Managing the Millions: Practical Human Resource Management in China

Academic and practitioner organizations may produce field-specific publications.

There are half a million HR practitioners in the United States and millions more worldwide. Within companies, HR positions generally fall into one of two categories: Generalists support employees directly with their questions, grievances, and work on a range of projects within the organization. They "may handle all aspects of human resources work, and thus require an extensive range of knowledge. The responsibilities of human resources generalists can vary widely, depending on their employer's needs. Some practitioners will spend an entire career as either a generalist or a specialist while others will obtain experiences from each and choose a path later.

The position of HR manager has been chosen as one of the best jobs in the US, with a 4 ranking by CNN Money in and a 20 ranking by the same organization in , due to its pay, personal satisfaction, job security, future growth, and benefit to society. Human resource consulting is a related career path where individuals may work as advisers to companies and complete tasks outsourced from companies.

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Some individuals with PhDs in HR and related fields, such as industrial and organizational psychology and management , are professors who teach HR principles at colleges and universities. Many professors conduct research on topics that fall within the HR domain, such as financial compensation , recruitment , and training. Technology has a significant impact on human resources practices.

Human resources is transitioning to a more technology-based profession [ when? Recruiting has mostly been influenced by information technology. HR professionals were not able to post a job in more than one location and did not have access to millions of people, causing the lead time of new hires to be drawn out and tiresome. With the use of e-recruiting tools, HR professionals can post jobs and track applicants for thousands of jobs in various locations all in one place.

Interview feedback, background and drug tests, and onboarding can all be viewed online. This helps the HR professionals keep track of all of their open jobs and applicants in a way that is faster and easier than before.

E-recruiting also helps eliminate limitations of geographic location. In addition to recruiting portals, HR professionals have a social media presence that allows them to attract employees through the internet. On social media they can build the company's brand by posting news about the company and photos of company events. Human resources professionals generally handle large amounts of paperwork on a daily basis. This paperwork could be anything from a department transfer request to an employee's confidential tax form.

Forms must be on file for a considerable period of time. The use of Human Resources Information Systems HRIS has made it possible for companies to store and retrieve files in an electronic format for people within the organization to access when needed. This eliminates thousands of files and frees up space within the office. Another benefit of HRIS is that it allows for information to be accessed in a timelier manner. Files are accessible within seconds via the HRIS. Technology makes it possible for human resources professionals to train new staff members in a more efficient manner.

This gives employees the ability to access onboarding and training programs from anywhere. This eliminates the need for trainers to meet with new hires face to face when completing necessary paperwork to start. Training in virtual classrooms makes it possible for the HR professionals to train a large number of employees quickly and to assess their progress through computerized testing programs. Employees can take control of their own learning and development by engaging in training at a time and place of their choosing, which can help them manage their work-life balance.

Managers are able to track the training through the internet as well, which can help to reduce redundancy in training as well as training costs. Skype, virtual chat rooms, and interactive training sites are all resources that enable a technological approach to training. Some universities offer programs of study for HR and related fields. Many colleges and universities house departments and institutes related to the field, either within a business school or in another college. Most business schools offer courses in HR, often in their departments of management.

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In general, the Schools of Human Resources Management offer education and research in the HRM field from diplomas to doctorate-level opportunities. Various universities all over the world have taken up the responsibility of training human-resource managers and equipping them with interpersonal and intrapersonal skills so as to relate better at their places of work. There are a number of professional associations, some of which offer training and certification. The Society for Human Resource Management , which is based in the United States , is the largest professional association dedicated to HR, [25] with over , members in countries.

The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development , based in England , is the oldest professional HR association, with its predecessor institution being founded in Several associations also serve niches within HR. The Institute of Recruiters IOR is a recruitment professional association, offering members education, support and training. This division is concerned with finding ways to improve the effectiveness of HR. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. It has been suggested that Strategic human resource planning be merged into this article.

Discuss Proposed since October List of human resource management associations. HRM in changing organizational contexts. A critical approach pp. Reid, Human resource management: Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Armstrong, Michael, Eleventh ed. University of California Press. Retrieved 28 December Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Society for Human Resource Management. Archived from the original on 16 January Retrieved 22 December Problems of International Politics. Not seen as having the right stuff for high-profile posts such as the one held by Trotsky, Stalin thus occupied a series of relatively low-level positions in the Communist leadership after the revolution.

One of these, which he acquired in , was the de facto head of the Communist Party's Organizational Bureau Orgburo , seen then as a technical body in much the same way a human resources department is seen in a modern institution. Using his position to influence who was appointed to lower-level party posts, each relatively unimportant in its own right, Stalin systematically advanced people he believed would support him in the future, thereby constructing a large network of political clients within the party and the state which it dominated. Daniels later called the great 'circular flow of power' that essentially decided Communist Party leadership disputes and solved succession crises from Stalin straight through to Gorbachev.

The power to influence lower-level appointments was concentrated, though still largely seen as a technical matter, with the creation of the post of general secretary in , a post Stalin was in a perfect position to occupy, and he did. Testimony of a Soviet Attorney. The Secretariat personified the Stalinist system. Can you imagine that huge body of bureaucratic anachronism, which was also responsible for the selection and promotion of 'cadres'? The model invented by Stalin to consolidate his power existed up to contemporary time.

Harvard Business Review July—August Retrieved 25 July Gale virtual reference library. Human capital management HCM has been described as 'a paradigm shift' from the traditional approach to human resource management Kearns, b [ Human Resource Executive Online.

Archived from the original on 18 December The next agenda for adding value and delivering results. Harvard Business School Press. DeGraff 21 February Archived from the original on 11 February Water availability per capita in the Hai Basin was only 14 percent of the national average and about 4 percent of the global average. Over-exploitation of groundwater, overuse of surface water resulting in inadequate environmental flows, along with groundwater and surface water pollution, led to the decline and deterioration of water resources and damaged the freshwater and coastal environments of the Hai Basin.

The Basin discharges into the Bohai Sea, which is an important ecosystem and fishery resource. To address these problems in the Hai Basin and the connected Bohai Sea ecosystem, the World Bank helped the Chinese Government develop and implement an integrated approach to water and environmental management. Integrated water and environment management planning was a key management measure promoted by the project.

This integrated planning provided the context for the development of practical approaches to carry out top-down, bottom-up, vertical and horizontal cooperation at the basin, sub-basin and county level to redress land-based activities that degrade marine waters. An innovative approach that was introduced by the project is evapotranspiration ET management, which seeks to achieve real water savings to eliminate groundwater overdraft and provide more surface water for ecological purposes and as outflow to the Bohai Sea.

You have clicked on a link to a page that is not part of the beta version of the new worldbank. Will you take two minutes to complete a brief survey that will help us to improve our website? Thank you for agreeing to provide feedback on the new version of worldbank. Thank you for participating in this survey! Your feedback is very helpful to us as we work to improve the site functionality on worldbank. Working for a World Free of Poverty. Tweet Share Share LinkedIn. The Hai Basin Integrated Water and Environment Management Project, , effectively promoted an integrated approach to water resource management and pollution control in the Hai Basin in northern China.

The project contributed to the restoration and protection of the marine environment, ecosystem and biodiversity of the Bohai Sea. Over 20 million people benefited from reduced water pollution. Solution To address these problems in the Hai Basin and the connected Bohai Sea ecosystem, the World Bank helped the Chinese Government develop and implement an integrated approach to water and environmental management.