Thankfully, this is a situation that is beginning to change.
Gender And Power In Sierra Leone Women Chiefs Of The Last Two Centuries
African women have made remarkable progress in emancipation and empowerment, not least in the last few years where we have seen a few women take on the mantle of leadership in the political arena at the highest level. Women occupy the presidency in Malawi and Liberia. In many countries, women are now the leaders of key ministries. Yet, many challenges remain, not least, the use of rape as a weapon of war, which has been a particularly damaging development in many recent conflicts on the continent.
The debate on using quotas to achieve gender parity in politics remains a lively one, in Africa, the UK and elsewhere, yet there is no gainsaying the results. Mozambique, one of the countries where quota systems have been implemented is ranked 5 th in the world for female representation in Parliament. Speaking at our event, she said: Women do not rape themselves; women do not discriminate against themselves, except in a few instances.
The cultural shift that has to happen is between men of different generations. If we want to deal with female representation, if we want to deal with gender parity, my argument is that we go to that year age group, engage with them, embed principles of gender equality there… get to those young men before they become warped by all sorts of cultural factors.
Sierra Leone
But women also absorb the prevailing cultural norms — changing their attitudes and building their confidence, as Olubunmi Ajayi, CEO of the African Centre for Local Government says, is crucial to achievement female empowerment. As a study published last year by the Mvule Trust makes clear, education remains one of the most effective ways of achieving this, in Africa and elsewhere. Unfortunately too many women all over the continent are prevented from accessing education, and when they do, entering the public arena remains fraught with difficulties.
Nevertheless, women are increasingly making their presence felt in the political and economic arenas.
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And in South Africa, Ramphele Mamphele, a veteran activist, and first female vice-chancellor of the University of Cape Town, has launched a political party aiming to challenge the dominance of the ANC. The demographic changes happening on the continent, as Hadeel Ibrahim points out, will certainly provide an opportunity for more women to take up positions of leadership, positions in which they will increasingly be asked to serve as role models for girls in their own countries and globally.
Stanford Libraries
Power, Participation and Progress in the 21st Century? While there is a lot of justifiable emphasis on the need for attitudinal change among the men folk and the society in general regarding the roles of women and our political and economic empowerment, I think one issue that remains relatively un-addressed or has eluded the radar of debates is that women in many African societies are not well-organised. Women groups and organisations are relatively uncoordinated, fragmented and do not receive as much wider support from other women within the society.
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Africa and International Relations in the 21st Century. Gender and Power in Sierra Leone: Women Chiefs of the Last Two Centuries. Africa in the World. University of Chicago Press.
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Africa Today
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