Secondary haematospermia is when there is a suspected or known cause for the bleeding, such as after a prostate biopsy or a urinary or prostate infection or, in rare cases, if cancer is present. Blood in semen can also happen in men over 50 years of age with benign prostate enlargement BPH with calcifications deposits of calcium that can be seen on ultrasound. In very rare cases, secondary haematospermia can be caused by tuberculosis, parasitic infections, or any diseases that affect blood clotting such as haemophilia and chronic liver disease, and some medications that thin the blood.
An ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate can cause blood in semen in about one third of men. It is very rare for cancer of the testes to be linked with blood in semen.
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Prostate cancer can cause blood in semen; however, most men with prostate cancer do not have this symptom unless they have had a prostate biopsy that has caused the blood. If you have blood in your semen, make an appointment to see your local doctor and think about the following questions:.
To confirm that there is blood in the semen, a doctor will first do a physical check-up, including a genital and prostate back passage examination. The doctor will also examine a urine sample to make sure no blood is present, either seen with the eye or under the microscope, and will check for signs of a urinary tract infection.
If blood is found in the urine seen by the eye or through a microscope , or if blood in semen is linked with symptoms of a urinary tract infection, you should see a urologist a surgeon who specialises in diseases of the urinary tract in men and women, and the genital organs of men for further tests. These further tests include an MRI scan or ultrasound of the urinary tract, as well as a cystoscopy using a cystoscope, a long, very thin tube with a camera and light at the end examination of the bladder and prostate.
If these tests are abnormal then an ultrasound and prostate biopsy may be necessary to exclude prostate cancer. Primary haematospermia does not usually need treatment when blood in the semen is the only symptom, and physical examination and urine analysis are normal. Blood in semen can continue on and off, but it generally clears up without treatment and does not increase the risk of other diseases; you will not be putting your sexual partner at risk. Treatment for secondary haematospermia will vary, depending on the other symptoms and the underlying cause. Some examples of treatment for specific causes include:.
If you are over the age of 40 and continue to have blood in your semen, especially if there are also other symptoms, please see a urologist. Blood in semen haematospermia is not normal but is quite common and can appear as either a brownish or red colour in the semen.
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For most men it is painless and is noticed after ejaculation. Men are often worried when they find blood in their semen but it is not usually a sign of a serious problem. The immune system is the body's protection against invaders.
To get a blood transfusion safely, a person's immune system must recognize the donor cells as a match to his or her own cells. If a match isn't recognized, the cells are rejected. The immune system makes proteins called antibodies that act as protectors if foreign cells enter the body. Depending on which blood type you have, your immune system will make antibodies to react against other blood types.
If a patient gets the wrong blood type, the antibodies immediately set out to destroy the invading cells. This aggressive, whole-body response can give someone a fever, chills, and low blood pressure.
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It can even cause vital body systems — like breathing or the kidneys — to fail. In the same way, if you have the B marker, your body makes A antibodies. Blood transfusions are one of the most frequent lifesaving procedures hospitals do.
Tests that may be needed
Every 2 seconds someone needs a blood transfusion. So there's always a need for blood donors. One blood donation can save up to three lives. If you'd like to help, contact your community blood center.