs that provide training in a range of information technology concentrations along with sustainable strategies in an effort to educate students how to build and maintain systems while reducing its harm to the environment. Some certifications demonstrate that an individual has specific green computing knowledge, including:.
Green computing
There are a lot of blogs and other user created references that can be used to gain more insights on green computing strategies, technologies and business benefits. A lot of students in Management and Engineering courses have helped in raising higher awareness about green computing. Since , Greenpeace has maintained a list of ratings of prominent technology companies in several countries based on how clean the energy used by that company is, ranging from A the best to F the worst.
These men have done many years of research towards Green ICT. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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