The CDC has even declared insufficient sleep a national health epidemic. These people suffer from a sleep disorder, which can range from something as common as insomnia to the more rare, like REM sleep behavior disorder. Below is a look at the eight most common disorders that plague adults. High levels of stress; certain medications; anxiety or depression. Drugs or alcohol abuse.
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Difficulty falling asleep and then maintaining that sleep. While everyone has a bad night of sleep every so often, insomnia is a chronic issue, not acute. David Neubauer, an associate professor in the department of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins Medical Center, a person needs to suffer from insomnia symptoms for at least three months straight to be diagnosed with the disorder.
About one-third of all Americans suffer from insomnia. A complete or partial blockage of the throat. Daytime sleepiness, morning headaches, and—as any person who has attempted to sleep beside someone with apnea can attest—excessively loud snoring. Apnea may cause you to stop breathing multiple times per night.
Bob Russo, an IT software project manager, was diagnosed with apnea 10 years ago. But those are signs. About one in five adults suffer from at least a mild form of apnea. Medications have also been known to cause RLS. Worrying about the insomnia can make it even worse for some people. A brief period of insomnia can build into something longer lasting when a person becomes anxious about not sleeping or worried about feeling tired the next day.
Doctors call this psychophysiologic insomnia. People with periodic limb movement disorder PLMD or restless legs syndrome RLS find their sleep is disrupted by leg or, less commonly, arm movements, leaving them tired or irritable from lack of sleep. In the case of PLMD, these movements are involuntary twitches or jerks: They're called involuntary because the person isn't consciously controlling them and is often unaware of the movement.
People with RLS actually feel physical sensations in their limbs, such as tingling, itching, cramping, or burning. The only way they can relieve these feelings is by moving their legs or arms to get rid of the discomfort. For some people, treating an iron deficiency can make them go away; others might need to take other types of medication. A person with obstructive sleep apnea temporarily stops breathing during sleep because the airway becomes narrowed or blocked. One common cause of obstructive sleep apnea is enlarged tonsils or adenoids tissues located in the passage that connects the nose and throat.
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Being overweight or obese also can put someone at risk for it. People with this sleep disorder may snore, have difficulty breathing, and even sweat heavily during sleep. In gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD , stomach acid moves backward up into the esophagus, producing the uncomfortable, burning sensation known as heartburn. GERD symptoms can be worse when someone is lying down.
Most teens have nightmares once in a while. But frequent nightmares can disrupt sleep patterns by waking someone during the night. The most common triggers for more frequent nightmares are emotional, such as stress or anxiety.
8 Common (And Terrible) Sleep Disorders
Sleep deprivation getting too little sleep also can lead to nightmares. If nightmares are hurting your sleep, it's a good idea to talk to a parent, doctor, or counselor. People with narcolepsy are often very sleepy during the day and have sleep "attacks" that may make them suddenly fall asleep, lose muscle control, or see vivid dreamlike images while dozing off or waking up. Someone's nighttime sleep may be disrupted, with frequent awakenings throughout the night.
Narcolepsy can be disturbing because people fall asleep without warning, making it hazardous to do things like drive. A person's school, work, or social life can be affected by the unusual sleep patterns. Narcolepsy isn't common diagnosed in teens, but many cases go unrecognized. People usually first begin to have symptoms between the ages of 10 and 25, but may not be properly diagnosed until 10—15 years later. I'm still learning with this one! Make sure the temperature of your bedroom is just right, not too hot or too cold. Adjust duvets or sheets as necessary.
Common Sleep Problems
Make sure any red lights from TVs or phones are covered up. Better still, switch them off altogether!
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Cut down on caffeine, or cut it out completely. Have it before noon if you can't resist.
From insomnia to sleep terrors, here are the most common impediments to nightly rest.
Chamomile tea is a great alternative. Most importantly, do not think about having insomnia. Don't let your brain stay awake because you've subconsciously told it you're expecting it to!
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