View all 6 comments. View all 3 comments. Nov 11, K. We all know that Cain was the firstborn of Adam and Eve. He was a farmer and he killed Abel, the first human to die, because of jealousy due to later being more favored by God. That made him the first human murderer and he was condemned by God and made him roam the earth forever.
This book, the last book completed by Nobel laureate Jose de Suosa Saramago before his death, Cain is about him and his journey after the killing. Like Forrest Gump, the wandering Cain of Saramago witnessed the important events during his lifetime that seemed to be forever. Well, some people in the Old Testament lived almost a thousand years. Cain here was there during the attempted killing of Isaac by his father Abraham, the trials of Job, Moses finding his people worshiping Baal, the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, the Great Flood, etc. Just like Saramago's earlier work The Gospel According to Jesus Christ 3 stars , this book takes Saramago's no-holds-barred interpretations of biblical stories that we are all familiar with.
Unlike the type of interpretations that are supposed to inspire you to being better human beings, Saramago's works make you think and smile. Think because Saramago pries into the bible-truths that we thought we should not question when we were young because those were how your catechists told you to interpret them.
Think because if you apply common sense, probably if you are not a biblical scholar like me, chances are, you would be amazed on how Saramago thought of those spins and twists. Also, his works make you smile because some of his dialogues, particularly those arguments between God and Cain are outright funny because after Cain was cursed by God, Cain felt that he was God's equal and he could say what he wanted to say to Him.
The result is like God and Cain arguing endlessly like two eager-beaver college debaters. Highly recommended to all Saramago's fans. View all 15 comments. Nov 06, A Miuda Geek rated it really liked it Shelves: O primeiro livro de Saramago que consegui ler na integra!
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E que estreia foi esta. View all 4 comments. The Bible is a playground of stories, of characters, of parables, of moral dilemmas. Some think it nonsense. Saramago, in this his final work, thinks it nonsense. He has tapped this mine before, in The Gospel According to Jesus Christ , but here he goes again, telling the story of Cain and Abel but then projecting Cain as an observer and sometime participant on other Bible stories. Cain shows up The Bible is a playground of stories, of characters, of parables, of moral dilemmas.
Cain is there when God and Satan make a bet to see if Job will lose his religion if they destroy his life. Saramago makes literary fun of Bible stories, showing that the Biblical god is petulant, vengeful, murderous, unjust, often forgetful and almost humanly fallible. So, believers can humph, and haters gonna hate. At least not the Bible as I remember it.
Some minor spoilers follow. He winds up enslaved in the palace of Queen Lilith and her husband Noah. His first job there is mud treader. Which is a pretty shitty job. But Queen Lilith takes a shine to him and makes him her bedchamber slave boytoy. Cain finds this happier work than mudtreading. Saramago sets up this switch in duties beautifully with this passage: Like everything else, words have their whys and wherefores. The overseer said, Enter. Yes, a simple word.
But what are we, the readers, entering. There is no Biblical character named Lilith. People with more time on their hands have thought about this though. My power is absolute, limitless…the only person I have to account to is myself…I never have to concern myself with considerations of a personal nature…I am endowed , let me say this to you now, with a conscience so flexible that it agrees with whatever I do.
But Cain sees all this. And he sees the future clearly. We are His image going forward, ya know. And thanks to this re-imagining, Cain is on the Ark. There are just these few folks left. He can end this right now. Save a lot of CNN headlines. God destroyed Sodom, innocent children slaughtered along with the fetishists. I read this this week as innocent children were slaughtered while waiting for their parents to finish a race. View all 16 comments. View all 5 comments.
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Compared to The Gospel According to Jesus Christ , Saramago is a lot more laid back here, a lot less subtle, like he's shooting fish in a barrel. But as far as contradictions and inconsistencies go, The Old Testament or as Saramago calls it, The Book of Nonsense is pretty low-hanging fruit. Whether it's God's destruction of innocent children in Sodom and Gomorrah, while choosing to save only the "honourable" Lot who had earlier offered his daughters' virginity to the mob, and who later sleeps Compared to The Gospel According to Jesus Christ , Saramago is a lot more laid back here, a lot less subtle, like he's shooting fish in a barrel.
Whether it's God's destruction of innocent children in Sodom and Gomorrah, while choosing to save only the "honourable" Lot who had earlier offered his daughters' virginity to the mob, and who later sleeps with them both himself , or God's punking of Abraham by calling for the mock-sacrifice of his son - the stories of the old testament show God to be not exactly the paragon of maturity and virtue. Saramago's take-down in Cain does not teach us anything new, but his approach is original and incisive, and above all it is a lot of fun.
Verdict is the same after second read still 5 stars and spot on my favorites list. Blasphemy, religious satire and poisonously dark humor, what's there not to love? Jul 17, Owlseyes rated it liked it Shelves: I've just read some pages, and I surely can envision much to come, of the same. It starts quoting Hebrews An imperfect Creation, that's the main issue: He sparsely visited the couple, because he had other paradises to visit. God expells them from paradise after they had disobeyed; Eve said: So my present thesis is: Yes, I will continue reading, to unravel the Cain issue.
Later Adam and Eve would meet with the cherubim: Adam and Eve are portrayed as being of black hair and dark skin; but their children, Abel and Cain, are different; Abel being blond, Saramago hints at the rendezvous between Eve and the angel of Eden. God will punish Cain: Lilith, the wife of Noah.
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Noah is jealous about that second job. The above mentioned palace was not like Mafra or Versailles Now Cain tells Lilith his true name. She asks him to kill Noah. Cain departures to a new, green land. There he meets with Abraham,about to sacrifice his son Isaac to God. I am still laughing: So Cain got the laurels. Cain asks a man who speaks Hebrew like him: Cain reveals that he's got a special supernatural? After days, water level starts receding.
Noah had seen an unicorn; really: The ark had no sail By the end of the book: Saramago took pity on Cain: I would say Cain looks godlike godish. His forehead sign is becoming bigger. Like a black sun. I am not questioning God For such refusal, Azazel was thenceforth dubbed "the accursed Satan" Azazel refused,contending "why should a son of fire an angel fall down before a son of clay a mortal ". Whereupon God cast Azazel out of Heaven A Dictionary of Angels by Gustav Davidson View all 9 comments. Sep 07, Susana rated it it was amazing Shelves: This book is full of considerations on the relation between God and Mankind, that most of us have probably thought of, but would never be able to expr review in English below Brilhante!
This book is full of considerations on the relation between God and Mankind, that most of us have probably thought of, but would never be able to express with such wit and irony. I laughed to tears on the first chapter. I really liked it. The result is an equally outrageous and - alas - good job, a crazy retelling of the Old Testament as seen through the eyes of the most controversial character of all: Cain, the first murder in human history, the Evil Brother who is actually the Evil Half of mankind The book of Genesis is full of murders, despair Eighteen years after " The Gospel According to Jesus Christ ", his merciless onslaught against the New Testament, Saramago is back to finish the job.
The book of Genesis is full of murders, despair, deviant sex, fear. Quite properly, one might say, since it tells about our common origins; its protagonists are mostly sinful creatures whose identities are to be seen as the chain of mankind's moral development. The whole Testament is a collection of extreme contradictions: All the insoluble questions and indecipherable answers of theology are to be found in these books. No wonder Saramago finds an easy target in so many pages of rape, incest, massacres, revenge, extermination and - most of all - in a God presiding over any sort of evil afflicting His creatures.
After having murdered his brother, Saramago's Cain is condemned to wander through time and space until he dies. He finds himself riding a donkey in a barren wasteland, sort of a metaphysical desert in which humanity dwells in a surreal atmosphere of fleetingness. There's neither a past nor a future for him: That's how he witnesses the main episodes of Genesis, Exodus, Hosea, Job, obviously revisited by Saramago in the most scandalous way possible, with no chronological order so to describe the nonsensical life of mankind.
Once again, the author's point is quite simple to get: God is cruel, selfish and utterly indifferent both to good and evil; we are puppets whose existence has always been meaningless to the great puppeteer. God agrees with Cain's accusations and spares his life, so to get even with him; then our hero sets off for his lifelong journey through the Unknown. He meets Lilith not the female demon of the Semitic myth , the sensual, gorgeous wife of a landowner who becomes his mistress and bears him a child, Enoch, "Founder of cities" an interesting parallel can be drawn with the relationship between Kamala and Siddhartha in Hesse's novel.
Then Cain saves Isaac from being sacrificed by his father Abraham, who's being tested by God. The angel sent to stop the slaughtering arrives too late and only Cain's fortuitous arrival averts the tragedy: Father, this religion is not my thing.
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It must be, son, there is no remedy. You mean the lord makes people go insane, Isaac asked. Yes, quite often, most of the time, abraham replied. More bloodshed in Sodom, where the Lord doesn't even bother discerning between the guilty and the innocent and exterminates the whole population, including the children On with the conquest of the Promised Land and the trail of blood left behind by Joshua's army; the Golden Calf; the destruction of Jericho Then Cain meets Noah and his family, chosen by God to start a brand new generation after the Deluge.
The last human beings welcome him on board the Ark, where they're supposed to spend their time copulating for the sake of mankind. This time there were two little shrieks, and more sounds of broken glass. As for pulling me out of the window, I only wish they could! I'm sure I don't want to stay in here any longer! Bill's got the other—Bill! Fetch it here, lad!
Don't be particular—Here, Bill! Catch hold of this rope—Will the roof bear? The master says you've got to go down the chimney! So Bill's got to come down the chimney, has he? I wouldn't be in Bill's place for a good deal: The first thing she heard was a general chorus of "There goes Bill! What happened to you? Tell us all about it! And Alice called out, as loud as she could, "If you do, I'll set Dinah at you! If they had any sense, they'd take the roof off. But she had not long to doubt, for the next moment a shower of little pebbles came rattling in at the window, and some of them hit her in the face.
Alice noticed, with some surprise, that the pebbles were all turning into little cakes as they lay on the floor, and a bright idea came into her head. As soon as she was small enough to get through the door, she ran out of the house, and found quite a crowd of little animals and birds waiting outside.
The poor little Lizard, Bill, was in the middle, being held up by two guinea-pigs, who were giving it something out of a bottle. They all made a rush at Alice the moment she appeared; but she ran off as hard as she could, and soon found herself safe in a thick wood. I think that will be the best plan. An enormous puppy was looking down at her with large round eyes, and feebly stretching out one paw, trying to touch her.
Hardly knowing what she did, she picked up a little bit of stick, and held it out to the puppy: This seemed to Alice a good opportunity for making her escape: I'd nearly forgotten that I've got to grow up again! Let me see— how is it to be managed? I suppose I ought to eat or drink something or other; but the great question is 'What? There was a large mushroom growing near her, about the same height as herself; and, when she had looked under it, and on both sides of it, and behind it, it occurred to her that she might as well look and see what was on the top of it.
She stretched herself up on tiptoe, and peeped over the edge of the mushroom, and her eyes immediately met those of a large blue caterpillar, that was sitting on the top, with its arms folded, quietly smoking a long hookah, and taking not the smallest notice of her or of anything else. Alice o ouviu murmurando para si mesmo: Ai, meu pelo e meus bigodes! Corra pra casa agora mesmo e me traga um par de luvas e um leque! Largou apressadamente a garrafa, dizendo para si mesma: Era tarde demais para desejar isso!
Eu bem que penso o que pode ter acontecido comigo! Quando eu lia contos de fadas, imaginava que aquelas coisas todas nunca aconteciam Deveria haver um livro escrito sobre mim, ah, se deveria! E quando eu crescer, escreverei um Isso vai ser um consolo, de certa forma Era uma conversa e tanto! Mas passados alguns minutos, ouviu uma voz do lado de fora e parou para ouvir.
Alice o ouviu dizer para si mesmo: Em seguida ouviu-se uma voz zangada a do Coelho: Venha me ajudar a sair daqui! Sons de mais vidro quebrado. Desta vez houve dois gritinhos, e mais sons de vidro quebrado. Quanto a me puxar pela janela, eu bem que gostaria que pudessem!
Conseguiu distinguir as palavras: Traga ela aqui, rapaz! Segure esta corda — O telhado vai aguentar? Mal sabendo o que fazia, pegou um graveto e o estendeu para o filhotinho. Tinha quase me esquecido de que tenho que crescer de novo! Frequently, a major difficulty in psychiatry is arriving at a correct diagnosis, particularly in children. Increased clinical experience and new research often suggest that certain previously unlinked disorders actually form a spectrum of a single disease entity, while a previously single diagnosis is better broken down into subclasses.
Asperger's syndrome was described in as a disorder predominantly affecting boys, in which social interactions and dialogue, but not language, were effected. While intelligent, creative, and having specific restricted interests, affected individuals were not able to conform to ordinary situations, as found in school life. In spite of this rather specific description, Asperger's syndrome has not been listed as a subcategory in recent classifications of disease. Rather, it has been classified as a part of infantile autism, which itself has been listed as a subcategory of pervasive developmental disorders.
An autism spectrum disorder has now been proposed, in which Asperger's syndrome would represent high-functioning autistic individuals. In this issue, Professor Cox disputes this new classification and suggests that, for a variety of reasons, Asperger's syndrome should stand apart from the classification of autism.
Cox's opinion is supported by this commentary by Wolff, who reviews studies of children affected by Asperger's syndrome. Wolff suggests that these children's difficulties are constitutional, not caused willfully or by the parents, and the children frequently have some characteristics reminiscent of the schizophrenia spectrum. With special school and other arrangements, many may develop into adults capable of work and marriage, although overall adjustment may be poorer than in others.
The author suggests that correct diagnosis is important, to allow better understanding of these disorders and to provide affected children with understanding, appropriate treatment, and access to resources so that they may develop to their maximum potential. Demographic aspects, Identification and classification, Childhood mental disorders, Child psychopathology, Child psychiatry Author: C-Phycocyanin is a natural blue dye used in food and pharmaceutical industry.
In the present study, a simple and efficient method to extract C-phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis wet biomass is reported. The extractions were carried out using six different methods, including chemical organic and inorganic acid treatment , physical freezing and thawing, sonication, homogenization and enzymatic lysozyme treatment methods. Spirulina; Wet biomass; Extraction; C-Phycocyanin.
Oh mes pauvres petites pattes! Oh, ma fourrure et mes moustaches! Je vais voir l'effet que produira cette bouteille. Ce que je regrette d'avoir tant bu! Je me demande ce qui a bien pu m'arriver! C'est tout juste s'il y a assez de place pour toi! Il n'y en a pas du tout pour un livre de classe!
Apportez-moi mes gants tout de suite! Alice entendit le Lapin qui disait: Qui a jamais vu un bras de cette taille? Moi, je n'ai pas envie de rester ici plus longtemp-temps! Elle distingua les phrases suivantes: Puis le Lapin ordonna: Puis il y eut un silence Non, merci, j'en ai assez Dans le jardin, elle trouva un grand nombre de petits animaux et d'oiseaux.
Je suppose que je devrais manger ou boire quelque chose ; mais la grande question est: Alice o ouviu murmurar: Ai, minhas pobres patinhas! Logo o Coelho viu Alice vasculhando por todos os cantos e dirigiu-se a ela em tom irritado: