Satisfy Me - Royden. Felli Fel Intro 2. The Flyest - Trey Smoov Cuff Your Chick - NatStar Stripper - Jae E Click for Tracks Listings. Viva La Raza 2. Sabor a Mi 5. Se Fue Mi Cha Chita El Ojo Rojo Early In The Morning 4. Open Up Your Mind Wide Jam The Motha Yearning For Your Love. Hardest Man in Town 2. Intro to G-Funk 3. First We Pray 5.
Scared of Love Because I Got a Girl Never Leave Me Alone Where Are You Going? Just Another Day 5. Almost In Love 7.
We need you!
No Matter Where I Go 8. Nobody Does It Better Dogg Pound Gandstaville Old School Oldies Vol. Best of the Gap Band 6. Circus Disco 25th 8. Best of Mary Wells 9. Best of El Chicano Circus Disco Mixed Kid Frost Greatest Joints Old School Rap Vol. Lisa Lisa "Past, Present Tierra Greatest Love Songs Still in Love-Bad Mouth 5. Latin Oldies Volume 1 Our hot Latin inspired series. Make Uo My Mind — Steelo 4. Get Busy — Latin Rose feat. Still In Love — Bad Mouth 6. Feein Good — Samoan Irok 8.
Fly Tonight — Shawn P 9. Low Ridin — Boss Solo Il nome visualizzato deve essere lungo almeno 2 caratteri. Noi di Kobo ci assicuriamo che le recensioni pubblicate non contengano un linguaggio scurrile e sgradevole, spoiler o dati personali dei nostri recensori. Hai inviato la seguente valutazione e recensione. Appena le avremo esaminate le pubblicheremo sul nostro sito.
Altri titoli da considerare. Carrello Sarai trattato da vero VIP! Continua a fare acquisti. Prodotti non disponibili per l'acquisto. Non disponibile per l'acquisto.
- Starfire Vol 1 6!
- WinBidPro Storefront Estimating Quick Start Guide: Software for Bidding Storefront and Curtain Wall Construction Jobs;
- Lunchmeat Underpants!
- Scripted: Theas Tale of Love, War and Wisdom;
- Perdidos en el Camino del Inca (Aventura Joven) (Spanish Edition).
- A High Shrill Thump: War Stories.
- New Thump Series | Mackie;
The majority of authors suggest to deliver PT from 20 to 30 cm height. An area of uncertainty is whether a single PT 3 , 5 , 12—14 , 16 , 17 or repeated serial application of thumps 3 , 19 , 43 is more effective in the termination of tachyarrhythmias, partially because the boundaries between PT and precordial percussion may be somewhat ill-defined.
Old School Rap, Vol. 1 [Thump] by Various Artists (C | eBay
This means that SAC activation tends to depolarize resting myocardium. In terms of extracorporeally-applied energy levels, the threshold for mechanical stimulation of premature ventricular beats has been identified in healthy adult volunteers as only 0. Even these impact energies are about another order of magnitude below those involved in commotio cordis in adults participating in competitive sports.
Since manual PT cannot be synchronized with heart rhythm to be applied in an R-on-R fashion , there is concern about possible rhythm deterioration e. VT converted to VF , induced by a mechanical stimulation during the vulnerable period defined in a porcine model of Commotio cordis as a 10—15 ms interval just prior to the peak of T wave. This would lessen the depolarizing effect of mechanical stimulation and contribute to mechanically induced action potential shortening, not only reducing the cardiovertive effect of PT but potentially turning PT it into a pro-arrhythmogenic intervention.
There are no commercially available PT-training devices, and few attempts have been made to experimentally characterize PT mechanics. This makes it difficult to quantify the apparent association between the strength with which PT is delivered and PT outcome, as well as to compare PT success in different studies. PT delivery is currently recommended by the ILCOR ALS guidelines for application, in a narrow set of conditions, by healthcare professionals trained in the technique.
At the same time, the guidelines fail to provide clear procedural instructions for the application of PT. If PT remains a recommended intervention, then the use of training aids should be explored, regardless of whether they are based on stand-alone thump-o-meter type boxes or integrated part of resuscitation mannequin technology. This may increase the awareness of PT utility, ability to apply therapeutically meaningful interventions, and, potentially, success rates. The main difference between PT and precordial percussion lies in the energy requirement and number of impacts delivered.
Zeh and Rahner 28 found that effective mechanical stimulation of the heart is associated with an increase right ventricular pressure by 15—20 mmHg. In the clinical setting, effectiveness of mechanical stimuli should be gauged by the induction of competent heart beats. This will provide the rescuer with the necessary feedback to establish the optimal impact force and site for each individual patient. A palpable central or peripheral pulse must confirm continued mechanical coupling. Alternatively, the generated pressure wavefront may be recorded by appropriate cardiovascular monitoring i.
Each thump during precordial percussion triggers cardiac contraction and forward blood flow similar to electrical transthoracic, transvenous or atrial pacing, as demonstrated by pulmonary artery catheter or echo-Doppler. Firm conclusions on the utility of PT and precordial percussion are hampered by the low level of evidence in a significant proportion of the available literature i.
Comparison of results across studies is hindered by the absence of procedural instructions and of training aids, both of which would be required to reduce variability in extracorporeal mechanical stimulation techniques. Finally, the search engines used to compile the reference base for this discussion are biased towards English language-based medical journals. The extent to which this may have omitted a potentially substantial body of further evidence is difficult to judge.
It would be interesting to review the experience with extracorporeal mechanical stimulation in other regions of the world, such as Russia, India or China, to name but a few countries where the popularity of PT may differ from the here reviewed reports.
A High Shrill Thump: War Stories
In conclusion, within the above-mentioned limitations imposed by the quantity and quality of published reports, one can conclude that PT is not effective in treating VF, and of limited use for VT. If delivered, PT should be applied as early as possible after CA, as a sharp impact passive fall for precordial percussion to the lower half of the sternum left sternal edge for precordial percussion , from a height of about 20—30 cm using the ulnar edge of the tightly clinched fist, followed by active retraction of the fist after full impact to emphasize the impulse-like nature of the stimulus.
Further studies that quantify impact mechanics, and the provision of training aides for impact application, form targets of interest for further elucidation. This review includes information on resuscitation questions developed through the C Consensus on Science and Treatment Recommendations process, managed by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation http: In general, each question was assigned to two experts to complete a detailed structured review of the literature, and complete a detailed worksheet.
The conclusions published in the final CoSTR consensus document may differ from the conclusions in this review because the CoSTR consensus will reflect input from other worksheet authors and discussants at the conference, and will take into consideration implementation and feasibility issues as well as new relevant research. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford.
It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.
Citadel of Silence
Sign In or Create an Account. Close mobile search navigation Article navigation. Extracorporeal cardiac mechanical stimulation: A correction has been published: Summary of studies on precordial thump for cardioversion of ventricular fibrillation. Values in parenthesis are represented by percentages. Summary of studies on precordial thump for cardioversion of ventricular tachycardia. Summary of studies and case reports on precordial thump for witnessed asystole. Summary of case series on complete atrio-ventricular block treated with percussion pacing.
Get A Copy
Mechanical stimulation of the heart: Percussion pacing—an almost forgotten procedure for haemodynamically unstable bradycardias? A report of three case studies and review of the literature.
European Resuscitation Council guidelines for resuscitation Adult advanced life support. Precordial thump efficacy in termination of induced ventricular arrhythmias. Ineffectiveness of precordial thump for cardioversion of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias.