EL VALOR DE LA VIDA (Spanish Edition)

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Demographic data were recorded. Exercise tolerance was evaluated using the 6MWT, and minimum saturation and meters walked were recorded. These tests were performed according to the recommendations of the relevant scientific societies. Physical activity levels were recorded over 6 days 4 week days and 2 weekend days using the SenseWear Armband BodyMedia Inc. All patients gave informed consent in writing.. The repeatability of the questionnaire was evaluated using the test—retest technique with an interval of 1 week between measurements.

Before the second measurement, patients were asked if they had experienced any worsening or appearance of any new symptom in the previous week. Patients who answered in the affirmative were excluded.. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was evaluated to determine the correlation between the different items in the SGRQ-I.

The construct validity of the questionnaire was evaluated on the basis of its correlation with the following variables: These variables were selected because they reflect disease severity. The correlation with the mMRC dyspnea scale was measured because dyspnea is the principal and most limiting symptom of IPF. The correlation of the questionnaire with the number of steps taken by the patient over 24 h was also studied, on the understanding that mobility limitation is associated with a worse quality of life.

Continuous variables were described as mean and standard deviation, or median and interquartile range, depending on their distribution. Categorical variables were described according to their frequency. The intraclass correlation coefficient ICC and the Bland—Altman plot were used to study repeatability. Repeatability was considered acceptable when the ICC was greater than or equal to 0.

Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to study internal consistency. Internal consistency was considered acceptable when the coefficient was greater than or equal to 0. The Pearson's or Spearman's test was used to analyze correlations, depending on whether the distribution was normal or non-normal, respectively.

Correlation was considered weak when the r value was less than 0. A total of 27 patients were recruited consecutively for the purpose of administering the questionnaire. Two patients who did not return 1 week later to complete the questionnaire again were excluded, and 2 patients were excluded after they reported a change in symptoms during the intervening period. The characteristics of the 23 study patients are shown in Table 1.

When repeatability was examined, we found good test—retest concordance, with an ICC of 0.

The Bland—Altman plot also revealed good concordance between the 2 measurements Fig. The mean difference between the test—retest values was 0. We can therefore confirm that this value does not differ significantly from zero, i. In the internal consistency study, we found a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0. The correlation between the different items of the questionnaire and all the variables used to examine construct validity are shown in Table We showed that the questionnaire has good reproducibility, with a good ICC in the test—retest procedure, and good internal consistency, evaluated with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient.

Moreover, we studied the construct validity of the tool by examining its correlation with variables that reflect the severity of the disease, limitations in activities of daily living, and the dominant symptom dyspnea. Values above the previously established cutoff for acceptability were obtained in all cases.. Our study has some limitations. Firstly, we believe it would have been preferable to determine the correlation with another tool specifically validated for measuring quality of life in IPF.

However, this was impossible, since no other such tool was available in the Spanish language. Although Yorke et al. Secondly, we believe it would have been useful to study the variability of the questionnaire over time, or after some type of intervention e. Thirdly, our study is limited by its sample size. Nevertheless, the prevalence of IPF must be taken into consideration: They found an excellent internal consistency in the activities and impact domains and in the total score. However, internal consistency in the symptoms domain was moderate, with values below 0.

This is probably because this area of the questionnaire addresses a series of respiratory symptoms cough, sputum, shortness of breath, wheezing, and respiratory failure that are the dominant symptoms of other diseases, such as COPD or asthma, but which are not common in patients with IPF.

We included variables that refer to disease severity in the theoretical construct developed for evaluating the validity of the questionnaire, on the understanding that patients with more severe disease should have the poorest quality of life. We believe that the inclusion of a step counter in the theoretical construct used for the validation of the tool is a novel and relevant addition that adds strength to our study.

Limitations in physical activity has a clear impact on a patient's quality of life, and counting steps appears to reliably measure this aspect of IPF. Interestingly, however, we obtained a better correlation than the original authors in many questionnaire items, thus demonstrating the validity of this version of the tool in assessing quality of life.

No mill, no meal. No offense taken when none is meant. Palabras no sacan sangre. No one will notice in the dark. De noche, todos los gatos son pardos. Nothing goes on for ever.

Nothing has really changed. Nothing succeeds like success. El exito llama al exito. Of all pains, the greatest pain, is to love, but love in vain. Amar es tiempo perdido, si no se es correspondido. Amar y no ser amado es tiempo mal empleado. Amar, horas perdidas, sino son correspondidas. Amor no correspondido, tiempo perdido. Old friends and old wine and old gold are best. Amigo y vino, el mas antiguo. Quien roba una vez roba diez. One can never know too much. El saber no ocupa lugar. One enemy is too many; and a hundred friends too few.

Para amigos, todos; para enemigos, uno solo. One good forewit is worth two afterwits. Hombre precavido, vale por dos. Mas vale antes que despues. Nunca llueve a gusto de todos. Out of debt, out of danger. Paga lo que debes, sanaras del mal que tienes. Patience, time, and money accommodate all things.

Con el tiempo y la paciencia se adquiere la ciencia. Abundancia y soberbia andan en pareja. La posesion es lo que cuenta. Donde no hay harina, todo es mohina. Problems don't seem so bad if you keep cheerful. Quien canta sus males espanta. Servants make the worst masters. Set a thief to catch a thief. Nada mejor que un ladron para atrapar a otro ladron. Six of one and half a dozen of the other. Small choice in rotten apples. Entre ruin ganado poco hay que escoger.

Sometimes the remedy is worse than the disease. El remedio puede ser peor que la enfermedad. Spring is in the air. La primavera la sangre altera. Take no notice of the stupid things people say. A palabras necias, odios sordos. Muerto el perro, se acabo la rabia. The buyer needs a hundred eyes, the seller but one. Quien compra ha de tener cien ojos; a quien vende le basta uno solo. The chickens have come home to roost. Aquellos polvos traen estos lodos. The child is the father of the man. Lo que se mama de nino dura toda la vida. Las cosas suelen empeorar antes de mejorar. The die is cast.

La suerte esta echada. The early bird catches the worm. El que madruga coge la oruga. The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence. Nadie esta contento con su suerte. The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence. Gusta lo ajeno, mas por ajeno que por bueno. The greatest hate springs from the greatest love. El mayor aborrecimiento, en el amor tiene su cimiento. The more danger, the more honor. A mas honor, mas dolor. The pen is mightier than the sword.

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Mas puede la pluma que la espada. The pot calls the kettle black. The proof of the pudding is in the eating. No se sabe si algo es bueno hasta que se lo pone a prueba. The sap rises in the spring. The shoemaker's son always goes barefoot. En casa de carpintero, puerta de cuero. En casa de herrero, cuchillo de palo. The truth will out.

Las mentiras tienen las patas cortas. Se pilla al mentiroso antes que al cojo. The wages of sin is death. El pecado se paga con la muerte. There are plenty more fish in the sea. Hay mucho mas donde elegir. There wasn't a sound to be heard. No se oia ni el vuelo de una mosca. There's always a catch. No hay miel sin hiel. There's honor among thieves. Entre bueyes no hay cornadas. Hay gustos que merecen palos. There's no smoke without fire. Donde hay humo, hay calor. There's no substitute for experience.

Mas sabe el diablo por viejo que por diablo.

There's so queer as folk. These things always come in threes. En los nidos de antano, no hay pajaros hogano. Things often happen when you least expect them to.

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Time and tide wait for no man. El tiempo pasa inexorablemente.

Time doesn't stand still. Time heals all wounds. Time is a great healer. El tiempo lo cura todo. El tiempo restaura las heridas. To err is human, to forgive divine. Consejo es de sabios perdonar injurias y olvidar agravios. El errar es humano, el perdonar, divino. Too many cooks spoil the broth. Obra de comun, obra de ningun.

Try to strike a happy medium. Ni tanto que queme al santo, ni tanto que no lo alumbre. Two in distress makes sorrow less. Al desdichado hace consuelo tener compania en su suerte y duelo. Desgracia compartida, menos sentida. La compania en la miseria hace a esta mas llevadera. We are all equal in the eyes of the Lord. El sol brilla para todos. We have been fools once in our lives. We must live by the living, not by the dead. Al vivo la hogaza y al muerto, la mortaja. We would be better off to have than to have coming.

We'll just have to make do. We're all a little crazy in one way or another. De cuerdo y loco todos tenemos un poco. What can't be cured must be endured. Hacer de tripas corazon. Mal que no tiene cura, quererlo curar es locura. What the boss says goes. Donde hay patron, no manda marinero. What you see is what you get. No hay mas cera que la que arde. When drums beat, laws are silent. Cuando la fuerza manda, la ley calla.

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When good cheer is lacking, our friends will be packing. Comida hecha, compania deshecha. When it rains, it pours. Siempre llueve sobre mojado.

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When one is hungry everything tastes good. El hambre no encuentra peros al condimento. Ensuciandose las manos, se puede hacer uno rico. Where there's smoke, there's fire. Where there's gossiping, there's lying. Where there's whispering, there's lying. Murmurador a la oreja, antes place que molesta. Where we least think, there goes the hare away. Who receives a gift, sells his liberty. Merced recibida, libertad vendida. Who disturbs a sleeping dog sells peace and buys noise.

Quien despierta al perro dormido vende paz y compra ruido Whom the gods love die young. A quien Dios ama, le llama. A quien Dios quiere para si, poco tiempo lo tiene aqui. Worse things happened at sea. You are what you own. Tanto tienes, tanto vales; nada tienes, nada vales. You can judge a man by the company he keeps. Dime con quien andas, y te dire quien eres. You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it drink. Puedes darle un consejo a alguien, pero no puedes obligarlo a que lo siga.

You can't escape your destiny. You can't have your cake and eat it too. No se puede tener todo. You can't make an omelet without breaking eggs. Nada que valga la pena se logra sin crear conflictos.