Sanjay Subrahmanyam born 21 May is an Indian historian who specialises in the early modern period. Historian Srinath Raghavan wrote of Subrahmanyam in , [2]. His scholarship spans the entire early modern period, from the 15th to 18th centuries CE, and more besides. Then there are his technical skills, ranging from statistical analysis of economic data to interpretation of literary and visual materials. Although Subrahmanyam began as an economic historian, he has branched out to work on political, intellectual and cultural history.
He works in over ten European and Asian languages and draws on sources from a dazzling array of archives. Finally, there is his sheer productivity. Subrahmanyam seems to write top-class history faster than most of us can read. Subrahmanyam , [3] and the brother of diplomat S Jaishankar and bureaucrat S.
Subrahmanyam taught economic history and comparative economic development at the Delhi School of Economics till Subrahmanyam moved to Oxford as the first holder of the newly created Chair in Indian History and Culture. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in and as a corresponding fellow to the British Academy in Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania selected Dr. Krishnaswamy Subrahmanyam 19 January — 2 February was a prominent international strategic affairs analyst, journalist and former Indian civil servant.
Considered a proponent of Realpolitik, Subrahmanyam has long been an influential voice in Indian security affairs. He was most often referred to as the doyen of India's strategic affairs community, and more contentiously, as the premier ideological champion of India's nuclear deterrent. He is also noted for having steered several Indian government committees and commissions of inquiry, including the Kargil Review Committee after the Kargil War.
Subrahmanyam was a major advocate of the Indo-US civilian nuclear agreement, adding some heft to the Man Jaishankar also played a key role in negotiating the Indo-US civilian nuclear agreement. Subramaniam, Subramanyam or Subramanian Tamil: Due the South Indian tradition of using patronymic surnames it may also be a surname for males and females.
The etymology of the name is unknown; however, a common translation is "dear to Brahmins", or "of good deeds. Subramaniam is one of the many names of the Hindu god Murugan. Notable people Given name A. Subramaniam died , Indian musician G. Subramania Iyer — , Indian journalist K.
Subrahmanyam — , Indian strategist Ka. Subramanyam — , Indian author K. Subramanyan born , Indian artist Kandala Subrahmanyam bo Samoothiri of Kozhikode anglicised as Zamorin of Calicut; Portuguese: Shamitihsi[2] is the hereditary title of the Hindu monarch of the kingdom of Kozhikode on Malabar Coast, India. The Samoothiris were based at the city of Kozhikode, one of the important trading ports on the south-western coast of India. Nayaka dynasties emerged during the declining period of the Vijayanagara Empire. The Nayaks were originally military governors under the supervision of the Vijayanagara Empire.
They were the most powerful clan. After the battle of Talikota, several of them declared independence. The Nayaka kingdoms included the following: Tamil Nadu district gazetteers, page Vasco da Gama, 1st Count of Vidigueira Portuguese pronunciation: His initial voyage to India — was the first to link Europe and Asia by an ocean route, connecting the Atlantic and the Indian oceans and therefore, the West and the Orient. Da Gama's discovery of the sea route to India was significant and opened the way for an age of global imperialism and for the Portuguese to establish a long-lasting colonial empire in Asia.
Traveling the ocean route allowed the Portuguese to avoid sailing across the highly disputed Mediterranean and traversing the dangerous Arabian Peninsula. The sum of the distances covered in the outward and return voyages made this expedition the longest ocean voyage ever made until then, far longer than a full voyage around the world by way of the Equator. In Karnataka, they are known as Banajigas. Origins Variations of the name in use in the medieval era were Balanja, Bananja, Bananju, and Banijiga, with probable cognates Balijiga, Valanjiyar, Balanji, Bananji and derivatives such as Baliga, all of which are said to be derived from the Sanskrit term Vanik or Vanij, for trader.
From the 13th century, inscriptions referring to "Vira Balanjyas" warrior merchants started appearing in the Andhra country. The Vira Balanjyas, whose origins are often claimed to lie in the Ayyavolu, represented long-distance trading networks that employed fighters to protect their warehouses and goods in transit. The terms balanjya-setti and balija were also used for these tr It is located in Paris, in the 5th arrondissement, or Latin Quarter, across the street from the historical campus of La Sorbonne. It does not grant degrees.
Each professor is required to give lectures where attendance is free and open to anyone. Professors, about 50 in number, are chosen by the professors themselves, from a variety of disciplines, in both science and the humanities. A AD map of India, showing the region ruled by the Polygars in the south Polygar also spelled as Palegara, Palaiyakkarar, Poligar, Palegaadu, Palegar, or Polegar was the feudal title for a class of territorial administrative and military governors appointed by the Nayaka rulers of South India notably Vijayanagara Empire, Madurai Nayakas and the Kakatiya dynasty during 16th — 18th centuries.
The Polygars of Madurai Country were instrumental in establishing administrative reforms by building irrigation projects, forts and religious institutions. The Polygars whom worshipped the goddess Kali did not allow their territory to be annexed by Aurangzeb. Their wars with the British East India Company after the demise of the Madurai Nayakas is often regarded as one of the earliest struggles for Indian independence.
The British hanged many and banished others to the Andaman Islands. Muzaffar Alam born 3 February is the George V. Work Professor Alam has taught courses on the history of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire, and he has also worked closely with students on advanced Urdu and Persian literary and historical texts.
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His working languages include English, Persian, French, and Urdu. Selected publications Writing the Mughal World: In , Gingee came under the control of Bijapur Sultanate from Vijayanagar. In , it was under the control of Maratha king Shivaji. In , it came under the Mughals, when it became the headquarters of Arcot.
It changed hands to the French in , and then to the British in During this time, many sculptural aspects of Gingee were shifted to Pondicherry by the French. To visit Gingee fort, guides are available from archaeological office which is on the way to the fort. The office is open fo Singhasan Battisi is a collection of Indian folk tales.
The title literally means "thirty-two tales of the throne". In the frame story, the 11th century king Bhoja discovers the throne of the legendary ancient king Vikramaditya also known as Bikramjit. The throne has 32 statues, who are actually apsaras that had been turned into stone due to a curse. Each of the apsaras tells Bhoja a story about the life and adventures of Vikramaditya, in order to convince him that he is not deserving of Vikramaditya's throne. Plot A group of village kids Self-portrait photograph Merry E.
Kedar and Volume 6: Bentley and Sanjay Subrahmanyam. The Cambridge World History. The Cambridge World History is a seven volume history of the world in nine books published by Cambridge University Press in The editor in chief is Merry E. The history takes a comparativist approach. Approach Speaking in , the editor of volume three, Norman Yoffee, described the history as being "conceived by a group of world historians, that is people who insist that large indeed global relations are essential in understanding local histories, and they are dedicated comparativists.
The separate volumes take a thematic and chronologically overlapping approach. The first volume discusses the period before the invention of writing including the Paleolithic era to 10, BCE. The second discusses the development of agriculture and the period 12, B History Basrur, once called Vasupura, is a historic port town on the banks of the Varahi River on the Kanara coast in Karnataka, India.
For much of the sixteenth century and the first half of the seventeenth century, it was the rice port par excellence on that coast. The town had several streets, each specifically housing communities like traders, artisans, dancers, weavers etc. It was also famous for communities who were experts in singing and dancing, which art is forgotten and no longer exists. The town has become a small obscure village and the trade no longer exists.
Dharma Kumar — 19 October was an Indian economic historian, noted for her work on the agrarian history of India. She is noted for the position that many of the social structures of agrarian India, particularly the large class of landless labourers pre-dated the British era. Venkataraman was one of India's leading chemists, and was the director of the National Chemical Laboratory. After a childhood in Lahore where her father was professor, Dharma Kumar did her bachelor's in Economics from Elphinstone College, Mumbai.
It is published by Sage Publications. The founding editor-in-chief was Tapan Raychaudhuri, who was succeeded by Dharma Kumar. The current editors-in-chief are Sunil Kumar and Sanjay Subrahmanyam. He was also the Dalavoy or the Commander-in-Chief of the emperor. Rajah Sir Annamalai Chettiar History of Gingee and its Rulers. Perspectives on the City. C S Srinivasachari History of the City of Madras.
Varahishwara Temple - a history of Darmarla. Ramaswami Aiyar Foundation, Chennai. They were subordinates of the imperial Vijayanagara emperors, and were appointed as provincial governors by the Vijayanagar Emperor who divided the Tamil country into three Nayakships viz. Later, after the fall of the Vijayanagara's Tuluva dynasty, the Gingee rulers declared independence. While they ruled independently, they were sometimes at war with the Tanjore neighbors and the Vijayanagara overlords later based in Vellore and Chandragiri.
Sanjay Subrahmanyam and Brennig provide the following details on Achyutappa Nayak: Achyutappa, it is generally believed, belonged to the Balija Chetti mercantile community, originally of Telugu extraction, but settled in the Tamil region as a part of It was ruled by a branch of the Ikkeri Nayaka. From to , the kingdom was occupied by neighbouring Mysore but the Rajah of Coorg was restored by the British and became a protectorate of British India on 26 October The rebellion was brutally quelled by the British who annexed the kingdom and made it a province of British India.
Having moved south to the town of Haleri in northern Coorg in the Vijayanagara is in the eastern part of central Karnataka, close to the Andhra Pradesh border. Who were working as soldiers in Kampli Kingdome under Kampalidevaraya[2][5][6] The city grew rapidly. The Vijayanagara centered empire funct The Mughal Empire Persian: Mughliyah Saltanat [9][2] or Mogul Empire[10] was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in It was established and ruled by the Timurid dynasty, with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia, claiming direct descent from both Genghis Khan through his son Chagatai Khan and Timur,[11][12][13] and with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances;[14][15] the first two Mughal emperors had both parents from Central Asian ancestry.
During the reign of Humayun, the successor of Babur, the empire was briefly interrupted by the He was for a while the ambassador of Shah Rukh, the Timurid dynasty ruler of Persia. In his role as ambassador he visited Calicut in western India in the early s. He wrote a narrative of what he saw in Calicut which is valuable as information on Calicut's society and culture. He is also the producer of a lengthy narrative or chronicle of the history of the Timurid dynasty and its predecessors in Central Asia, but this is not so valuable because it is mostly a compilation of material from earlier written sources that are mostly available from elsewhere in the earlier form.
He studied with his father and his elder brother Sharif-ud-Din Abdur Qahhar and together with them obtained an ijazah The Kingdom of Mysore was a kingdom in southern India, traditionally believed to have been founded in in the vicinity of the modern city of Mysore. The kingdom, which was ruled by the Wodeyar family, initially served as a vassal state of the Vijayanagara Empire. With the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire c. The 17th century saw a steady expansion of its territory and during the rule of Narasaraja Wodeyar I and Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar, the kingdom annexed large expanses of what is now southern Karnataka and parts of Tamil Nadu to become a powerful state in the southern Deccan.
The kingdom reached the height of its economic and military power and dominion in the latter half of the 18th century under the de facto ruler Haider Ali and his son Tipu Sultan. During this time, it came into conflict with the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad, the Kingdom of Travancore and the British, which culminated in the four Anglo-Mysore Wars.
Success in the first Anglo-Mysore war and Often characterized as an ideal king, he is known for his generosity, courage, and patronage of scholars. Vikramaditya is featured in hundreds of traditional Indian legends, including those in Baital Pachisi and Singhasan Battisi.
Sanjay Subrahmanyam | Revolvy
Many describe him as a universal ruler, with his capital at Ujjain Pataliputra or Pratishthana in a few stories. According to popular tradition, Vikramaditya began the Vikrama Samvat era in 57 BCE after defeating the Shakas, and those who believe that he is based on a historical figure place him around the first century BCE.
However, this era is identified as "Vikrama Samvat" after the ninth century CE. Other scholars believe that Vikramaditya is a mythical character, since several legends about him are fantastic in nature.
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Diogo Lopes de Sequeira — was a Portuguese fidalgo, sent to analyze the trade potential in Madagascar and Malacca, he arrived at Malacca on 11 September He left the next year when he discovered that Sultan Mahmud Shah, the local leader, was devising his assassination. This gave Afonso de Albuquerque the opportunity to embark upon his expeditions of conquests. Sequeira was subsequently made governor of Portuguese India — , and in led a military campaign into the Red Sea which hastened the first legitimate Portuguese embassy to Ethiopia.
Historical Atlas of the Early Modern World Judith Jarvis Thomson born October 4, is an American moral philosopher. His relationship with his wife, which began at socialist summer camp, was a source of tension for both their families.
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His second wife had two children. She was a successful interior designer and an arts and antique dealer and importer. It was first published in and won the 40th Man Booker Prize in the same year. In detailing Balram's journey first to Delhi, where he works as a chauffeur to a rich landlord, and then to Bangalore, the place to which he flees after killing his master and stealing his money, the novel examines issues of religion, caste, loyalty, corruption and poverty in India. In a nation proudly shedding a history of poverty and underdevelopment, he represents, as he himself says, "tomorrow.
Indian Americans refer to the people who are descendants of Indians settled in America and the legal immigrants who have moved to the United States of America. This article is a list of notable Indian Americans[1]. Note that unlike many countries, India does not allow dual citizenship. Dipesh Chakrabarty in , in Herrenhausen at the conference Already Beyond? Dipesh Chakrabarty born , Kolkata is a historian, who has also made contributions to postcolonial theory and subaltern studies.
He is the Lawrence A. Toynbee, that recognizes social scientists for significant academic and public contributions to humanity. Originating in the Val di Pesa in the Chianti, they appear holding important posts in Florence in the twelfth century. In the struggles of Guelfs and Ghibellines the family was split between the Guelf factions of Bianchi and Neri, of whom only the Bianchi remained in Florence. Early history From an early economic base in the Italian community of cloth merchants in Bruges, the Frescobaldi expanded their banking interests to their home city of Florence in the 13th century.
The Kingdom was established by Arab princes in the 10th century who in came under the suzerainty of Persia,[1] before becoming a client state of the Portuguese Empire. The kingdom received its name from the fortified port city which served as its capital. It was one of the most important ports in the Middle East at the time as it controlled seaway trading routes through the Persian Gulf to India and East Africa. This port was located on Hormuz Island, which is located near the modern city of Bandar-e Abbas.
The Strait of Hormuz is a narrow, strategically important waterway between the Gulf of Oman in the southeast and the Persian Gulf in the southwest. Retrieved November 24, It was the second capital city during the Cambodian Dark Ages which began after the sacking of Angkor by the Siamese in Little more than a village today in Kampong Chhnang Province, it lies just north of Oudong.
Longvek was chosen by King Ang Chan I Ponhea Chan after the sacking of Angkor by the Siamese as a new capital because of its more readily defensible terrain. As a result, there was a time when Cambodia was often referred to as Longvek by foreign travellers. This new city was the capital of the Kingdom of Cambodia from to This city was sacked by the Siamese Thai in and then the Thai king chose his son to reign over Cambodia in Longvek was one of the greatest cities in Cambodia.
History During the 14th and 15th centuri Islam arrived in Kerala, the Malayalam language speaking region in the south-western tip of India, through Middle Eastern merchants. Mappilas are but one among the many communities that forms the Muslim population of Kerala.