Cyber Fraud: Tactics, Techniques and Procedures

The book uses the term Botnet as a metaphor for the evolving changes represented by this underground economy. Copiously illustrated, this engaging and engrossing book explores the state of threats present in the cyber fraud underground.

It discusses phishing and pharming, trojans and toolkits, direct threats, pump-and-dump scams, and other fraud-related activities of the booming cyber-underground economy. By examining the geopolitical and socio-economic foundations of a cyber threat landscape, the book specifically examines telecommunications infrastructure development, patterns and trends of internet adoption and use, profiles of specific malicious actors, threat types, and trends in these areas. An in-depth discussion is provided on the Russian Business Network's RBN role in global cyber crime as well as new evidence on how these criminals steal, package, buy, sell, and profit from the personal financial information of consumers.

Armed with this invaluable information, organizations and individuals will be better able to secure their systems and develop countermeasures to disrupt underground fraud. Hardcover , pages. To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up. To ask other readers questions about Cyber Fraud , please sign up. Lists with This Book. This book is not yet featured on Listopia.

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Each year we celebrate the client engagements, leading ideas, and talented people that support our success. Cybercriminals Are Scrambling The July takedown of AlphaBay and Hansa Market, two of the largest criminal marketplaces hosted on Tor hidden services, has decreased the number of vendors selling online accounts on the criminal underground, increasing the demand for compromised accounts from known sellers on shops such as Slilpp, where a variety of well-known and reliable users exclusively sell compromised accounts.

Hacking groups such as OurMine and LizardSquad, as well as the slew of copycat groups, live for peak retail season. However, they rarely target retailers—as we saw in and , these groups primarily target the gaming industry with distributed denial of service DDoS attacks rendering their websites inaccessible.

However, this trend may turn. Regardless, many of attacks will be opportunistic, attributing temporary inaccessibility of popular sites to high traffic. Extortionists or Copycat Groups These groups will likely threaten DDoS attacks to retailers during the peak retail season in hope that they will receive payment during a time when maintaining a stable retail website is critical.

Compromised Retail Accounts These accounts will likely be used by low-level criminals to carry out return and refund fraud, as we monitored during the peak retail season. Remote desktop protocol RDP and Virtual Network Computing VNC credentials in particular provide cybercriminals with a way to both gain initial entry into retailers' networks and move laterally, an essential process for identifying the systems on which POS malware should be installed.

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Unlike typical DDoS attacks, which take time to organize bots and reach their peak strength—pulse-wave attacks leverage botnets that are continually generating their full attack volume. Instead of turning the attacks on and off, pulse-wave attacks remain on, switching from target to target on the fly. Social Engineering by Phone Phone call returns, instead of in-store or online returns, will likely be the most popular method for executing return and refund fraud schemes in the peak retail season. This approach is popular among criminals because refund and return fraud is much easier to carry out over the phone than in-store or online.

Emergence of New Refund Services Existing refund services usually only last a few months, and while some of the services that have been created in the past month or so may maintain their service through peak retail season, it is likely that many new services will pop up—possibly the work of individuals who have offered services in the past under different handles—and many will emerge around Black Friday in November. It is likely that during peak retail season, natural disasters or other related incidents—even just weather conditions such as heavy snow—may be used as excuses for not receiving ordered products.

Worms Worms are back in A wormable exploit release into the network of a retailer could be massively problematic during non-peak season, but the impact during peak season could be catastrophic. This protective measure means that a major worm-enabled attack during peak retail season will most likely require a zero day exploit i. EMV and point-to-point encryption are slowly ushering in a period when POS malware in its current form will no longer be sufficient to compromise and monetize payment card data, but the threat remains for now. In many cases, the timespan between POS compromise and data exfiltration may be weeks or months in length, suggesting that retailers anticipating potential attacks during peak retail season should expect initial stages of POS malware infections to occur in advance of the busy retail period.

Many of these tools continued to be sold after the law enforcement takedowns mentioned above in July. Account Checkers Cybercriminals engaged in mass-compromise of accounts, such as those who sell accounts on the Slilpp marketplace, likely employ customized multi-site account checkers that are constantly updated to circumvent new defenses put in place by target organizations.

Account checkers run leaked credentials against online customer accounts. Web Injects The elite Russian-language cybercrime forum Exploit has had, throughout much of , a steadily increasing inventory of web injects that can be used for harvesting customer data, including account credentials, for various financial organizations and retail customer accounts. In addition to the web injects sold on Exploit, there is a closed web-inject store, "Inject Store" injectstore[.

Mobile Malware Multiple Android malware families are known to target mobile-commerce and e-commerce login credentials. For instance, in June , Marcher targeted login credentials for the mobile applications of retailers including Amazon, Best Buy, and Walmart. The threat of mobile credential theft malware is largely confined to the customers of big-name, nation-wide retailers.

Cyber threats to watch out for during peak retail season

Receipt Generators Receipt generators are online tools on which a user inputs associated information—type of item, price of item , tax, billing address, order number, etc. In addition to receipt generators, many individuals on large criminal marketplaces offer receipt-editing services. In these cases, the services are typically advertised for less than USD 20, and the service providers require the customer to provide basic order information to create the receipt.

The peak retail season will likely see a continuation of the tactics, techniques, and procedures TTP employed by cybercriminals in previous years, with varying degrees of intensity and some innovations. Ultimately, attackers are more likely to target retailers with familiar threats, given that criminals tend to seek out paths of least resistance.

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Emerging threats tend to be more complex, requiring more customization. This is opposed to well-worn attack methods, for which there exist automated attack tools and proven track records. That said, today's emerging threats are tomorrow's mainstays. Get even more details on the biggest cyber threats this holiday season in our page Special Report. Enter your information below and have the report delivered to your inbox. Pierre and Miquelon St. Western Sahara Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe. Would you like to receive occasional email updates from Booz Allen Hamilton? Investors Media Center Contracting Locations.

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