In the SL group, specimen extraction was performed via a Pfannenstiel incision and in HAL group through a periumbilical midline incision.
Objective intraoperative, hospital stay, and postoperative data as well as pain analog scores were collected prospectively. Patients completed the quality-of-life QoL SF questionnaire preoperatively and at 1 month and 3 months of follow-up. There was no difference in the mean estimated blood loss The mean preoperative None of the recipients required postoperative dialysis, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups in the serum creatinine concentration.
Laparoscopic and hand-assisted donor nephrectomies have similar outcomes and postoperative pain. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. Predictors of change in health-related quality of life among older people with depression: Depression is a common psychological problem among older people.
Health-related quality of life HRQoL is now recognized by healthcare providers as an important treatment goal for people with depression. This study aimed to identify This study aimed to identify predictors of change in HRQoL among older people with depression. In a longitudinal study, data were collected when participants were newly diagnosed with a depressive disorder at a regional outpatient department in Hong Kong and 12 months later.
Seventy-seven Chinese participants aged 65 years or older completed the study. Weather, pollution, and acute myocardial infarction in Hong Kong and Taiwan more. Results of these studies have been inconsistent and few studies have been done in cities with Results of these studies have been inconsistent and few studies have been done in cities with sub-tropical or tropical climates. Daily data on AMI hospitalizations, mean temperature and humidity, and pollutants, were collected for for three warm-climate Asian cities.
Poisson Generalized Additive Models were used to regress daily AMI counts on temperature, humidity, and pollutants while controlling for day of the week, long-term trends and seasonal effects. Smoothing splines allowing non-linear associations were used for temperature and humidity while pollutants were modeled as linear terms.
No significant heat effects were observed. Cool temperatures and higher NO2 levels substantially raised AMI risk in these warm-climate cities and the effect sizes we observed were stronger than those found in previous studies. More attention should be paid to the health dangers of cold weather in warm-climate cities. International Journal of Cardiology. Weather, season, and daily stroke admissions in Hong Kong more. Previous studies examining daily temperature and stroke incidence have given conflicting results. We undertook this retrospective study of all stroke admissions in those aged 35 years old and above to Hong Kong public hospitals from We undertook this retrospective study of all stroke admissions in those aged 35 years old and above to Hong Kong public hospitals from through in order to better understand the effects of meteorological conditions on stroke risk in a subtropical setting.
We used Poisson Generalized Additive Models with daily hemorrhagic HS and ischemic stroke IS counts separately as outcomes, and daily mean temperature, humidity, solar radiation, rainfall, air pressure, pollutants, flu consultation rates, day of week, holidays, time trend and seasonality as predictors. Lagged effects of temperature, humidity and pollutants were also considered. A total of 23, HS and , IS admissions were analyzed. Mean daily temperature had a strong, consistent, negative linear association with HS admissions over the range 8. This association was stronger among older subjects and females.
Higher lag average change in air pressure from previous day was modestly associated with higher HS risk. Pollutant levels were not associated with HS or IS. Future studies should examine HS and IS risk separately. International Journal of Biometeorology. Epidemiology of injuries due to tropical cyclones in Hong Kong: A retrospective observational study more. Rotheray , and C. Tropical cyclones are huge circulating masses of wind which form over tropical and sub-tropical waters.
They affect an average of 78 million people each year. Hong Kong is a large urban centre with a population of just over 7 million Hong Kong is a large urban centre with a population of just over 7 million which is frequently affected by tropical cyclones. We aimed to describe the numbers and types of injuries due to tropical cyclones in Hong Kong, as well as their relation to tropical cyclone characteristics. Meteorological records for the relevant periods were examined and data on wind speed, rainfall and timing of landfall and warning signals was recorded and compared with the timing of tropical cyclone related injuries.
A total of tropical cyclone related injuries and one fatality across 15 emergency departments were identified during the study period. In univariable analysis the relative risk of injury increased with mean hourly wind speed and hourly maximum gust. Moderate wind speed with high gust rather than high average and high gust appears to be the most risky situation for injuries. Relative risk of injury was not associated with rainfall. In tropical cyclone related injuries in Hong Kong the head and upper limb are the most commonly affected sites with falls and being hit by a falling or flying object being the most common mechanisms of injury.
Hourly maximum gust appears to be more important that mean hourly wind speed in determining risk of injury. These findings have implications for injury prevention measures and emergency planning in Hong Kong and other regions effected by tropical cyclones. Social Determinants of Frailty more. Colorectal cancer screening behaviour and associated factors among Chinese aged 50 and above in Hong Kong — A population-based survey more. This study reports the uptake rate of colorectal cancer screening among Chinese people aged 50 or above and the identified factors associated with the likelihood of undergoing such screening.
A cross-sectional population-based telephone A cross-sectional population-based telephone survey was conducted in Hong Kong during the period 2 to 28 May The survey covered demographics, perceived health status and susceptibility to cancer, utilisation of complementary medicine, family history of cancer and cancer screening behaviour. Factors associated with colorectal cancer screening behaviour included: The uptake rate of this study population was low though an increasing trend did appear.
Heath education and promotion programmes may focus on these identified factors to facilitate colorectal cancer screening in a Chinese population. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. Effects of Asian dust storm events on daily stroke admissions in Taipei, Taiwan more. Associations of apolipoprotein E exon 4 and lipoprotein lipase SX polymorphisms with acute ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction more.
Clinical Chemical Laboratory Medicine. The population in Hong Kong is mainly Chinese, but their lifestyle is increasingly westernized. It is uncertain whether the trends of stroke in Hong Kong would follow a Chinese or Western pattern. This is the first study to examine the This is the first study to examine the trends of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in Hong Kong between and with a view to providing data for planning preventive programs and resources for treatment.
Data from the Clinical Management System database of the Hong Kong Hospital Authority for were used to examine incidence rates of stroke by subtypes among the Hong Kong population aged 35 and above. Poisson regression models were used to examine the trends in the ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke incidence in different subgroups.
During , while the age-adjusted incidence of ischemic stroke has decreased, that of hemorrhagic stroke has remained fairly stable. In the younger age group years , the incidence of ischemic stroke remained stable, whereas that of hemorrhagic stroke has increased.
ISPD Peritonitis Recommendations: 2016 Update on Prevention and Treatment
Furthermore, the incidence of all stroke among Hong Kong Chinese is much higher than in many other developed countries. There were different trends of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke incidence in Hong Kong. The findings highlight the public health importance of further research into the underlying causes of the increasing trend in hemorrhagic stroke in the younger age group, and the higher overall age-adjusted stroke incidence in Hong Kong compared with other developed countries.
Previous pulmonary disease and family cancer history increase the risk of lung cancer among Hong Kong women more. Chinese women in Hong Kong have among the highest incidence and mortality of lung cancer in the world, in spite of a low prevalence of smoking. We carried out this population-based case-control study to evaluate the associations of We carried out this population-based case-control study to evaluate the associations of previous lung disease and family cancer history with the occurrence of lung cancer among them.
We selected cases that were newly diagnosed with primary lung cancer, and randomly sampled controls from the community, frequency matched by age group. All the cases and controls were lifetime nonsmokers. All of the previous lung diseases, except chronic bronchitis, were related to an elevated risk for lung cancer, and the association with asthma was significant. Those who had more than one previous lung disease tended to be at higher risk than those with only one of them. Positive family history of any cancer was associated with over 2-fold risk than negative family history.
The joint effect of positive history of previous pulmonary diseases and positive family cancer history appeared to be additive, indicating the two factors acted independently. The results support an etiological link of preexisting lung disease and family cancer history to the risk of lung cancer. Evidence for an association between cutaneous melanoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma more. Over the past 2 decades both cutaneous melanoma CM and non-Hodgkin lymphoma NHL incidence rates have increased substantially. One approach to better understanding the etiologic basis for these increases is to examine the risk of NHL The number of observed cases then were compared with the number of expected cases to see if CM survivors were at an increased risk of NHL or if NHL survivors were at an increased risk of CM.
Although detection bias and posttherapy effects may explain part of this association, shared genetic or etiologic factors, such as sunlight exposure, also may play a role. In memory of Prof. Stiglitz lecturing on Sustainable Growth in the Wake of the Crisis: Lessons for Asia and the World. Lam Bun-ching Shares Experience in Creativity. Renowned Climate Scientist Prof. Inter-University Seminar on Asian Megacities: New Results from Daya Bay: Ho Nursing Teaching and Learning Centre. Community-based Environmental Education Today.
Celebrating 50 Years of Excellence: Leo Ou-fan Lee and Prof. Leung Yuen-sang as Dean of the Faculty of Arts. Carbon Audit and Reduction Today. On the first day of the new academic year. Quality of Life in Hong Kong Declined. In Memory of Professor Hu Shiu-ying. Edward Yau Tang-wah, Secretary for the Environment.
Minh-ha Now Open for Public Registration. Quality of Life in Hong Kong Stabilized. Xu Yangsheng as Pro-Vice-Chancellor. Celebrated Author and Educator Prof. Similar to bacterial peritonitis, most cases of tuberculous peritonitis have PMN in the dialysis effluent at initial presentation, but lymphocytosis in the dialysis effluent usually becomes obvious later. Ziehl-Neelsen stain examination of the PD effluent is often unrevealing, and conventional culture technique e. The time to develop a positive culture is considerably decreased in fluid medium e.
Overall diagnostic yield could be improved by centrifuging a large volume of effluent 50 to mL , followed by culturing the sediment in both solid and fluid media.
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- Prevention of Peritonitis;
Alternatively, mycobacterial DNA PCR can be performed on dialysis effluent, although false-positives are not uncommon Laparoscopy with biopsy of the peritoneum or omentum has also been advocated for rapid diagnosis if the index of suspicion is high The treatment protocol should be based on general protocols for treatment of tuberculosis but is often started with 4 drugs: A previous study showed that rifampicin levels in PD effluent are often low Intraperitoneal rifampicin treatment has been advocated but is not available in many countries.
In general, pyrazinamide and ofloxacin could be stopped after 2 months, while rifampicin and isoniazid should be continued for a total of 12 to 18 months — On the other hand, long-term use of pyridoxine at a higher dose e. Streptomycin, even in reduced doses, may cause ototoxicity after prolonged use and should be avoided. Ethambutol is associated with a high risk of optic neuritis in dialysis patients and must be used with appropriate dosage reduction. The optimal treatment for drug-resistant tuberculous peritonitis remains unknown.
Many patients respond to anti-tuberculous therapy without catheter removal — , However, it is important to differentiate patients with miliary tuberculosis, whose peritonitis is part of the disseminated disease, from those with isolated tuberculous peritonitis without extraperitoneal infection, because the duration of anti-tuberculous therapy is different.
Data on peritonitis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria are limited but may be increasing 21 , — It is not uncommon for non-tuberculous mycobacteria to be misidentified as gram-positive diphtheroids. Over half of the isolates are rapidly growing species, such as M. It has been postulated that extensive use of topical gentamicin ointment for exit-site infection may predispose patients to non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection of the exit site The treatment regimen for non-tuberculous mycobacterial peritonitis is not well established and requires individualized protocols based on susceptibility testing.
Catheter removal is usually necessary, and experience with non-removal is limited — The type and duration of antibiotic therapy are variable, and the optimal treatment regimen is poorly defined and depends on species and drug susceptibilities — We recommend that PD catheters be removed for refractory, relapsing, or fungal peritonitis unless there are clinical contraindications 1C. We suggest that it is appropriate to consider return to PD for many patients who have had their catheter removed for refractory, relapsing, or fungal peritonitis 2C.
We suggest that if re-insertion of a new catheter is attempted after a PD catheter is removed for refractory, relapsing, or fungal peritonitis, it be performed at least 2 weeks after catheter removal and complete resolution of peritoneal symptoms 2D. Indications for catheter removal are summarized in Table 8. For refractory peritonitis and fungal peritonitis, simultaneous re-insertion of a new PD catheter is not recommended, and patients should be put on temporary hemodialysis.
Observational studies suggest that effective antibiotics should be continued for at least 2 weeks after catheter removal for refractory peritonitis , An ANZDATA Registry study demonstrated that return to PD after catheter removal and temporary hemodialysis for peritonitis was not associated with inferior patient-level clinical outcomes when compared with other patients who either never required hemodialysis transfer for peritonitis or who had permanent hemodialysis transfer for peritonitis Furthermore, subsequent peritonitis-free, technique and patient survival following return to PD were not associated with organism type or duration of time from hemodialysis transfer to PD restart There are few data on the optimal duration between catheter removal for peritonitis and re-insertion of a new catheter.
Observational studies suggest a minimum period of 2 to 3 weeks — , although some would recommend later re-insertion in cases of fungal peritonitis , Re-insertion of a new catheter should be done by laparoscopic or mini-laparotomy approach so that adhesion can be directly visualized. Ultrafiltration problems are common after return to PD , A small proportion of patients with PD-related peritonitis develop recurrent intra-abdominal collection that requires percutaneous drainage after catheter removal The chance of a successful return to PD is very low in this group of patients, and direct conversion to long-term hemodialysis should be considered There are some new antibiotics that, to the best of our knowledge, have not been tried for the treatment of PD-related peritonitis.
For example, ceftaroline has good coverage of gram-negative bacteria and is also active against MRSA and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. The pharmacokinetic data of many new antibiotics, administered either systemically or IP, are much needed and some are in the pipeline Many data on antibiotic stability in PD solutions are old and need to be repeated in new PD solutions.
Pharmacodynamic investigations specific to PD-related peritonitis are scarce. The impact of antibiotic resistance also requires further study. This technique may shorten the time to species identification and also help to identify rare or unknown pathogens. Clinical trials are also required in order to assess the efficacy and safety of various treatment regimens, especially for the treatment of peritonitis in APD. Outcomes to be examined should include not only resolution without catheter removal, but also the duration of peritoneal inflammation, relapsing and repeat episodes, as well as the change in peritoneal solute transport status after resolution of peritonitis.
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Further studies are also needed on primary and secondary prevention of peritonitis. Research on the biology and management of catheter biofilm is also needed. Finally, whilst PD training is widely acknowledged as crucial to achieving good clinical outcomes in PD, high-level evidence guiding how, where, when, and by whom PD training should be performed is lacking.
Research in this area should explicitly detail the training curriculum and approach rather than vaguely alluding to adult-learning principles to permit generalizability of study findings. CCS receives research grant and consultancy amounts from Baxter Healthcare. AF received consultant and speaker fees from Baxter Healthcare. DJ has previously received consultancy fees, research funding, travel sponsorship and research funding from Baxter Healthcare and Fresenius Medical Care.
He has also received travel sponsorship from Amgen. The others declare no conflict of interests. To view a copy of this license, visit http: User Name Password Sign In. Figueiredo 5 , Douglas N. Struijk 10 , Isaac Teitelbaum 11 and David W. In this window In a new window. Previous Section Next Section. Catheter Placement We recommend that systemic prophylactic antibiotics be administered immediately prior to catheter insertion 1A. Catheter Design The committee has no specific recommendation on catheter design for prevention of peritonitis.
Dialysis Solution The committee has no specific recommendation on the choice of dialysis solution for prevention of peritonitis. Exit-Site Care We recommend daily topical application of antibiotic mupirocin or gentamicin cream or ointment to the catheter exit site 1B. Bowel and Gynecological Source Infections We suggest antibiotic prophylaxis prior to colonoscopy 2C and invasive gynecologic procedures 2D.
Secondary Prevention We recommend anti-fungal prophylaxis when PD patients receive antibiotic courses to prevent fungal peritonitis 1B. Figure 1 — Initial management of peritonitis. Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis of Peritonitis We recommend that peritonitis always be diagnosed when at least 2 of the following are present: Identification of Causative Organism We recommend that the blood-culture bottle be the preferred technique for bacterial culture of PD effluent 1C.
Other Novel Diagnostic Techniques We suggest that there is insufficient evidence to currently support the use of novel techniques for the diagnosis of peritonitis 2D. Empiric Antibiotic Selection We recommend that empirical antibiotic therapy be initiated as soon as possible after appropriate microbiological specimens have been obtained 1C. Dosage of Antibiotics We recommend that IP antibiotics be the preferred route of administration unless the patient has features of systemic sepsis 1B. Antibiotic Delivery and Stability The stability and compatibility of various antibiotics for IP administration was reviewed previously Special Considerations for APD There is a substantial knowledge gap regarding the antibiotic dosing requirements for the treatment of peritonitis in APD patients.
Adjunctive Treatments Some patients with PD-related peritonitis could be managed on an outpatient basis. Figure 2 — Management algorithm for gram-positive cocci identified in dialysis effluent. Figure 3 — Management algorithm for gram-negative bacilli or mixed bacterial growth identified in dialysis effluent. Refractory Peritonitis We recommend that the PD catheter be removed promptly in refractory peritonitis episodes, defined as failure of the PD effluent to clear up after 5 days of appropriate antibiotics 1C.
Relapsing, Recurrent, and Repeat Peritonitis We recommend that timely catheter removal be considered for relapsing, recurrent, or repeat peritonitis episodes 1C. Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus We suggest that coagulase-negative staphylococci generally be treated with IP cephalosporins or vancomycin, according to antimicrobial susceptibility, for a period of 2 weeks. Enterococcus Species We suggest that enterococcal peritonitis be treated for 3 weeks with IP vancomycin 2C. Streptococcal Species We suggest that streptococcal peritonitis be treated with appropriate antibiotics, such as IP ampicillin, for 2 weeks 2C.
Staphylococcus Aureus We suggest that Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis be treated with effective antibiotics for 3 weeks 2C. Corynebacterium Peritonitis We suggest that corynebacterial peritonitis be treated with effective antibiotics for 3 weeks 2C. Pseudomonas Peritonitis We suggest that Pseudomonas peritonitis be treated with 2 antibiotics with different mechanisms of action and to which the organism is sensitive e. Other Gram-Negative Bacteria We suggest that non- Pseudomonas gram-negative peritonitis be treated with effective antibiotics for at least 3 weeks 2C.
Culture-Negative Peritonitis We suggest that negative effluent cultures on day 3 warrant a repeat dialysis effluent WBC count with differential 2D. Fungal Peritonitis We recommend immediate catheter removal when fungi are identified in PD effluent 1C. Tuberculous Peritonitis Although classical symptoms of fever, abdominal pain, and cloudy effluent may occur with tuberculous peritonitis, the diagnosis should be considered in any patient with refractory or relapsing peritonitis with negative bacterial cultures.
Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Peritonitis Data on peritonitis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria are limited but may be increasing 21 , — Catheter Removal and Re-Insertion We recommend that PD catheters be removed for refractory, relapsing, or fungal peritonitis unless there are clinical contraindications 1C.
Microbiology and outcomes of peritonitis in Australian peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int ; Peritonitis-related mortality in patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis remains the major clinical complication of peritoneal dialysis: Are peritoneal dialysis patients with and without residual renal function equivalent for survival study? Insight from a retrospective review of the cause of death.
Nephrol Dial Transplant ; Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis rates and outcomes in a national cohort are not improving in the post-millennium Recent peritonitis associates with mortality among patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol ; Predictors of peritonitis and the impact of peritonitis on clinical outcomes of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients in Taiwan—10 years' experience in a single center. Predictors for and impact of high peritonitis rate in Taiwanese continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.
Int Urol Nephrol ; CrossRef Medline Google Scholar. Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis treatment recommendations: International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis. Adult peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis treatment recommendations: Peritoneal dialysis-related infections recommendations: ISPD position statement on reducing the risks of peritoneal dialysis-related infections.
Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ ; Consensus guidelines for the prevention and treatment of catheter-related infections and peritonitis in pediatric patients receiving peritoneal dialysis: Perit Dial Int ; 32 Suppl 2: Fivefold reduction in peritonitis using a multifaceted continuous quality initiative program. Adv Perit Dial ; Nephrol News Issues ; Cho Y , Johnson DW. Am J Kidney Dis ; Today's approaches to prevent peritonitis. Contrib Nephrol ; Mycobacterium chelonae peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in Scotland Exit-site care in Austrian peritoneal dialysis centers—a nationwide survey.
Improving outcome of CAPD: Peritoneal dialysis in Brazil: Temporal trends in peritonitis rates, microbiology and outcomes: Blood Purif ; Key factors for a high-quality peritoneal dialysis program—the role of the PD team and continuous quality improvement. Perit Dial Int ; 34 Suppl 2: A year retrospective cohort study on the risk factors for peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis: Clin Exp Nephrol ; Methodological issues in assessing the incidence of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in children.
Outcomes of peritoneal dialysis patients and switching to hemodialysis: The association between exit site infection and subsequent peritonitis among peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol ; 7: Clinical practice guidelines for peritoneal access. Prophylactic gentamicin in the prevention of early exit-site infections and peritonitis in CAPD. Adv Perit Dial ; 4: Prophylactic antibiotics in the insertion of Tenckhoff catheters. Scand J Urol Nephrol ; Role of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing postoperative peritonitis in newly placed peritoneal dialysis catheters.
Antimicrobial agents to prevent peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: Peritoneoscopic versus surgical placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters: Laparoscopic placement of the Tenckhoff catheter for peritoneal dialysis. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech ; Randomized prospective comparison of laparoscopic and open peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion.
Prospective randomized study for comparison of open surgery with laparoscopic-assisted placement of Tenckhoff peritoneal dialysis catheter—a single center experience and literature review. J Surg Res ; Catheter-related interventions to prevent peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: Paramedian versus midline incision for the insertion of permanent peritoneal dialysis catheters. A randomized clinical trial. A prospective randomized evaluation of chronic peritoneal catheters. Insertion site and intraperitoneal segment. Reduction in peritonitis incidence in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with a new catheter and implantation technique.
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Perit Dial Int ; 13 Suppl 2: Effect of prolonged subcutaneous implantation of peritoneal catheter on peritonitis rate during CAPD: Adv Ren Replace Ther ; 9: A comparison of two types of catheters for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis CAPD. Catheter configuration and outcome in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: A prospective randomized comparison of the swan neck, coiled, and straight Tenckhoff catheters in patients on CAPD.
Perit Dial Int ; 16 Suppl 1: Comparison of straight and curled Tenckhoff peritoneal dialysis catheters implanted by percutaneous technique: Prospective randomized trial of 3 different peritoneal catheters — preliminary report. A randomized controlled trial of coiled versus straight swan-neck Tenckhoff catheters in peritoneal dialysis patients.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the influence of peritoneal dialysis catheter type on complication rate and catheter survival. Kidney Int ; Prospective studies on applications of a two-cuff swan neck catheter and a Tenckhoff catheter to Chinese CAPD patients. Clin Nephrol ; A randomized trial comparing conventional swan-neck straight-tip catheters to straight-tip catheters with an artificial subcutaneous swan neck. Catheter-related factors and peritonitis risk in CAPD patients. Am J Kidney Dis ; 20 Suppl 2: Lessons from the peritoneal dialysis patient database: Relationship between double-cuff versus single-cuff peritoneal dialysis catheters and risk of peritonitis.
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A prospective randomized study on three different peritoneal dialysis catheters. Perit Dial Int ; 23 Suppl 2: Comparison of peritonitis rates during long-term use of standard spike versus Ultraset in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis CAPD. Prospective controlled trial of a Y-connector and disinfectant to prevent peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
Lancet ; 2: Medline Web of Science Google Scholar. Nephron ; Twin- versus single-bag disconnect systems: J Am Soc Nephrol ; 7: J Am Soc Nephrol ; 5: Comparison of double-bag and Y-set disconnect systems in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Prevention of peritonitis with disconnect systems in CAPD: A randomized prospective study of the cost-effectiveness of the conventional spike, O-set, and UVXD techniques in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
Peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis CAPD: Perit Dial Int ; 9: Controlled trial of a Y-set dialysis delivery system to prevent peritonitis in patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Hosp Infect ; Randomized study of peritonitis with conventional versus O-set techniques in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. In vitro and in vivo efficacy of a new connector device for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
Adv Perit Dial ; 3: Evaluation of a new take-off system Ultraset versus conventional spike system in uremic patients on CAPD: Double bag or Y-set versus standard transfer systems for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in end-stage kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ; 8: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Piraino B , Sheth H. Peritonitis—does peritoneal dialysis modality make a difference?
Blood Purification ; The outcomes of continuous ambulatory and automated peritoneal dialysis are similar. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis versus automated peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ; 2: A comparative analysis on the incidence of peritonitis and exit-site infection in CAPD and automated peritoneal dialysis. Comparative outcomes between continuous ambulatory and automated peritoneal dialysis: Peritonitis rates and common microorganisms in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and automated peritoneal dialysis.
Pediatr Int ; Comparing automated peritoneal dialysis with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: The association between peritoneal dialysis modality and peritonitis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol ; 9: Perit Dial Int Peritoneal dialysis patient training, Prevention of infectious complications in peritoneal dialysis: Kidney Int Suppl New directions in peritoneal dialysis patient training. Nephrol Nurs J ; Pediatric peritoneal dialysis training: Influence of peritoneal dialysis training nurses' experience on peritonitis rates.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol ; 2: Patient re-training in peritoneal dialysis: Kidney Int Suppl ; Ballerini L , Paris V.
Peritonitis Rate
Kid Int ; From compliance and false memory. J Exp Psych ; Patient education in peritoneal dialysis: J Ren Care ; Dong J , Chen Y. Impact of the bag exchange procedure on risk of peritonitis. Focus on peritoneal dialysis training: Pattern of noncompliance with dialysis exchanges in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Bernardini J , Dacko C. A survey of home visits at peritoneal dialysis centers in the United States. Bernardini J , Piraino B. Home visit effectiveness for peritoneal dialysis patients. ANNA J ; Can using a questionnaire for assessment of home visits to peritoneal dialysis patients make a difference to the treatment outcome? Our experience of home visits in city and rural areas. Perit Dial Int ; 27 Suppl 2: Effectiveness of home visits to pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients. Non-compliance to the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis procedure increases the risk of peritonitis.
A controlled trial of two bicarbonate-containing dialysis fluids for CAPD—final report. Long-term clinical effects of a peritoneal dialysis fluid with less glucose degradation products. The effects of biocompatible compared with standard peritoneal dialysis solutions on peritonitis microbiology, treatment, and outcomes: Randomized controlled study of biocompatible peritoneal dialysis solutions: Long-term follow-up of patients randomized to biocompatible or conventional peritoneal dialysis solutions show no difference in peritonitis or technique survival.
Association of biocompatible peritoneal dialysis solutions with peritonitis risk, treatment, and outcomes. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol ; 8: Effects of biocompatible versus standard fluid on peritoneal dialysis outcomes. The impact of neutral-pH peritoneal dialysates with reduced glucose degradation products on clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Antimicrobial agents for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ; 4: Mupirocin prophylaxis to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in patients undergoing dialysis: Clin Infect Dis ; A randomized trial of Staphylococcus aureus prophylaxis in peritoneal dialysis patients: A prospective study of the efficacy of local application of gentamicin versus mupirocin in the prevention of peritoneal dialysis catheter-related infections. Mupirocin for preventing exit-site infection and peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Exit-site care and exit-site infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis CAPD: Effect of local mupirocin application on exit-site infection and peritonitis in an Indian peritoneal dialysis population. The impact of topical mupirocin on peritoneal dialysis infection in Singapore General Hospital. Do topical antibiotics reduce exit site infection rates and peritonitis episodes in peritoneal dialysis patients?
The Pan Thames Renal Audit. J Nephrol ; Prevention of gram-positive infections in peritoneal dialysis patients in Hong Kong: Am J Infect Control ; Mupirocin application at the exit site in peritoneal dialysis patients: Ren Fail ; Nasal mupirocin prevents Staphylococcus aureus exit-site infection during peritoneal dialysis. Mupirocin for preventing peritonitis and exit site infections in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol ; 4: Routine use of mupirocin at the peritoneal catheter exit site and mupirocin resistance: Mupirocin resistance after long-term use for Staphylococcus aureus colonization in patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis.
Emergence of mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients using mupirocin prophylaxis to prevent exit-site infection. Prevention of peritoneal dialysis catheter infections in Saudi peritoneal dialysis patients: Int J Artif Organs ; Staphylococcus aureus prophylaxis and trends in gram-negative infections in peritoneal dialysis patients. Comparison of gentamicin and mupirocin in the prevention of exit-site infection and peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis. The effect on peritoneal dialysis pathogens of changing topical antibiotic prophylaxis.
Atypical mycobacterial exit-site infection and peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients on prophylactic exit-site gentamicin cream. Lancet Infect Dis ; A randomized controlled trial comparing mupirocin and polysporin triple ointments in peritoneal dialysis patients: Exit-site care with ciprofloxacin otologic solution prevents polyurethane catheter infection in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Randomized controlled trial of prophylactic rifampin for peritoneal dialysis-related infections. The treatment of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients. Oral rifampin for prevention of S. Peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients: Perit Dial Int ; 8: Prophylactic cephalexin ineffective in chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
Effect of sodium fusidate and ofloxacin on Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. A qualitative systematic review of the literature supporting a causal relationship between exit-site infection and subsequent peritonitis in patients with end-stage renal disease treated with peritoneal dialysis.
The risk of peritonitis after an exit site infection: Peritonitis influences mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients. Risks and outcomes of peritonitis after flexible colonoscopy in CAPD patients. Streptococcus viridian -associated peritonitis after gastroscopy. CAPD peritonitis after colonoscopy: Neth J Med ; The risks of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in CAPD compared with hemodialysis patients: Perit Dial Int ; 14 Suppl 1: Prophylactic antibiotics for endoscopy-associated peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Singharetnam W , Holley JL. Acute treatment of constipation may lead to transmural migration of bacteria resulting in gram-negative, polymicrobial, or fungal peritonitis. Campylobacter peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Gastrointestinal symptoms predict peritonitis rates in CAPD patients. Recurrent and relapsing peritonitis: Intestinal bacterial overgrowth in CAPD patients with hypokalaemia. Regular lactulose use is associated with lower peritonitis rates: Posthysteroscopy fungal peritonitis in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
An unusual presentation of vaginal leakage in a peritoneal dialysis patient. An unusual case of vaginal leak in a patient on peritoneal dialysis. Neumann JL , Moran J. Peritonitis due to a peritoneal vaginal fistula. Vaginal dialysate leak in a child on peritoneal dialysis. Streptococcal PD peritonitis—a year review of one centre's experience. Factors predisposing and contributing to peritonitis during chronic peritoneal dialysis in children: Impact of nutritional status on peritonitis in CAPD patients.
Albumin at the start of peritoneal dialysis predicts the development of peritonitis.