Ehret moved to England in and enjoyed the patronage of the royal physician Richard Mead — , who commissioned him to make drawings for Transactions of the Royal Society. Through his association with Hans Sloane — , founder of the British Museum, Ehret continued to receive commissions to illustrate botanical treatises and scientific journals. He made over paintings for the private collection of the Duchess of Portland, Margaret Cavendish Bentinck — , and was also much in demand as a teacher of flower painting. Ehret illustrated several travel books and florilegia and was quite prolific, often working on vellum.
In he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society. He died in London in at the age of To locate these images in the database, search on the artist's last name. It lies about m west of the Pagoda and is surrounded by a reconstruction of a traditional Japanese garden.
Following the Japan festival, [46] Kew acquired a Japanese wooden house called a minka. It was originally erected in around in a suburb of Okazaki and is now located within the bamboo collection in the west central part of Kew Gardens. Japanese craftsmen reassembled the framework and British builders who had worked on the Globe Theatre added the mud wall panels.
Work on the house started on 7 May and, when the framework was completed on 21 May , a Japanese ceremony was held to mark what was considered an auspicious occasion. Work on the building of the house was completed in November but the internal artefacts were not all in place until It has been restored by Historic Royal Palaces and is separately administered by them.
A double porticoed Doric temple in stone with a series of cast-iron panels set in the inside walls commemorating British military victories from Minden to Waterloo Named after King William IV — It is Grade II listed. A domed rotunda with eight Tuscan columns. The original temple was built in by Sir William Chambers. The present temple is an replacement by Decimus Burton.
A small Greek temple portico with two Ionic columns and two outer Ionic pillars; it is pedimented with a cornice and key pattern frieze. It was built in by Sir William Chambers. A whitewashed stucco temple. The facade has a portico of two pairs of Doric columns with a metope frieze pediment and an oval dome behind.
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Inside is a room with an oval domed centre. On the walls garlands and medallions with the names and numbers of British and Hanovarian units connected with the Seven Years' War. A brick arch with rustication in stucco. Triple arched opening with oculi above lower side arches, it has stone band course and a fragmented blocked cornice and brick coffering and a corniced doorway.
It was built in —60 by Sir William Chambers. The Ice House is believed to be early century, it has a brick dome with access arch and barrel vaulted passage-way, covered by a mound of earth. Kew Palace is the smallest of the British royal palaces. It was built by Samuel Fortrey , a Dutch merchant in around The construction method is known as Flemish bond and involves laying the bricks with long and short sides alternating.
This and the gabled front give the construction a Dutch appearance. To the rear of the building is the "Queen's Garden" which includes a collection of plants believed to have medicinal qualities. Only plants that were extant in England by the 17th century are grown in the garden. The building underwent significant restoration, with leading conservation architects Donald Insall Associates , before being reopened to the public in In front of the palace is a sundial , which was given to Kew Gardens in to commemorate a royal visit. It was sculpted by Martin Holden and is a replica of one by Thomas Tompion , a celebrated 17th-century clockmaker, which had been sited near the surviving palace building since to mark the site of James Bradley 's observations leading to his discovery of the aberration of light.
Admission to the galleries and museum is free after paying admission to the gardens. The International Garden Photographer of the Year Exhibition is an annual event with an indoor display of entries during the summer months. The Shirley Sherwood Gallery of Botanic Art opened in April , and holds paintings from Kew's and Dr Shirley Sherwood's collections, many of which had never been displayed to the public before.
It features paintings by artists such as Georg D. The paintings and drawings are cycled on a six-monthly basis. The gallery is linked to the Marianne North Gallery see below. Housing Kew's economic botany collections including tools, ornaments, clothing, food and medicines, its aim was to illustrate human dependence on plants. The building was refurbished in The Marianne North Gallery was built in the s to house the paintings of Marianne North , an MP's daughter who travelled alone to North and South America, South Africa and many parts of Asia, at a time when women rarely did so, to paint plants.
The gallery has of her paintings. The paintings were left to Kew by the artist and a condition of the bequest is that the layout of the paintings in the gallery may not be altered. The gallery had suffered considerable structural degradation since its creation and during a period from to major restoration and refurbishment took place, with works led by with leading conservation architects Donald Insall Associates.
The gallery reopened in October The gallery originally opened in and is still the only permanent exhibition in Great Britain dedicated to the work of one woman.
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Cambridge Cottage is a former residence of the Duke of Cambridge — The plant collections include the Aquatic Garden, which is near the Jodrell laboratory. The Aquatic Garden, which celebrated its centenary in , provides conditions for aquatic and marginal plants. The large central pool holds a selection of summer-flowering water lilies and the corner pools contain plants such as reed mace, bulrushes, phragmites and smaller floating aquatic species. The Bonsai Collection is housed in a dedicated greenhouse near the Jodrell laboratory.
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The Grass Garden was created on its current site in the early s to display ornamental and economic grasses; it was redesigned and replanted between and It is currently undergoing a further redesign and planting. Over species of grasses are displayed. The Herbaceous Grounds Order Beds were devised in the late s by Sir Joseph Hooker, then director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, so that botany students could learn to recognise plants and experience at first hand the diversity of the plant kingdom. The collection is organised into family groups.
Its name arose because plant families were known as natural orders in the 19th century. Over the main path is a rose pergola built in to mark the bicentennial of the Gardens. It supports climber and rambling roses selected for the length and profusion of flowering. To maintain an interesting display the plants are changed regularly so that those on view are generally flowering.
The Rock Garden, originally built of limestone in , is now constructed of Sussex sandstone from West Hoathly , Sussex. The rock garden is divided into six geographic regions: There are currently 2, different "accessions" growing in the garden. The Rose Garden, based upon original designs by William Nesfield, is behind the Palm House, and was replanted between and using the original design from It is intended as an ornamental display rather than a collection of a particularly large number of varieties. Other collections and specialist areas include the rhododendron dell, the azalea garden, the bamboo garden, the juniper collection, the berberis dell, the lilac garden, the magnolia collection, and the fern collection.
The world's smallest water-lily, Nymphaea thermarum , was saved from extinction when it was grown from seed at Kew, in The Arboretum, which covers over half of the total area of the site, contains over 14, trees of many thousands of varieties. Within the arboretum , five trees survive from the establishment of the botanical gardens in Together they are known as the 'Five Lions' [63] and consist of: The Kew Herbarium is one of the largest in the world with approximately 7 million specimens used primarily for taxonomic study. The herbarium is rich in types for all regions of the world, especially the tropics, and is currently growing with 30, new specimen additions annually through international collaborations.
The Kew Herbarium is of global importance, attracting researchers from and supporting and engaging in the science of botany all over the world, especially the field of biodiversity. A large part of the herbarium has been digitised , referred to as the Kew Herbarium Catalogue, and is available to the general public on-line. Kew Gardens also holds other hebaria and collections of scientific importance such as a Fungarium a herbarium for fungi , a plant DNA bank and a seed bank. The library and archives at Kew are one of the world's largest botanical collections, with over half a million items, including books, botanical illustrations, photographs, letters and manuscripts, periodicals, and maps.
Kew provides advice and guidance to police forces around the world where plant material may provide important clues or evidence in cases. In one famous case the forensic science department at Kew were able to ascertain that the contents of the stomach of a headless corpse found in the river Thames contained a highly toxic African bean.
American Turk's-cap Lily
The Sustainable Uses of Plants group formerly the Centre for Economic Botany , focus on the uses of plants in the United Kingdom and the world's arid and semi-arid zones. The Centre is now located in the Jodrell Laboratory. The original Jodrell laboratory, named after Mr T. Phillips Jodrell who funded it, was established in and consisted of four research rooms and an office. Originally research was conducted into plant physiology but this was gradually superseded by botanical research. In an artists' studio and photographic darkroom were added, highlighting the importance of botanical illustration.
In , following increasing overcrowding, a new building was constructed and research expanded into seed collection for plant conservation. The biochemistry section also expanded to facilitate research into secondary compounds that could be derived from plants for medicinal purposes. In the centre was expanded again, tripling in size, and a decade later it was further expanded by the addition of the Wolfson Wing.
The gardens have their own police force, Kew Constabulary , which has been in operation since The Kew Constables are attested under section 3 of the Parks Regulation Act , which gives them the same powers as the Metropolitan Police within the land belonging to the gardens. It was designed by Sir Robert Lorimer in A number of films, documentaries and other media have been made about Kew Gardens. In Virginia Woolf published her short story " Kew Gardens ", which gives brief descriptions of four groups of people as they pass by a flowerbed.
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